Are people with quick and developed thinking more likely to suffer from certain mental diseases?

But perhaps a "genius" with a certain talent is indeed more prone to mental illness than ordinary people.

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Genius and mental illness For many years, many medical scientists speculated that creativity was related to mental illness, but there was no scientific conclusion. British psychologist Felix? After ten years of research, Dr. Post finally found out: "There is indeed some connection between creative talent and morbid psychology. Genius has a lot of mental madness, which can often stimulate inspiration and creativity. So many people with high IQ also have mental illness. " Ferrakimir of the Moscow Institute of Psychiatry? After research, Eve Romson also firmly believes: "There is indeed a connection between genius and disease that cannot be ignored."

Dr. Post studied 300 famous figures in modern human history with the analysis method of modern psychopathology, and drew the following conclusions: 17% politicians have obvious mental illness characteristics, such as Hitler, Lincoln and Napoleon; Scientists account for 18%, such as Gordon, Mendel, Ampere, Copernicus and Ferretti; Thinkers account for 26%, such as Russell, Rousseau, Schopenhauer; Composers account for 3 1%, such as Wagner, Puccini and Schumann; Painters account for 37%, such as Van Gogh, Picasso,; Novelists and poets account for the largest proportion of 46%, such as Faulkner, Proust, Lawrence and lermontov. ...

According to the report of China Journal on August 1 Sunday, 2007, a study led by a research team from Oxford University and participated by scientists from many countries shows that left-handed people are more likely to suffer from schizophrenia than ordinary people. Scientists have found that a gene in the human body seems to increase the possibility of being left-handed, but it also increases the risk of brain disorders. This important discovery also proves the fact that there is indeed a connection between genius and mental illness.

According to the "theory of division of labor between left and right brain" put forward by Professor Popaleut through the split brain experiment, we know that our left brain is in charge of reading, language and analysis, which belongs to logical thinking and dominates the right hemisphere nerves and senses of the body; And our right brain has the special function of appreciating music and art, and has the image cognition of space and graphics. It can observe things intuitively and is a creative thinking mechanism to master inspiration. In addition, it also dominates the left hemisphere nerves and senses of the human body. We know that many outstanding figures in history, such as Napoleon, Clinton, Reagan, Bush, Edison, Newton, Madame Curie, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Picasso, Chaplin and Einstein, are all left-handed. According to the principle that the brain passes through the limbs, it also confirms the theory that genius is inspired by the right brain.

Ding Zhaozhong, a China scientist who won the Nobel Prize, said: "The distance between a genius and a person with abnormal nerves is very short." What about the great philosopher Ali? Scott once said, "There is no genius who is not a little crazy." Little John, who is called a gifted mathematician like Einstein? Forbes? Nash won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1994 for his great contributions in the fields of game theory. His name often appears in economics textbooks, evolutionary biology papers, political science monographs and mathematical magazines. However, to everyone's surprise, the most dazzling new mathematician named by Fortune Weekly turned out to be a madman with paranoid schizophrenia. Nash was withdrawn and introverted when he was a child, and older people rated him as "eccentric" or "eccentric". Sometimes he thinks he is God's left foot, sometimes he tells people that he is the emperor of the Antarctic Empire, but when he reached the peak of his career at the age of 30, he suffered from mental illness.

Do we know about Vaslav? Nikinsky was an outstanding artist who enjoyed the title of "the greatest actor" in Russia in the early 20th century. In his short and brilliant dance career, Nijinsky successfully created the main characters in the plays such as Arabian Nights, Egyptian Nights, Fairy and Aigami. On the stage, he can dance the most difficult steps with the lightest and most touching skills. In choreography, his masterpieces "Afternoon of the Shepherd" and "Sacrifice of Spring" have become the classics of modern ballet. Unfortunately, in 19 19, Nijinsky, who was less than 30 years old, suffered from serious mental illness. In addition, in history, the great thinker Nietzsche spent the last ten years of his life in a mental hospital. Russian painter Frubek also ended his life in a mental hospital.

According to the Russian Youth Pravda, a mental hospital in Moscow recently tested some newly admitted patients with severe schizophrenia to see how high their intuitive ability would be, and the results were very surprising. The average person's guess is only 20% to 30% accurate, but these mental patients are 86% to 92% accurate. Vladimir, the late director of the Moscow Institute of Psychiatry? Professor Evlomson once said: "Many great people in the world are more prone to genetic diseases, and mental illness is the first ... It's strange. The crazier the genius, the greater the achievement."

British scientist Baron? Cohen's recent research found that Newton, a great scientist, was actually a depressive. In an article published in New Scientist magazine, he pointed out that Newton was a selfish, narrow-minded and aggressive eccentric besides his amazing achievements in science. Newton almost never liked to talk, even to a few friends, he showed indifference or bad temper. Sometimes even if no one is listening, he will give a lecture to an empty classroom. At the age of 50, Newton finally went insane due to depression and paranoia. In addition, according to various indications, Copernicus, Ampere and Einstein are all great scientists suffering from this disease. According to the statistics of relevant departments, only 4 people in 1000 suffer from mild manic depression, which is more than ten times that of genius.

According to the British "Daily Telegraph" website, the famous psychiatrist Michael? Professor Wozlard pointed out after the research: Austrian musician Wolfgang? Amadeus Mozart, German musician Ludwig? Where is it? Beethoven, Russian composer Peter? Ilych? Tchaikovsky; Kant, a master of western philosophy, and George, a great British writer? Orwell, writer Andersen, Balzac; Poets Byron, Shelley, Pushkin, Robert and other masters who once dominated the field of literature and history all suffered from depression or schizophrenia during their lifetime. This disease will not only cause them to behave strangely, but also stimulate their creative potential. This is just as Balzac said: "Genius is the morbid state of human beings, just as pearls are the morbid state of shellfish".

Another genius with this disease is: Blaise, a French thinker? Pascal, German philosopher Hegel, Italian violinist nicolo? Pagani, the great Polish pianist Chopin, and the great Russian musician Hua Xili? Kandinsky, German writer John? Christopher. Schiller, French writer Dumas, Russian writer Lev? Tolstoy, the famous German writer Goethe, and the famous British woman writer Virginia? Woolf, French symbolist poet Aarti? The founders of Austrian psychoanalysis, Rambo, Freud and German painter Albright? Diu Lei, etc.

According to the journal Nature Medicine, Canadian medical workers found that many geniuses are most likely caused by genetic disorders when studying Williams syndrome. A person's genome is like a 40,000-word book, said Xie Le, a senior researcher at Toronto Children's Hospital. The disorder of gene arrangement is like a 20-word sentence in a book being printed backwards, and the patient with this congenital disease has lost 20 genes on chromosome 7 since birth. Although these people have some obstacles and are prone to mental illness, at the same time, this may also be the direct cause of the rapid improvement of intellectual breakthrough, and thus have produced talented artists, mathematicians and scientists.

Another study also shows that people with abnormal chromosome 15 are more likely to suffer from mental diseases such as panic and anxiety. However, due to the abnormal function of this gene, it may also become a huge driving force for the "Great Leap Forward" of intelligence, thus producing a genius. The researchers also examined 120 patients with mental depression and some people who committed suicide, and found that suicide and suicidal people were closely related to this gene mutation.

Not long ago, Bruce of the University of California? After years of unremitting exploration, Dr. Miller finally found this button in the human brain that can "start" genius. When Miller studied 72 patients with brain injury due to various reasons, he found that once a person's right temporal lobe was injured, he might become a genius in a certain field. This "genius button" is located in a special area under the right temporal lobe of the human brain, but it is usually oppressed by some neurons and cannot be released. But when these neurons are damaged or necrotic for various reasons, then this person's creativity will be fully exerted. If we can "start" this button manually, it is entirely possible to turn an ordinary person into a super genius.

Medvedev, director of Moscow Brain Research Institute, further confirmed Miller's conclusion. He believes that neurons called "error detectors" exist, which is a "preventive mechanism" inside the brain and has some function of inhibiting genius. It will not make people's daily behavior deviate from normal. Whenever new ideas appear in people's minds, the "error detector" will interfere with the restrictions. But if something goes wrong with this mechanism, those extraordinary ideas and genius theories will continue to emerge. Through research, scientists believe that genius is often a patient who deviates from the normal state. Although their abilities are very low in some aspects, they can show extraordinary talents in many aspects. Most talented people's brains are "liberated" because of problems.

At present, the most advanced science is human life science. The most complicated and mysterious thing in the human body is our brain. 2 1 century is an era of rapid development of life science. With the continuous breakthrough of cloning technology and genetic engineering, the dreams of mankind for thousands of years are coming true one by one. With the continuous development of molecular neurobiology and cognitive science, we believe that a major breakthrough will be made in revealing the structure and function of the brain.

In the history of the world, the life experiences of geniuses are mostly tragic, and many of them are caused by mental illness. Van Gogh, a genius with mental illness, shot himself at the age of 37. Nietzsche, the genius who made the world tremble, spent the last twelve years of his life in a crazy state.

Aristotle has long observed mental illness and genius. He said: "They are excellent poets when they have manic attacks. Once their illness is cured, they can no longer write poems." But obviously, this is just an observation and a simple description of mental illness.

Genius is an extremely intelligent and sensitive person. Sensitive to the outside world and unable to reconcile with their complicated inner world, they have all kinds of "weird" behaviors. What makes ordinary people incredible is that geniuses don't take their own weirdness seriously, because they don't mean to make people feel weird. They are "weird" because they feel they have to do that, so that their energy can be released and they will feel comfortable. Of course, it's not bad to be grotesque without losing reason. If the grotesque is too irrational, it is undoubtedly a real psychopath.

The mental patient's state is a bit like drunkenness. Psychopaths say "I'm not crazy", just like drunkards keep saying they're not drunk. However, there is nothing wrong with being drunk. Nietzsche advocated a Dionysian spirit and resisted the traditional rational spirit with irrational spirit. Reason can't understand life, it can only misinterpret life and even constrain its development. The Dionysian spirit advocated by Nietzsche is to exert the creativity of life in a drunken state. Being drunk is a bit like a psychopath. The drunk knew he had to vent. In the era of rationalism, Nietzsche's thought has epoch-making significance and can be called another milestone of life philosophy.

We might as well look at the emergence of mental illness from Freud's point of view.

According to Freud, sexual desire became the root of everything. Sexual instinct can only be suppressed, but due to physiological reasons, it can't be got rid of. Depression is also temporary and will be vented in some way. Freund believes that there are six ways to vent sexual desire: dreaming, negligence, free association, empathy, telling jokes and mental illness. In addition, there is a more advanced form of development-art, have you seen it? Mental illness is so similar to art that Freud hinted that sexual energy is a passion. Artists not only vent their sexual energy, but also create splendid civilization. It seems obvious that genius only exists between mental illness and artistic creation. If he is lucky, he may become a talented artist by sliding to one side a little; If he slips to the other side, he may stay in a mental hospital. Swift founded a mental hospital when he was young, but when he was old, he entered his own mental hospital. This matter has also been ridiculed by Kierkegaard, who said: "Old age realizes the dream of youth." It seems that God should be careful when creating, so as not to be laughed at by the world after becoming a psychopath.

In addition, a large number of facts have proved that if a person comes from a family with a history of mental illness and grows up in an ideal environment, then he is likely to become a genius. Let's give a few examples to prove it.

Schopenhauer, who is known as "half a madman for a long time", has had many misfortunes at home. Father died in the river for no reason, which is said to be suicide. Mother died of madness. My uncle died at the age of forty. My uncle was born an idiot, and my brother-in-law died in a semi-crazy state. Schopenhauer grew up in this background, and loneliness, depression, irritability, strangeness and fear naturally became his personality characteristics.

Russell is a famous philosopher, thinker and mathematician, and is called "an encyclopedic thinker". In the second year of his birth, his father suffered from epilepsy. Later, my uncle was insane, and my aunt went crazy before she got married. On the other hand, fortunately, Russell was born in this family, otherwise it would be difficult for Russell to become the Russell we know.

Wittgenstein, who turned to philosophy "linguistics", had eight brothers and sisters, and two of the three brothers who committed suicide were gay. But on the whole, his brothers and sisters all have extraordinary intelligence. One of his brothers is a world-famous musician, and he himself is a rare genius in the whole human history.

One thing I want to explain is that I think because madness is mostly in the West, there are many geniuses in the West who lead human history and culture. This is undoubtedly related to democracy, freedom and human liberation in western society. Because, as a life, people have their own primitive life impulses. In China, the concept of hierarchy has long suppressed human nature and passion, and passion is just the original motive force of creative activities such as science and technology, culture and art. In this sense, the strangulation of human nature is the fundamental reason for China's poverty and backwardness.

Anyway, it seems that there is really only one step between a madman and a genius. If you are a psychopath, I don't think you need to worry because you may be a genius. If you are a genius, I kindly remind you to pay proper attention to supervision and not to go crazy. If your family has a history of mental illness, I should congratulate you, because you already have the basic conditions to become a wizard. However, don't believe my slanderous factual analysis.

The great Russian painter Isaac? Levitan is also a manic-depressive psychopath. He is afraid and hates people, so it is difficult for everyone to associate with him. He was often depressed and desperate and tried to commit suicide many times.

Ernest, a famous American writer Hemingway's granddaughter Margo? Hemingway

1996, a famous American writer Ernest? Hemingway's granddaughter Margo? Hemingway committed suicide. This incident caused a sensation, not only because she was the highest-paid female model in the world at that time, but because the Hemingway family had committed suicide for four generations in a row. On February 25, 2005, at 65438, when the whole American family got together to celebrate Christmas, the peaceful atmosphere was broken by cruel bursts of gunfire.

Cheatham, a 27-year-old American genius artist, shot and killed his mother because of mental illness, then drove to Price's home 10 miles away, shot and killed three people and a dog with a 9mm pistol, and committed suicide. Also in 2005, American outstanding genius writer Tristan? Igoff committed suicide at the age of 32 due to depression.

Justin, the highest IQ prodigy in America.

Justin, a prodigy who was rated as the highest IQ by the American Center for Talent Development, began to learn chess at the age of three, and became the youngest student at the State University of new york at Rochester at the age of six. At the age of seven, his IQ test was rated as 298. However, in June of 200012000, Justin tried to commit suicide by swallowing too much painkillers at his residence in Denver, and was rescued and sent to the children's psychiatric treatment center. In addition, in Nebraska, there is a "prodigy" named Brandon. He/kloc-began to read and write when he was 0/8 months old, went to middle school at the age of 6, and went to college at the age of1/kloc-0. However, this college student with IQ as high as 178 committed suicide at home on March 15, 2005. Coincidentally, in March 2005, a British Chinese "prodigy" Mike, who is also considered to be very promising? Chen committed suicide by jumping off a building after confessing his rejection to his beloved girl. /kloc-at the age of 0/0, Mike passed the British college entrance examination with a straight A and entered the university. /kloc-died at 0/9.

● Russian painter Isaac? Levitan: Manic-depressive psychosis.

It can be found that Levitan, a great painter, seldom painted figures, but more painted landscapes. The reason is simple-he is afraid and hates people, and rarely deals with people. Only a few of his paintings were painted by people, but they were not painted by him, but by friends.

It is difficult for the painter to control his emotions, and he is often in a state of depression and despair, so he plans to commit suicide several times. After getting rid of the melancholy state, he became particularly excited and naughty like a child. And year after year, this interval is getting shorter and shorter. However, it is really strange that the sunniest scenery is painted in a state of extreme depression. Medically, it can be explained that when a painter paints, endorphins are injected into his blood to play a calming role.

Also suffering from this disease are Russian writer lev tolstoy, Austrian psychologist, psychiatrist, founder of psychoanalysis Freud, German engineer Dissel, German writer Goethe, French thinker and utopian socialist Saint-Simon, German philosopher Kant and British writer Dickens.

● Danish writer and world-famous fairy tale master Andersen: neurasthenia

Andersen was manic, afraid of getting sick, suffering from fires and shipwrecks, afraid of heights, worried about missing the train and losing his ID card, worried about putting important folders in books, worried about not blowing out candles and taking medicine according to the dose, and worried about putting letters in the wrong envelope. In short, I am always in a state of panic.

On a trip, his friend was half an hour late and found the writer exhausted and desperate. During this half hour, Andersen thought a lot, from the death of his friend to the funeral. It is said that he can stay at home and cry all day. Because he is afraid of women, he has always been a virgin. He only masturbates to satisfy his sexual needs, but he also feels guilty. I always feel very tired and get angry easily.

Soviet psychiatrist Bekhterev and Soviet Russian writer Zochenko also made this mistake.

Dutch painter Vincent? Van Gogh: Intermittent schizophrenia

The price of the greatest painters and paintings in the Netherlands after Rembrandt is as high as 670 million dollars today. Where is it? Gao, as many people know, is also famous for committing suicide by mental illness. He once cut off his ear and wrapped it up for prostitutes. Where is it? Gao knows that he has mental illness, but he regards it as an indispensable part of his painting art. He claims: "Some people love nature even if they are crazy or sick. These people are painters. " This is his belief. He even believes that if he really becomes a crazy person, then, "the crazier I am, the more I am an artist."

During the attack, he had terrible hallucinations and was surrounded by depression and hatred. He would chew paint and walk around the room for hours, holding a position for a long time. According to him, it is at this moment of vague consciousness that you can see the impression of those paintings in the future. When he has a splitting headache, he may cut off his ear. Generally speaking, the world in the mind of schizophrenics is different from that of most people. What most people think is ridiculous will only make schizophrenics angry. There are contradictions in his brain, but he doesn't realize their opposition. He often gives what is happening an unusual or even ominous meaning, and firmly believes that only he can understand it.

Russian writer Nikolai Nikolai Gogol, Lithuanian painter and composer Qiu Leonie, French writer Dumas, French painter Hemingway, Russian composers Diu Lei and rachmaninoff all suffer from this disease.

● Dumas, French writer: Mild manic psychosis

People with this disease often have pleasant and absurd hallucinations for several days, and they are particularly energetic these days. In fact, at this time, their attention has been distracted and they have been unable to work effectively. They become lazy, irritable, rude and very conceited.

Mozart, an Austrian composer, also suffered from this disease.

● French doctor and astrologer Nostradamus Dammous: epilepsy

The main manifestations are spasm, loss of consciousness and sleepwalking.

Delirium and hallucinations often occur. Sometimes it reveals fear, depression, and sometimes it is extremely happy. Gradually, even the personality has changed: memory loss, few words, signs of dementia.

French comedian Moliere and Russian poet Bloch also have frequent seizures.

● German philosopher Hegel: obsessive-compulsive disorder

People with this disease will repeatedly think about what happened, or involuntarily repeat some actions, such as washing their hands and smoothing their hair.

Balzac, French writer: hysterical psychosis

This psychopath with pathological mania always tries to attract others' attention.

Meyer, the German doctor who first put forward the principle of energy conservation and transformation, committed suicide by jumping off a building because his theory was not recognized by the scientific community at that time. In fact, as early as 185 1, people suspected that Meyer was mentally ill and was sent to a mental hospital.

● Napoleon, the emperor of the First Empire of France and the Hundred Days Dynasty? Bonaparte: epilepsy

Napoleon's right shoulder, lips, and even limbs are always habitually shaking and twitching, and he knows it. Once, on the exile island of St. Helen, he and the British general Hudson who strictly controlled him there? After an argument, Sir Lowe said, "My anger must be terrible, because I feel my legs are shaking. This has not happened for a long time."

The great Austrian poet Nicholas? Lainao and Montesquieu: Epilepsy.

Nicholas, the great Austrian poet who suffered from mental illness all his life and finally collapsed? Lainao and Montesquieu, a famous French political scientist and philosopher, also had this trembling mental illness.

On the floor of their room, there are traces of their feet trembling and twitching when they write. When Johnson walks on the streets of London, he always forces himself to touch every mailbox on the roadside. Even if you miss one occasionally, you should go back and touch it again. When he enters or exits the gate or any entrance, he must always cross the threshold with his right foot or left foot first. If there is something wrong, he must cross it again until he is satisfied with it.

Socrates also had this weird and morbid action. He often dances or jumps in the street for no reason, as if he has been in a state of extreme excitement.

Julius, an ancient Greek and Roman politician and strategist? Caesar: Epilepsy.

Jules. Caesar was a politician and strategist. He changed the historical process of ancient Greece and Rome, but he suffered from epilepsy. On the battlefield, he had two seizures, which almost seriously affected his fate. On another occasion, when the Senate wanted to give him the highest honor, he sat in the seat of consul. He couldn't stand up because he lost consciousness. He just greeted the members of the Senate like ordinary citizens, but the members did not express their dissatisfaction with his behavior. When Caesar regained consciousness, he immediately went home, took off his clothes, stretched out his neck, and loudly said that anyone who wanted to cut his throat. He explained that his attitude towards the Senate was due to his illness. He is a patient. People with this disease can't stand and talk in public. When the disease broke out, they immediately felt dizzy, their hands and feet went into shock, and finally they completely lost consciousness.

Russian genius writer fedor? Dostoevsky: epilepsy

In addition to Caesar, like the genius poet Francisco in Renaissance Italy? Great French playwrights and novelists Petrarch, Moliere and Gustav? Flaubert, the great German composer George? Frederick? Gandel, French King Charles V and Saint Paul of ancient Christianity were all epileptic patients. Lombroso thinks that epilepsy may be related to artistic creation, because "the instantaneous intermission and sudden loss of consciousness in artistic creation are the characteristics of epilepsy". Whether this explanation is correct remains to be verified, but the Russian genius writer fedor? In Dostoevsky's case, it is true.

Dostoevsky is a very peculiar genius. When he takes dictation while walking indoors, he often goes to the fireplace and knocks twice, just like Johnson. What's more peculiar is that his mood changes quickly, and he often has anxiety attacks, trembling hands and feet, convulsions all over his body, blue lips and red cheeks. But in this intermittent moment between seizure and awakening, his consciousness will have a brief ideal state. At this time, his perception is extremely sensitive, his consciousness is extremely clear, and his thinking is extremely active, which is difficult for him and other ordinary people to predict and achieve at ordinary times. This enables Dostoevsky to be like his researcher and famous scholar Mi? Bakhtin said that it is possible that this is the unique talent of the so-called pathological genius!

His understanding of the cross section at a particular moment has reached an unusually keen level, which enables him to see many varied things, while others can only see the same things. Where others see an idea, they will find and explore dual thoughts and dual personalities; Where others see a character, they can dig out the existence of another villain. Everything that seemed simple and clear has become complex and multi-component in his world. He is good at listening to two arguments in every voice; Good at seeing the omen of depression in every expression and transforming it into the opposite expression; In every gesture, he thinks about self-confidence and non-confidence at the same time; He understood the double meanings and multiple understandings of every phenomenon.

The famous French modernist poet Charles? Baudelaire (author of Flowers of Evil): Aphasia and Hemiplegia.

Charles. Baudelaire's several love poems are considered to have reached the immortal artistic peak; At the same time, he is also considered as "/kloc-the greatest art critic in the 9th century". But he is a completely paranoid and abnormal person. Baudelaire inherited from his family's mental illness, which made him full of hallucinations and delusions since childhood; The ecstasy and horror of life make his perception sometimes extremely sensitive and insensitive, which is a kind of antagonistic emotion that he can feel himself. All these led him to regard life as an "oasis of terror in a disgusting desert" and determined to try to escape. When he was 6 years old, his father died and his mother remarried the next year. Baudelaire had a bad relationship with his stepfather and quarreled endlessly. Once, in front of his friends, he tried to strangle his stepfather, refused the position offered by his stepfather, and lived a dissolute life alone. In order to make him change this life, his stepfather sent him to India to do business, but in the middle of the boat, he went ashore and returned empty-handed, bringing nothing back except a black woman, a black woman he wanted to dedicate to her love poem. Yes, his love is morbid. The opposite sex he loves is an ugly black woman, or a very tall or short woman. Most people will feel creepy when they see it. He wrote about a woman in a poem called stallion: "She is ugly, but she is cute." It is "really ugly" to say that this woman is an ant, a spider or a skeleton, but "in short, she has a lot of taste". His desire for a very beautiful woman is to hang her hand on the ceiling and let her kiss her feet, and kissing her barefoot is equivalent to sex for him. Baudelaire also has some uncontrollable obsessive-compulsive behaviors, such as changing residence once a month; Before he fell into a state of dementia, he often threw bottles, cans and the like at the window of the shop just to hear the sound of broken glass and other objects, which made him feel happy.

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