A Brief Introduction to the Author of Guangxiao Fu

Feng Menglong (1574- 1646) was a writer and dramatist in the Ming Dynasty. Words are still dragons, words are still children. The name is still Long, the owner of Mohanzhai, the ancient song, the slave of Wu Xia's ci, the slave of Gusu's ci, and the history of Zhu in the previous Zhou Dynasty. Han nationality, ancestral home in Changzhou County (now Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province), Suzhou Prefecture, South Zhili. His works emphasize emotion and behavior, the most famous of which are ancient and modern novels (Yu's words), general words to warn the world and common words to wake up the world, which are collectively called "three words". Sanyan, together with Ling Mengchu's Surprise in a Moment and Surprise in Two Instances, are the classic representatives of China's vernacular short stories. Feng Menglong made a unique contribution to China literature by creating, collecting, sorting out and editing novels, operas, folk songs, jokes and other popular literature.

Feng Menglong was born in the second year of Wanli in the late Ming Dynasty (1574) and died in 1646. When he was born, he was born in the western part of the world during the Renaissance, echoing it from afar. In our big eastern country with thousands of years of civilization, there are also many deviant thinkers and artists. Li Zhuowu, Tang Xianzu, Yuan Hongdao and many other literati wrote brilliant chapters in the history of China's thought and literature with their shocking opinions, distinctive personality characteristics and outstanding artistic achievements. Wang Longwu of the Tang Dynasty in the Southern Ming Dynasty was two years old, that is, Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty was three years old, at the age of 73. Around this year, many successful writers appeared, such as Ling Mengchu (1644), Hou Tongzeng, Huang Daozhou, Wu, Xia, Qi Biaojia, Liu (1645), Ruan Dalong and Wang Siren (1646). A Chinese Renaissance in the embryonic stage of capitalism died under the iron hoof of foreign invasion. Feng Menglong was born in Changzhou (now Suzhou), Wuxian County, Suzhou Prefecture, South Zhili. Born in 1574 (the second year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty), he was born in a noble family. His elder brother (Feng Menggui) and his elder brother (Feng Mengxiong) are called "Wu Xia San Shi". My brother Meng Gui is a painter and my brother Meng Xiong is a student. His works have been passed down to this day. In addition to writing poems, Feng Menglong mainly writes historical novels and romantic novels. His own poetry collection no longer exists today, but fortunately, 30 works he compiled have been handed down from generation to generation, leaving a group of immortal treasures for China's cultural treasure house. In addition to the well-known Sanyan, there are New Biography, Supplementary Biography of Three Demons in Suiping, Romance of Ancient and Modern Martyrs, Guangxiaofu, Ancient and Modern Tan Gui, Think Tank, Ancient and Modern Tan Gui, Taiping Guangji Chao, Love History and Legend of Mo Hanzhai.

Three words and two beats

He has written so many books in his life, which is not only related to his own interests and talents.

Shiquan Street in Suzhou, where Feng Menglong's former residence is located.

In addition, it is also inseparable from his life experience. Feng Menglong studied hard since childhood. In his childhood and youth, like many scholars in feudal society, he devoted himself to reading classics and history for the imperial examination. He once recalled in "Fa Fan" in the book "The Covenant of Lin Jing": "I was educated in my childhood, and everyone asked me, and the secrets of the four sides were sparse; After 20 years of painstaking efforts, I have learned more. " Wang Ting, a long-lost friend, said: "For thousands of years, the history of 2 1 century has been turned over." However, his road to the imperial examination was very bumpy, and he repeatedly failed. Later, he wrote a book at home. He fell madly in love with a geisha named Hou Huiqing and frequently contacted the life of Suzhou teahouse and restaurant, which provided first-hand information for him to be familiar with folk literature. His collection of folk songs "Guizhi Er" and "Folk Songs" was created at that time. It was not until the third year of Chongzhen (1630) that he was recruited as Gong Sheng at the age of 57. The following year, an exception was made, and Dantu was granted. In the seventh year (1634), he was promoted to Shouning County, Fujian Province. I returned to my hometown four years later. In the turbulent world situation, the Qing soldiers went south and ran against the Qing at the age of 70. Feng Menglong was not only actively promoting and publishing the book "A Brief Introduction to Zhongxing", but also a patriot. When Chongzhen was appointed as the magistrate of Shouning County in 1999, he stated the reasons for the decline of the country. When the Qing soldiers went south, he carried out anti-Qing propaganda and published a book called "A Brief Introduction to Zhongxing". In the third year of Qing Shunzhi (1646), Chun died of grief and was killed by Qing soldiers. Influenced by Li Zhuowu, Feng Menglong dared to break through the traditional ideas. He put forward: "Secular but knowing reason is the model of emotion, but who knows the dimension of reason?"

The cover of love history

? "("Love History "Volume I" General Comment ") emphasizes sincere feelings and opposes hypocritical ethics. In literature, he attaches great importance to the sincere feelings and great enlightenment contained in popular literature. He believes that popular literature is "the voice of folk temperament", "the natural text between heaven and earth" and the expression of true feelings. In "Folk Songs", he put forward the literary proposition of "developing famous counterfeit drugs through the true feelings of men and women", which showed the characteristics of the times of breaking through the shackles of ethics and pursuing individual liberation. He attaches great importance to the educational function of popular literature. In Preface to Ancient and Modern Novels, he thinks that "reciting the Book of Filial Piety and The Analects of Confucius every day is not necessarily so quick and profound", and popular novels can make "the fearful people brave, the immoral people loyal, the thin people depressed, and the stubborn people sweating". These views are a powerful blow to the contempt for popular literature.

Complete works of Feng Menglong

Throughout his life, although he had the ambition to govern the country, he did not want to be bound by feudal morality. His admiration for Li Zhuowu, who dared to preach chaos and mislead the people, his hanging out with prostitutes and his love for slang novels ... were all considered dirty, unrestrained and intolerable by Neo-Confucianism. As a result, he had to sink into the lower class for a long time, or work hard to make a living, or as an editor of a bookseller to support his family. From the publishing point of view, these books compiled by Feng Menglong have an important feature, that is, they pay attention to practicality. His works recording historical events at that time were of great news value at that time; His textbook explaining Confucian classics is welcomed by scholars who study imperial examinations. His imitations, novels, novels, plays and folk songs have a larger readership for ordinary people and brought rich profits to booksellers. This makes Feng Menglong's editing work have some characteristics of the publishing industry under the modern market economy. In the book Think Tank, these characteristics are also fully reflected. The trial of Feng Menglong, a Fujian drama.