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1895 (b) The first anti-Qing armed uprising led by Sun Yat-sen. 1895 after the establishment of the Hong Kong headquarters of the Xingzhong Association in February, it was planned to launch an armed uprising in Guangzhou, and it was agreed that Sun Yat-sen would go to Guangzhou to prepare for the war full-time, and Yang would be responsible for raising funds, recruiting soldiers and transporting firearms in Hong Kong. After arriving in Guangzhou, Sun Xie, Zheng Shiliang, Lu and Deng made use of various social relations to prepare for the uprising through secret and open channels. First of all, the Guangzhou branch of Xingzhonghui was established. The organization is located in the Wangs Bookstore on the ground floor of Shuangmen, which has developed members and soon hundreds of people joined the club. Initiating the establishment of an open group Agricultural Society, with the call of discussing the new farming and mulberry law, to cover the activities of the Zhong Xing Society, was supported by some famous officials and gentry in Guangzhou. In March, Sun went to Hong Kong, agreed with Yang, Xie Zuantai and Huang on the uprising strategy, and planned to attack Guangzhou by Indiana Jones. Sun Huisui contacted various forces and made specific preparations. Cheng Kuiguang was in charge of contacting naval officers and soldiers, Zheng Shiliang contacted guilds in Guangzhou, Huaxian County, Yingde and Qingyuan, Li Qi and Hou Aiquan contacted Qinglin in Xiangshan and Shunde, and guilds in You Yong, Fang Ying, Chaoshan and Huizhou in Guangzhou were also contacted. Sun set up offices in Zhang Mansion, the salty shrimp bar outside the East Gate of Guangzhou, and the back auditorium of Shuangmendi Shengjiao Building to store documents and weapons and accept comrades coming and going. In Zhoutouzui on the south bank of the Pearl River, a bomb factory headed by American chemist Qi Lie was set up, a bomb team headed by Chen Qing was formed, and a small steamboat was purchased as a means of transportation. Yang also recruited scattered able-bodied men and workers in Hongkong, sold the foreign building in jervois street to pay for military expenses, and donated tens of thousands of dollars to pay for military expenses. He Qi drafted the English manifesto, and Zhu Qi drafted the Chinese "Please Call for Full Prose", which lobbied many people in Britain, Japan and Germany for support in Hong Kong. At the end of August, the preparations for the uprising were basically completed, and it was decided to officially promote the righteousness on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month (Gregorian calendar 65438+1October 26th). After discussing the preparations for the uprising in Hong Kong, Hui set up an interim government. Sun proceeded from the overall situation and elected Yang as president? Li Bo Xi Tiande. On the eve of the Double Ninth Festival, the uprising is ready to go. Lu took the right flag as a flag and decided to call for "getting rid of violence and getting well as soon as possible", and tied a red belt on his arm as a signal. On the appointed date, teams from all walks of life near Guangzhou arrived in Guangzhou, but Yang Fa telegraphed that the rebels and ordnance could not arrive on time. Worried that the leaked news was too late, Sun immediately telegraphed Yang, "Don't bring the goods, wait for tomorrow", and quickly left Guangzhou with them. Sun Jingxiang went out of the mountain and Macao to Hong Kong, but he was arrested. After receiving Sun's telegram, Yang sent Zhu Guiquan and others to Guangzhou with the ship, because the ordnance was already on board. When the ship arrived in Guangzhou on the 28th, more than 40 people including Zhu and Qiu were arrested. All the plans for the uprising were destroyed. The Qing government killed revolutionaries, Lu, Zhu Guiquan and Cheng Kuiguang were killed, and Sun, Yang and Chen Dou were wanted. Later, Sun called "September 18th" "the failure of the first revolution".

Referred to as the "First Congress" of the Kuomintang. Sun Yat-sen presided over the meeting, completed the task of reorganizing the Kuomintang and formally established the national United front. Since its establishment, the Provisional Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang appointed by Sun has held 28 meetings in 1923, 1924, 19128, and passed more than 400 bills, and formulated various articles of association, party programs, general assembly declarations, etc. to reorganize the Kuomintang. 1924 65438+1On October 20-30, the first Kuomintang Congress was held in the auditorium of Guangzhou National Guangdong Normal School. Appointed by Sun and recommended by various provinces, autonomous regions and overseas ports, 206 delegates (including 24 from party member, cross-party producers) attended the meeting, and some delegates attended the meeting as nonvoting delegates. Sun presided over the meeting and delivered an opening speech, saying that this meeting was the first time in the history of the Kuomintang and opened a new era of the Republic of China. He pointed out that this meeting is to complete the reorganization of the Kuomintang and then transform the country. Subsequently, Sun appointed Hu, Wang Jingwei, Lin Sen, Xie Zhi and Li Dazhao as members of the presidium of the conference, and presided over the adoption of the rules of procedure and the agenda of the conference. During the following seven days (suspended for three days in mourning for Lenin's death), the delegates not only listened to the party affairs reports of various provinces, autonomous regions and overseas places, but also discussed and passed various proposals and provisional motions. First, on the basis of nine members of the declaration review committee appointed by Sun to review and revise the declaration of the General Assembly, the General Assembly adopted the First China Nationalist Party on 23 October, 65438. Second, on the basis of a preliminary examination of the draft general constitution of the Kuomintang by the Constitutional Review Committee 19, the General Assembly adopted the Constitution of the Kuomintang of China on 10, 28 after a heated debate. Third, under the leadership of Sun, 24 members of the Kuomintang Central Executive Committee were democratically elected on October 30th, 65438: Hu, Wang Jingwei, Liao, Li Liejun, Dai, Lin Sen, Bai, Ding, Zou Lu, Tan Yankai, Qin Gui, Tan Pingshan, Shi Qingyang, Xiong Kewu, Li Dazhao. There are 65,438+07 alternate members of the Central Executive Committee: Shao Yuanchong, Deng, Shen, Lin Zuhan, Mao Zuquan, Li, Bai Yunti, Zhang Zhiben, Peng Sumin, Fu Rulin, Zhang Qiu Bai, Yu Fangzhou, Zhang Weicun, Qu Qiubai, Han and Zhang. Five members of the Central Supervision Commission were elected: Deng Zeru, Zhang Ji, Wu Zhihui, Li Shizeng and Xie Zhi; Five alternate members of the Central Supervision Commission: Cai Yuanpei, Xu Chongzhi, Liu Zhenhuan, Fan Zhongxiu and Yang Shukan. From this, the first Central Executive Supervision Committee of the Kuomintang with Sun Yat-sen as the prime minister and 10 * * party member was formed. At this point, the "First Congress" of the Kuomintang was a complete success.