The main contents of Don Quixote and the characters of the main characters.

First, Don Quixote is such a person who is divorced from reality, addicted to fantasy and blind in action. He lost his basic rationality because he was fascinated by knight novels. He regards the description of knight novels as real life and ignores the changed times.

Second, Don Quixote is a pure idealist. He hates tyranny and cruelty, sympathizes with the oppressed working people, yearns for freedom, and regards protecting people's legitimate rights and dignity, weeding out the strong and helping the weak, and eliminating injustice in the world as his life ideal. Perhaps this is his idealized chivalry, but he is so obsessed and persistent with it, so incredible that he has completely become paranoid.

Don Quixote is a fighter in erin brockovich. We are deeply impressed by his selfless spirit of realizing his ideal. Don Quixote dares to fight selflessly for justice and evil. No matter what kind of enemy he meets, he is not timid and never flinches. He took the windmill of the mill as a giant and rushed over without hesitation.

To sum up, we can see that Don Quixote is a complicated and contradictory figure. He has both funny characteristics and serious thinking; Ridiculous and noble; It is both comic and tragic, and it is a ridiculous, sad, coke and respectable character with dual personality combination. Don Quixote dares to defend morality, justice and faith with his actions and even his life. Even though he ended in failure in most cases, his indomitable spirit of self-sacrifice is really admirable.

Don Quixote (pronounced Tá n ɡ Jehad), formerly known as Don Quixote, is a whimsical gentleman. In the preface, the author said: "This book is only a satire on knight literature [3]", aiming at "completely destroying the territory of knight literature". But in fact, the social significance of this work exceeds the author's subjective intention. In this work of nearly one million words, the whole Spanish society appeared in the 6th century and the early 7th century. About 700 characters, including dukes, duchesses, feudal landlords, monks, priests, soldiers, craftsmen, shepherds, farmers and men and women of different classes, sharply and comprehensively criticized the politics and laws of feudal Spain in this period.

Don Quixote, the hero of the work, is an immortal typical figure. According to the book, this thin, sad-looking little aristocrat was fascinated by chivalry literature, and even rode on a thin old horse, Luigi Nanti, found a rusty spear, put on a helmet with holes, and wanted to be a ranger, hoe the strong and help the weak and defend the people. He hired Sancho Panza, a nearby farmer, as his entourage and rode behind him on a donkey. Don Quixote imagined a milkmaid in a neighboring village as his female protector and named her Toposo da Cynthia. So he went out looking for adventure as a knight without a formal title. He completely lost his sense of reality, fell into a rambling fantasy, and treated everything with idealism. So he made a lot of troubles, suffered a lot, and made a lot of jokes, but he was still stubborn. He regarded the country inn as a castle and the boss as a castellan, forcing the boss to make him a knight. The shopkeeper was so happy that he played a joke on him. He took the book of horse account as the Bible, hit him twice on the shoulder with the back of Don Quixote's knife, and then asked a shoemaker's daughter to help him hang the knife. The sealed knight Don Quixote walked out of the inn and took the spinning windmill as a giant. He rushed up to fight it, and he was black and blue all over. He took the sheep as an army and rushed to fight. The shepherd boy hit him in the face with a stone and broke his teeth. Sancho Panza corrected him again and again, but he never believed him. He also treated a barber as a soldier, gave him a head-on blow, and regarded the copper basin from victory as the famous Mann-Bourinot helmet. He treated a group of criminals as persecuted gentlemen, killed them and saved them. He asked them to go to the village to thank their sponsors, but they beat them badly. His friends tried many ways to get him home. In the second volume, he continued to take risks and suffered a lot, which made him sick. One of his friends, Samson carrasco, pretended to be a samurai and knocked him down, so he was punished to stop being a ranger for one year. Don Quixote did not repent until he died.

This character's personality is dual: on the one hand, he is insane and ridiculous, but it is he who represents lofty moral standards, fearless spirit, heroic behavior, firm belief in justice and loyalty to love, and so on. The crazier he is, the greater the disaster he causes. Almost everyone who meets him will encounter disaster, but his excellent moral character is more distinct. Sancho Panza originally followed Don Quixote as the "governor", but it was for this reason that he was reluctant to leave. Don Quixote is ridiculous, but he is always the embodiment of idealism. He has infinite sympathy for the oppressed and the weak. From many chapters, we can find that he praised freedom and opposed oppression and slavery in warm language. It is also through this typical example that Cervantes declared the end of religionism with sadness. This just reflects the social mentality of the Renaissance when the old beliefs collapsed and the new beliefs (bourgeoisie) failed.

Sancho Panza, Don Quixote's attendant, is also a typical image. He was created to set off the image of Don Quixote. His image sets off the theme of the decline of faith from the opposite side. Don Quixote is full of fantasy, while Sancho Panza starts from reality. Don Quixote is an ascetic monk, and Sancho Panza is a hedonist. Don Quixote is rich in knowledge, while Sancho Panza is illiterate; Don Quixote is thin and tall, and Sancho Pansha is fat and short. He, Sancho Panza, is a farmer with the shortcomings of small business owners. But when he is really put in the position of managing an island (actually a village), he can handle affairs impartially, without favoritism or corruption. Later, because I couldn't stand the teasing of the nobles, I left my job. He said, "I came naked and went naked. I didn't suffer, and I didn't take advantage. This is where I am different from other governors. " Commenting on Don Quixote and Sancho Panza, Mr. Zhu Guangqian said: "One is Don Quixote who is full of illusory ideals and fights with a windmill with a spear to show chivalry, and the other is Sancho Panza who wants to enjoy life from wine, food and high officials. One of them is a ridiculous idealist and the other is a ridiculous pragmatist. But Don Quixote belongs to the past, and Sancho Panza belongs to the future. With the growing influence of the bourgeoisie, the ideal person is not Don Quixote, but Sancho Panza [4]. "

In terms of creative methods, Cervantes is good at depicting the hero's character with typical language and actions, repeatedly emphasizing the character's personality with exaggerated methods, and boldly using some opposing artistic expressions alternately, which has both thought-provoking tragic elements and comedy elements. Although the structure of the novel is not rigorous enough and some details are inconsistent, it is a big step forward compared with previous European novels in terms of reflecting the depth and breadth of reality and portraying the typicality of characters, marking a new stage in European novel creation. Many famous European writers spoke highly of Cervantes, such as:

Goethe: "I think Cervantes' novels are really a delightful and instructive treasure house. "

Byron: "Don Quixote is a sad story. The more people laugh, the more sad they are. The hero's sole purpose is to uphold justice and surrender the bad guys. It is those virtues that make him crazy. "

Heine: "Cervantes, Shakespeare and Goethe became the three-headed rule, reaching the peak in narrative, drama and lyric creation."

Hugo: "Cervantes' creation is so ingenious that it can be described as seamless;" "The protagonist and Sancho, riding their own animals, are one integrated mass, ridiculous and sad, touching ..."

Belinsky: "In all the famous literary works in Europe, seriousness and comity, tragedy and comedy, triviality and vulgarity in life, greatness and beauty all blend so well ... This example only appears in Cervantes' Don Quixote. Abstract is selected from Xu Baogeng's Journey to Western Literature (Part I) (Hebei Education Press, 2003).