Classical Chinese training pdf

1. The four articles on ancient Chinese reading training and answers should be as short as possible, and the questions should be less urgent.

The first article: The tiger seeks the beasts and eats them, and they get each other.

The fox said: "You (you) dare not eat me! The Emperor of Heaven made me grow into hundreds of beasts, and now you eat me, which is contrary to the order of the Emperor of Heaven. You think I am unbelievable, and I am your son who goes first. "You follow me, how dare you not move away when you see all the beasts?" The tiger thought so, so he followed me, and all the beasts ran away when he saw me.

The tiger did not know that the beast was afraid of itself and ran away, thinking that it was afraid of the fox. 1.

Explain the meaning of the following words: (1) The tiger thinks so: __Yes, correct__ (2) The beasts run away when they see it: _run away___2. Why do all the beasts ‘run away’ when they see them? __Because when they see a tiger behind a fox, they are actually afraid of the tiger___________________________3.

What is the moral of this fable? ___The power of a fox and a tiger tells us not to look at superficial phenomena, and we can easily be misled by looking at superficial phenomena. _______ Chapter 2: When Wang Rong was seven years old, he tried to play with some children. He saw that there were many pear trees on the roadside and the branches were broken, and the children actually went to grab them. Wei Rong remained motionless. When someone asked about it, he replied: "The tree is beside the road and has many seeds, so it must be a bitter pear." I believe it.

Please come up with a title for the story: _Wang Rong Xili___2. Explain the meaning of the words in the sentence (1) Taste and play with the children: Taste _ Once upon a time, there was ___ (2) The children actually walked and took it away: _Run away__ (3) Wei Rong did not move: Wei _ __Only 3.

After reading the short article, what kind of child do you think Wang Rong is? Try to combine the analysis with the original text _____ A smart child who is good at analyzing things _____ The third original text: Dong'an ① A scholar is good at painting, and he makes a rat axis ②, and presents it to the city order ③. Ling didn't know love at first, so he hung on the wall.

As soon as ⑤ passes by, the shaft will fall to the ground ⑥, hanging and falling again and again. Make the monster ⑦, look for ⑧ at dawn, the axis is on the ground and the cat is squatting next to it.

If caught, the cat will stagger and chase away. When I tried a group of cats, I found that the painting was ⑾, so I realized that the painting was ⑿ realistic.

Translation: ①Dongan: County name, now in Hengyang, Hunan Province. Good, proficient, good at.

②One axis: The painting is mounted on a axis, and one axis means one picture. Axis: Picture scroll ③Yi Ling: County magistrate.

④Man: careless and casual. ⑤Den: Morning.

⑥ Will fall to the ground: always fall to the ground. ⑦ Wei Zhi: Feeling strange about this situation.

Weird, think? Weird, feel strange. The adjective here is used as a verb, and it is used in conative action. ⑧Look at: look at; observe ⑨Catch: wait until, and.

⑩艉锵: Describes the way a cat jumps to catch. ⑾Ran: Like this.

⑿ means: yes. Translation: There was a scholar in Dong'an who was good at painting. He made a painting of a mouse and dedicated it to the county magistrate.

The county magistrate did not know how to take care of it at first and hung the painting on the wall casually. Every morning when I walk past the place where the paintings are hung, the rat painting always falls to the ground. It has been hung up many times and fallen to the ground many times.

The county magistrate felt strange about this situation. One day at dawn, the county magistrate got up to inspect the painting and found that the painting had fallen to the ground and a cat was squatting next to the painting.

When the magistrate picked up the painting, the cat jumped up and chased the rat painting. The county magistrate used this painting to test other cats, and none of them turned out to be like this.

Only then did I realize that this rat painting was very realistic and worthy of cherishing. Chapter 4: Empress Xiaozhuangwen, surnamed Borjigit, was the mulberry daughter of Horqinbeile Village and nephew of Empress Xiaoduan.

Come back in February of the tenth year of destiny. In the first year of Chongde, she was granted the title of Concubine Zhuang of Yongfu Palace; in the first month of the third year of Jiawu, Shizu was born.

Shizu ascended the throne and was honored as the empress dowager. In February of the thirteenth year of Shunzhi, the Empress Dowager lived a long life, and she composed thirty poems for her dedication.

The Holy Ancestor ascended the throne and was honored as the Empress Dowager. In the 11th year of Kangxi's reign, I was lucky enough to have a hot spring in Chicheng. I passed through the Chang'an Mountains, got on and off my horse and supported the chariot, and then got on my horse to follow the Tandao Road.

Returning to Duling Mountain, it was raining heavily, but I still dismounted my horse to help the chariot.

The Queen Mother ordered the cavalry to follow, but they were not allowed to go up. Instead, they rode down to the ridge and rode beside the chariot.

Wu Sangui was in chaos and used troops for many years. The Queen Mother wanted to reward the soldiers for their hard work, so she rewarded them with gold and silk from the palace. When she heard that there were unforeseen disasters in various provinces, she often sent money to provide relief. Burni rebelled and the army marched north. The Queen Mother warned the army not to take captives because her concubine from Cining Palace had lived in Chahar for more than ninety years.

The story of the early days of the Kingdom: The concubine, the king, Beile Fujin, Beizi, and the princess all ordered their wives to serve more frequently. When the Queen Mother arrived, she ordered him to stop.

The palace maintains the ancestral system and does not keep Han women. If the Queen Mother does not intervene in the government affairs, the court will depose her, and she will take action only after reporting to the superiors.

Chang Mian said: "The ancestors rode and shot to open the foundation, and the military preparedness was irreversible; the people were employed in administration, and they were respectful to the sky, and they acted in vain to make public decisions." He also wrote a book to give a warning, saying: "In ancient times, it was called Jun Difficulty. , the people are all here, and the emperor is here to give birth and nurture them, and to guide them all.

You must think deeply about the way to win the country, so that the world can reach Kangfu, and it will last forever, but you are still alive. He is generous and kind, gentle and respectful, cautious and dignified, careful in what he says, and diligent in his work day and night, so as to inherit the legacy of his ancestors, so that he will not feel guilty in his heart! When Luohetun heard that the Queen Mother was not hesitant, she immediately returned to the capital.

The Queen Mother is ill. In September of the twenty-sixth year, the Queen Mother's illness returned and she was watched day and night.

In December, pray to the Temple of Heaven. Please reduce the number to benefit the Queen Mother. When I read the blessing, I cried, and all the kings and ministers who accompanied the sacrifice wept.

Ji passed away at the age of seventy-five. I mourned and wanted to stay in the palace for twenty-seven months. The king and ministers repeatedly asked me to comply with the imperial edict, and they changed the day and month, and then I followed it.

(Excerpt from "Manuscript of the History of the Qing Dynasty: The Biography of Empress Xiaozhuangwen") 8. Among the following sets of sentences, the one with the same meaning and usage of the dotted words is ① Thirty poems were made in dedication to A.

②Please reduce the calculation to benefit the Queen Mother. ①Xialing rode on horseback next to the chariot. ② This is the art of benevolence. Seeing the cow but not the sheep ① In ancient times, it was called Jun Difficulty.

②Don’t move lightly for me ①Settle down near the Xiaoling Mausoleum. ② Green comes from blue and green comes from blue Analysis: A.

"Yi": a conjunction indicating purpose, which can be translated as "来". B.

"Nai": 1. Talent; 2. Yes. C.

"For": ① do; ② for. D.

"Yu": ① in; ② than. Answer: A9.

Kangxi once praised his grandmother with full enthusiasm and said: "Without my grandmother, the Empress Dowager, we would never be able to be established today (alluding to the achievements of the Qing Dynasty)." The following sentences are compiled as follows: There are four groups, all of which express Empress Xiaozhuang Wen’s help to two generations of emperors. The group is ① Composed thirty poems to dedicate ② In memory of the soldiers’ hard work, she was rewarded with gold and silk from the palace ③ Warned the teacher not to take prisoners ④ The imperial court has deposed officials, and the superiors will complain more and then proceed. ⑤ Try to encourage the superiors. ⑥ The superiors mourn and want to remain in the palace for twenty-seven months.

①②⑥B. ①④⑤C.

②③⑤D. ③④⑥ Analysis: Exclude ①⑥.

Answer: C10. One of the following statements that does not conform to the meaning of the original text is A.

Empress Xiaozhuangwen is the daughter of Horqin Beile Zhaisang and the niece of Empress Xiaoduan. After Shunzhi, the founder of the Qing Dynasty, came to the throne, she was revered as Queen. 2. Ancient Chinese practice helps me find 10 original texts and inspirations for ancient Chinese, thank you

(1) Wen Zhengming's calligraphy of "Shulin Chronicles" The original text of "The Thousand-Character Classic" was written by Wen Zhengming, and the number of copies was ten per day. , the book then made great progress.

I have been reading books all my life, and I have never been content with answering people's simple letters. Translation: Wen Zhengming supervised the writing of "Wen Wen", writing ten copies a day as a standard, and his calligraphy improved rapidly.

He has never been careless about writing in his life. Sometimes when someone replies to a letter and it's a little bit incomplete, I must rewrite it over and over again without fear of trouble.

Therefore, his calligraphy becomes more exquisite and beautiful as he gets older. Reading training 1.

Explain the underlined words in the following sentences: ① Shu Sui made great progress ② He was born in books ③ Wen Zhengming wrote "The Thousand Character Essay" ④ Or answer someone's brief notes 2. Translate "If you don't take care of yourself, you will never get tired of changing it again and again" into modern Chinese.

Translation 3. Summarize the core of this passage in one sentence.

Answer: (2) Xue Tan Xueyue. Original text. Qin Qingfu stopped, walking on the outskirts of the road in farewell, Fujie's tragic song, the sound vibrated the trees, and the sound stopped the moving clouds.

Xue Tan was determined to rebel and never dared to return home. Translation: Xue Tan learned singing from Qin Qing. Before he finished learning Qin Qing's skills, he thought he had finished learning, so he left and went home.

Qin Qing did not dissuade him, but bid farewell to him on the road outside the city. Qin Qing beat the beat and sang a sad song. The song vibrated the trees, and the sound stopped the moving clouds.

Xue Tan then apologized to Qin Qing and asked to come back to continue studying. From then on, he never dared to say that he wanted to go home again.

Reading training 1. Explain the meaning of the following highlighted words in the text.

① Qin Qingfu stopped. ②The sound stops the moving clouds.

2. In each of the following sentences, add some usage and meaning. The incorrect judgment is ( ) A.

① is the same as ②, ③ is different from ④ B. ① is different from ②, ③ is the same as ④ C.

① is the same as ②, ③ and ④ are also the same D. ① is different from ②, and ③ is different from ④ 3.

Translation: Tan Nai seeks rebellion under high pressure. Translation: 4.

What inspiration does this story give you? Answer: 5. Is there anything redeemable about Xue Tan? If so, what is it? Answer: (3) Fan Zhongyan aspired to the world. Original text Fan Zhongyan was orphaned at the age of two, and his family was poor and helpless.

He rarely has great ambitions. He always takes the world as his own responsibility and studies hard. Or he is lazy at night and often feeds his noodles with water. He eats porridge while reading without food. ‖Since he was an official, he always spoke generously about world affairs without caring about his own life.

He was even slandered and demoted, and was relegated to Dengzhou by participating in political affairs. ‖Zhong Yan worked hard and worked hard, but his diet was not heavy on meat. His wife only had enough food and clothing.

He often recited to himself: "A scholar should worry about the world's worries first, and rejoice after the world's happiness." Translation Fan Zhongyan lost his father when he was two years old, and his family was poor and helpless.

He had great ambitions when he was young and often washed his head and face with cold water. I often couldn't even eat, so I ate porridge and kept studying.

After becoming an official, he often talked about world affairs, regardless of his own safety. So much so that some people were demoted for speaking ill of him, and were demoted from being the governor of Dengzhou to being the governor of Dengzhou.

Fan Zhongyan trained himself hard and did not eat much meat. He only provided food and clothing for his wife and children by himself. He often recited two sentences from his works: "A scholar should worry before the world is worried, and be happy after the world is happy.

" Reading training 1. Pronounce and explain the underlined words in the following sentences.

① Eating porridge and pronouncing it Pronunciation: Meaning: ② Feeding noodles with water Pronunciation: Meaning: ③ Not giving food to people Pronunciation: Meaning: ④ Even being slandered and humiliated Pronunciation: Meaning: 2. The correct translation of "Every person takes the world as his own responsibility" is ( ) A.

Take world affairs as your own responsibility every day. B.

Often regard managing national affairs as their due responsibility. C.

Often regard world affairs as their own duties. D.

Take managing national affairs as your due responsibility every day. 3.

The following sentences are translated into modern Chinese. ① Or the wife is lazy at night and often feeds herself with water: ② The wife only has enough food and clothing: 4.

The levels of this text have been marked in the text. Please briefly summarize the meaning of the levels. ① ② ③ 5.

"Be worried about the world's worries first, and be happy after the world's happiness" is a famous sentence in "Yueyang Tower" written by Fan Zhongyan. Like that article, this sentence plays an important role in this article.

(4) Sima Guang was fond of learning, "Records of the Words and Deeds of Famous Officials of the Three Dynasties". Original text: When Sima Wen Gong was a child, he was not as good as others in asking questions when he was in trouble. end.

Those who exert more force will achieve farther, and those who recite it carefully will never forget it throughout their lives. Duke Wen once said: "You can't fail to recite the book. You can gain a lot by chanting the text and thinking about its meaning while riding a horse or staying awake at night."

Translation When Sima Guang was young, he was worried about memorizing Poems and books are not as good as others in their ability to prepare responses. Everyone studied and discussed together. The other brothers had already learned how to recite and went to play and rest. (Sima Guangque) studied hard alone, as focused and hard as Dong Zhongshu and Confucius when they were studying, until they could recite skillfully. (Because) The more effort you put into reading now, the more lasting the rewards will be. The books he has read and recited intensively will be remembered throughout his life.

Sima Guang once said: "You cannot read without memorizing. When riding a horse or walking, or when you can't sleep in the middle of the night, you can recite the article you have read and think about its meaning, and you will gain a lot!" Reading training 1. Explain the highlighted words in the following sentences.

① Asking questions about suffering is not as good as others ② It will stop if you can recite it twice ③ It will stop if you can recite it twice ④ Chant its text 2. One item that is different from the usage of "double" in "You can recite it twice is to stop" is ( ) A.

Only humiliated at the hands of slaves B. Talent and beauty cannot be seen externally C.

All the guests stretched their necks and looked sideways. There is a good ventriloquist in Beijing 3.

The sentence summarizing the main idea in this article is: ( ) A. The one who exerts more force will get farther.

B. What he masters is something he will never forget.

C. The book must be recited.

D. If you chant its words and think about its meaning, you will gain a lot.

4. In the article, "The curtain is drawn alone and the compilation is completed" means that only Sima Guang studied hard on his own.

We have learned a similar idiom that also describes diligent study. This idiom is (5) Ouyang Xiu studied "The Deeds of Ouyang Gong". Original text Ouyang Gong was orphaned at the age of four, and his family was poor and had no resources. The lady painted the ground with grass and taught calligraphy.

Recite more ancient passages. It was a little longer, and there was no book to read at home, so the scholars in Luli borrowed it to read it, or copied it.

To the point where he forgets to sleep and eat day and night, but reading is his only priority. He has written poems and texts since he was a child, and he has written like an adult.

Translation Mr. Ouyang Xiu's father passed away when he was four years old. His family was poor and had no money for him to study. The wife used reed stalks to draw pictures on the sand and taught him to write.

He also taught him to recite many passages from ancient times. When he got older, there were no books to read at home, so he started reading. 3. Ask for six classical Chinese essays. The shorter the answer, the better.

People in Zheng who want to buy shoes should first satisfy themselves and then sit on them.

Go to the market and forget to operate it. Having already obtained it, he said: "I forgot to keep it."

Instead, he returned to take it. When he rebelled, he was dismissed from the market and could not carry out his duties.

People said: "Why not give it a try?" He said: "It is better to have faith than to have self-confidence." 1.

Translate sentences. ① A man from Zheng wants to buy shoes: ② The first son holds his feet: ③ He sits on them: 3.

What does Zheng Ren’s shopping for shoes tell us? 4. The word zigzag is explained in the text.

① Set it and sit on it ( ) ② Arrive at the market ( ) ③ And forget to do it ( ) ④ Go back and get it ( ) ⑤ Why not try it to suffice ( ) Those who are crowned kings, Zhuji people. When he was seven or eight years old, his father ordered him to herd cattle on the mountain, sneak into the school building, and listen to the students reciting books. After listening, he memorized them silently.

When he returns home in the evening, he forgets his cows, or brings them to plow the fields, but his father angrily scolds them. It's back to its original state.

The mother said: "My son is so crazy, why won't he listen to what he does? Mian Yin left and lived in a monk's temple. At night, he went out and sat on the Buddha's lap, held the policy and illuminated the long bright lamp and read it, and the sound was loud and clear.

The Buddha statues are made of clay, and they are ferocious and terrifying;

Explanation with added braille ① Stealing from the school: ( ) ② Remembering silently ( ) ③ The child is so crazy ( ) ④ Tianruo can’t see Tian ⑤ The father is angry and angry ( ) ⑥ Don’t listen to him What you do ( ) 2. Translated sentences: ① The King Mian, all the people of Ji ( ) ② Sneak out at night and sit on the Buddha's lap, hold the policy and reflect the long bright lantern and read it ( ) 3.

The reason why Wang Mian became a painter? ( ) Those who are born in the north and do not know water chestnuts will serve as officials in the south and eat water chestnuts while sitting on the table. Or he said: "The shell must be removed to eat water chestnuts."

The person was self-conscious and said: "I don't know, but the shell is used to remove the heat." The questioner said: "Beitu Is there such a thing?" He replied: "There are mountains in the front and mountains in the back, there is no place like that!" Fuling is born in water and is said to be a native product. I don't know how to know it.

1. Add punctuation to the explanation: ① Eat water chestnuts on a table, eat ( ) ② If you want to use it to remove heat, go ( ) 2.

Translate sentences word for word. Fuling is born in water and is said to be produced by local people. If you sit strong, you don't know how to know.

( ) Read this article and tell me what you think about the Northerners’ “strong ignorance and ignorance” ( ) There was a Chu people who was wading into the river. His sword fell from the boat into the water, and he suddenly broke into the boat, saying : "This is where my sword fell." The boat stopped and entered the water to find the one it was attached to.

The boat has moved, but the sword cannot move. Isn’t it confusing to ask for a sword like this? 1. Add punctuation to the explanation.

His sword fell from the boat into the water. From ( ) is where my sword fell from ( ) 2. The translation sentence is: The boat has moved, but the sword cannot. Isn't it confusing to ask for a sword like this? ( ) In terms of expression, the first two sentences in the optional question are ( ) and the last sentence is ( ).

5. What descriptive methods are used to describe the people of Chu in the article? What characteristics does it highlight? ( )6.

What is this fable called? What did he mean? If a person from Zheng wants to buy a shoe, he should first hold it to his feet and then sit on it. Go to the market and forget to operate it.

Having gained the opportunity, he said: "I forgot to uphold the measure." Instead, he returned to take it.

If he rebels, the market will be closed and he will not be able to perform. People said: "Why not give it a try?" He said: "It is better to have faith than to have self-confidence."

1. Translate sentences.

① A man from Zheng wants to buy shoes: ② The first son holds his feet: ③ He sits on them: 3. What does Zheng people’s shopping for shoes tell us? 4.

Explanation of the word zigzag in the text. ① And set it to sit ( ) ② When it reaches the market ( ) ③ And forgets to do it ( ) ④ Returns to get it ( ) ⑤ Why not try it to suffice ( ) Those who are crowned kings, Zhuji people.

When he was seven or eight years old, his father ordered him to herd cattle on the mountain, sneak into the school building, and listen to the students reciting books. After listening, he memorized them silently. When he returns home in the evening, he forgets his cows, or brings them to plow the fields, but his father angrily scolds them.

It’s as good as before. The mother said: "My son is so crazy, why won't he listen to what he does? Mian Yin went away and lived in a monk's temple.

He went out at night and sat on the Buddha's lap, held the policy and illuminated the long bright lamp and read it, and the sound was loud and clear. There are many earthen statues of Buddha, and they are ferocious and frightening. They look at the children and are so calm.

1. Explanation: ① Stealing from school: ( ) ② Remembering silently ( ) ③ The child is so crazy ( ) ④ If Tian is not seen, ⑤ The father is angry ( ) ⑥ He does not listen to what he does ( ) 2.

Translated sentences ① Wang Mian, all Ji people ( ) ② Sneak out and sit on the Buddha at night. On his lap, he held the policy and read the lamp ( ) 3. The reason why Wang Mian became a painter? ( ) Those who were born in the north and did not know the water chestnuts lived in the south and ate water chestnuts at the table.

Or say: "Tao Ling must be shelled. The man defended his own shortcomings and said: "I don't know, but I want to remove the heat from the shell." "

The questioner asked: "Is there such a thing in the northern soil? "The answer is: "There are mountains in front and mountains in back, how can there be no such thing!" "Fu Ling is born in water and is said to be a local product. This is because I don't know how to sit on it. 1.

Add punctuation to the explanation ① Eat Ling on the mat ( ) ② If you want to use it to remove the heat, you will go away ( ) 2. Translated sentences Words.

Fu Ling is born in water and is said to be a local product. This sitting force does not know how to know.

( ) Read this article and tell me what you think about the northerners’ “strongness that they don’t know and they think they know” ( ) There was a man from Chu who was wading in the river. His sword fell from his boat into the water, and he suddenly broke into the boat and said: "This is where my sword is." From the fall.

"The boat stopped, and the person it was bound to entered the water to find it." The boat has moved, but the sword cannot move. Isn't it confusing to ask for a sword like this? 1.

Add braille to the explanation. His sword fell from the boat into the water. From ( ) is where my sword fell from ( ) 2.

Translate the sentence: The boat has moved, but the sword cannot. Isn’t it confusing to ask for a sword like this? ( ) In terms of expression, the first two sentences in the optional question are ( ) and the last sentence is ( ). 5.

What descriptive methods are used to describe the Chu people in the article? What characteristics does it highlight? ( )6. What is this fable called? What did he mean? 1. 1 ① There was a man in Zheng who wanted to buy shoes.

②Measure your feet first. ③Then put the ruler on his seat.

3. Don’t stick to old rules and act according to dogma. Be flexible and get rid of the shackles of decadent ideas. 4 ① Pronoun, refers to the ruler; ② Go to...; ③ Pronoun, refers to the ruler; ④ Pronoun, refers to the ruler; ⑤ Pronoun, refers to shoes.

2. 1 ①Steal: Secretly; ②Zou: Just; ③Crazy: Describes being extremely obsessed with something; ④Tian: Calm; ⑤Tat: Beat with a whip. ⑥曷: Same as "he", how, why.

2 ①Wang Mian is from Zhuji County. ② At night, Wang Mian came out secretly, sat on the knees of the Buddha, holding a book and reading by the light of the lamp in front of the Buddha.

3 Be hard-working and study diligently. 3. 1 ① Eat: eat.

②Out: expel. 2. Water chestnuts grow in water, but he said they were born in soil. This is something he does not know but he claims to know.

3. Instead of humbly asking for advice on things that you don’t understand, you brag that you know them. The result is a joke, which fully reflects the ignorance of this northerner. (Other answers are reasonable) 4. 1 ①Since: From.

②Yes: This. 2 The ship has moved forward, but the sword cannot move forward.

Isn’t it foolish to look for a sword like this? 3 notes. 4. How to download exercises from Baidu Wenku

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