Seeking the translation of Zhao Wuling Wang Khufu Riding and Shooting

King Wuling of Zhao lives alone in his spare time on weekdays, and Fei Yi sits beside him and asks, "Does your majesty consider the changes of current events, weigh the rational use of troops, think about the brilliant exploits of Tong Zi and Di, and figure out how to benefit from Hu and Di?"

King Wuling of Zhao replied: "it is a principle that a king should follow to inherit the throne and never forget the merits and demerits of his ancestors;" Loyal to the monarch, loyal to the strengths and achievements of Everbright monarch, this is the duty of being a courtier. Therefore, wise kings should educate ordinary people to make contributions to the country in peacetime and strive to build meritorious deeds in the future in wartime. As courtiers, when frustrated, we should keep respecting the modesty and concession of our elders, and when prominent, we should do something beneficial to the people and the king. These two aspects are due responsibilities as kings and vassals. Now I want to inherit my career and develop the place where Hu and Zhai live, but I'm worried that no one will understand my intention all my life. The enemy's strength is weak, and if we pay little, we will achieve great results. Don't make the people tired, they get the merits like Jian Zi and Xiangzi. People who have made great contributions to the world are bound to be accused by some secular villains; And people with original ideas are bound to arouse everyone's disgust. Now I'm going to wear Hu fu to teach people to practice riding and shooting, so that some people in China will criticize me. "

Fei Yi said: "I heard that it is impossible to succeed if you hesitate, and I am worried that my behavior will soon never be famous. Now that your majesty has made up his mind to abandon secular prejudice, he must not worry about criticism from all over the world. Anyone who pursues the highest morality will not agree with the opinions of the laity; People who achieve great things will not discuss with others. Once upon a time, Shun and Miao (an ancient southern tribe) danced, and Yu walked naked into a tribe that didn't know how to wear clothes. They don't want to indulge their passions and seek pleasure, but want to carry forward morality, establish achievements and seek fame. Stupid people can't understand things after they happen, but smart people can notice them before they happen. Your majesty, you'd better put it into practice immediately according to your idea. "

King Wuling of Zhao said, "I'm not worried about' riding and shooting in Hu clothes'. I'm afraid everyone in the world will laugh at me. What crazy people feel happy, rational people will feel sad; Fools are happy, but wise men are worried. If all China people support me, then the effect of replacing Khufu is immeasurable. Even if everyone laughs at me, I will definitely get the position of Beihu people and Zhongshan country. "

King Wuling of Zhao changed into the clothes of the conference semifinals. Wuling Wang sent Wang Sun? You go and tell your son what he means, and say, "I've changed a Hu suit and I'm going to wear it to court." I hope that Uncle Wang will also put on Hu Fu. " There has been such an understanding since ancient times that you should obey your parents at home and the king in court. Children can't disobey their parents, courtiers can't resist the king. This is the general rule set by my late king. Now I have ordered to change to Khufu. If you don't wear it, Uncle Wang is afraid that people all over the world will talk about it. Governing the country should have certain principles, but it should be based on benefiting the people; There are certain rules for dealing with political affairs, but the first thing is that government decrees can be implemented smoothly. Therefore, in order to improve the moral administration of the court, we must consider the interests of the people. If we want to be in charge of the state power, we must first make the nobles accept your orders. Now, the purpose of my change to Khufu is not to indulge myself and enjoy myself. Once things start, there is a foundation for success, and political achievements can only be revealed after things are successful. Now I'm worried that Uncle Wang will violate political principles and even encourage nobles to criticize me. Besides, I heard that as long as what you do is good for your country, you don't have to worry about what others say. If you rely on nobles to do things, you won't be criticized. So I hope to rely on Wang Shu's prestige to promote the success of the battle to Khufu. I sent Wang Sun? I came to tell you that I hope you can wear Hu fu, too. "

Cheng Gong thanked him again and again and said, "I have heard about the change of the King of Qi to Khufu for a long time, but I am ill in bed and can't move easily, so I can't go to see the King of Qi as soon as possible and state my opinion face to face. Now, your majesty, since you have informed me, I should boldly do my bit of loyalty. It is said that the Central Plains is a place where smart and far-sighted people live, where all kinds of materials and wealth gather, where sages educate people, where morality, politics, benevolence and righteousness are widely practiced, where poetry, books, rites and music are read through, where all kinds of skillful techniques are displayed, where governors from all over the world visit thousands of miles, and where backward ethnic minorities from all directions follow suit. Now the king abandons these excellent cultures and follows the costumes of backward tribes. This is to change the traditional way of education, update the ancient moral standards, and go against everyone's wishes, so as to make learners deviate from Wang Zhidao and abandon the advanced culture of the Central Plains. I hope your majesty will seriously consider this matter. "

Wang Sun? Report the success of your son to King Wuling of Zhao. King Wuling said, "I knew Uncle Wang was against it." So I immediately went to the son to get married and personally explained my point of view to him: "Generally speaking, clothes are for convenience and etiquette is for convenience. Therefore, it is good for the people and the country for the sages to observe local customs and then formulate corresponding measures and formulate etiquette laws according to specific conditions. It is the custom of European and Vietnamese people to cut off their hair, tattoo their bodies, stand with their arms crossed and their skirts covered to the left. It is the custom of the State of Wu to dye one's teeth black, carve a picture on one's forehead, wear a fishskin hat, and wear clothes with thick seams. Etiquette and dress are different, but it is the same for the country and the people. So in different places, the utensils used are different, the situation is different, and the etiquette used has also changed. Therefore, the sage monarch only formulated policies beneficial to the people, but did not unify the use of his utensils; If the action is convenient, the etiquette system can be completely different.

Although Confucian scholars all learn from the same teacher, the etiquette handed down is different; The customs of the Central Plains are the same, but the politics and religions of different countries are different, not to mention being located in remote mountainous areas. Shouldn't we consider doing things cheaply? Therefore, the choice of manners and etiquette is changeable, and even smart people can't unify it; Even sages and monarchs find it difficult to keep the dress styles in different regions consistent. People in remote places are few and strange. Ignorant people like to argue, don't doubt unfamiliar things easily, and don't criticize opinions different from their own. This is the attitude of selfless pursuit of truth. Uncle Wang, what you are talking about now is your opinion on adapting to customs. I'm talking about how to change old traditions. At present, there are the Yellow River and Zhangshui in the east of China, which are bounded by Qi and Zhongshan, but there are no warships to defend them. From Changshan to Dai Jun and Shangdang County, it borders Yan State and East Lake in the east and Loufan, Qin State and South Korea in the west, but we have no cavalry to defend it. So I'm going to build warships, recruit residents who are used to fighting on water, and let them defend the Yellow River and Zhangshui. Put on Hu fu, practice riding and shooting, and defend the border with Yan, Donghu, Loufan, Qin and South Korea. In the past, Jianzi did not confine himself to Jinyang and Shangdang, but Xiangzi merged Rongzu and Daixian to resist the Hu people. Both fools and wise people understand these truths. In the past, Sun Yat-sen relied on the support of the powerful Qi army to invade and plunder our land, plunder and imprison our people, and divert water to irrigate our cities. If it weren't for the blessings of ancestors and gods, our city would almost be breached. The late king was very angry about this, and to this day, their revenge has not been reported. Now we pursue the policy of "riding and shooting angrily", and from a short distance, we can guard Shangdang, a dangerous place; From a distance, it can repay the hatred of the invasion of the former king of Zhongshan. But, Uncle Wang, you must follow the old customs of the Central Plains, go against the wishes of Jane and Xiangzi, hate the practice of changing clothes, and forget the humiliation suffered by the country. This is by no means what I expect you to do! "

Hearing this, Gongzi apologized to King Wuling and paid tribute to him. He said, "I was so stupid that I didn't realize the king's good intentions, so I took the liberty to say something secular." Now the king wants to inherit Jane and Xiangzi's wishes and realize the wishes of his predecessor. How dare I disobey orders! " Gong Zicheng made two more bows. So King Wuling of Zhao gave him Hu clothes.

Zhao Wen advised King Wuling: "Farmers are diligent in raising gentlemen, which is the foundation of governing the country; Fools express their opinions and wise men make decisions, which is the way to deal with problems; It is the blessing of the country that courtiers do not hide their views and kings do not block their words. Although I am stupid, I still hope to be as loyal as I can. "

King Wuling said: "People who think of others should not be too demanding. He who tries his best to be loyal can't blame his mistakes. Say it out loud. " Zhao Wen said: "it has been the law since ancient times to conform to the current situation and local folk customs;" Clothes have a certain style, which is the rule of etiquette; It is the duty of ordinary people to obey the law and not make mistakes. These three aspects were taught by ancient sages. Now your majesty has abandoned all this, put on the clothes of distant conference semifinals, changed the ancient education and changed the ancient constitution. I hope your majesty will seriously consider it. "

Wu Wangling said, "What you said is just a secular view. Ordinary people just indulge in secular habits, while bookworms always stick to what is in books. These two kinds of people can only abide by their duties and laws, and can't work with them for a long time to establish a pioneering cause. Moreover, although the costumes of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties are different, they can unify the whole country. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the five tyrants were different in politics and religion, but they all managed the country well. Wise men make laws, fools are bound by them; Wise men reform customs, fools stick to old customs. Therefore, those who are restricted by secular etiquette do not need to exchange ideas with them; There is no need to explain your intentions to those who stick to the rules. Therefore, customs change with the times, and the unity of etiquette and this changed custom is the fundamental principle for saints to govern the country! It is an unshirkable responsibility for ordinary people to act immediately after receiving state decrees, abide by the legal system and abandon personal selfish thoughts. A truly learned person will listen to opinions and change his point of view. A truly learned person will change with the times. Therefore, people who think for themselves will not take care of others. If you want to change the status quo, you can't completely imitate the ancient times. You can rest assured! "

Zhao Zao also went to remonstrate with King Wuling of Zhao. He said: "not trying to be loyal, knowing without speaking, is the same behavior as traitors;" Deceiving the monarch for personal gain is harmful to the country. Those who commit adultery are sentenced to death, and those who endanger the country are exterminated. These two points are the criminal laws formulated by the ancient holy king, and they are also the most serious crimes committed by people who are courtiers. Although I am stupid, I hope to be faithful and never escape death. " King Wuling said, "Speak your mind without reservation or concealment. This is a loyal minister; Don't block the way of talking, and accept opinions with an open mind. This is called knowing the Lord. Loyal ministers are not afraid of difficulties and dangers, and the sage does not refuse to express his opinions. Just say it! "

Zhao Zao said: "I have heard that sages educate people without changing customs, and wise men govern the country without changing customs." According to public opinion education, we can achieve results without much effort; Governing by custom is simple and convenient, and it is easy to see the effect when doing it. Now, your majesty, you have changed your original dress, not according to the custom, regardless of the world's discussion, but wearing Hu clothes. This is not the way to educate people according to etiquette rules. Moreover, wearing strange clothes will make people's minds wrong, and strange customs will disturb people's hearts. Therefore, the monarch should not accept strange clothes, and the people of the Central Plains should not imitate the lifestyle of barbarians. This is not the way to educate people according to etiquette requirements. Moreover, following the previous laws and regulations will not make mistakes, and acting according to the old etiquette will not give birth to evil thoughts. I hope your majesty will seriously consider this matter. "King Wu Ling said," Since ancient times, customs are different. When should we follow suit? "? The emperor's etiquette is not passed down from generation to generation. Whose etiquette should we follow? Fuxi and Shennong only educated the people, not killed them; Although Huangdi, Yao and Shun had the death penalty, they didn't even punish their wives and children. In Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, when the holy king came, he observed the situation at that time, established the legal system and formulated customs according to the specific situation. Laws and regulations keep pace with the times and clothes are easy to use. Therefore, there is no need to take the same road of governing the country. As long as it is beneficial to the country, it is not necessary to imitate the ancient times. The emergence of saints does not rule the world because of mutual inheritance; The decline and fall of Xia Dynasty and Yin Dynasty will not be destroyed by the change of etiquette. In this way, if you don't follow the ancient law, you don't have to be reprimanded, and being conservative and vulgar may not be commendable. Besides, if strange clothes will make people misunderstand, then Zou Guo and Lu Guo, who abide by etiquette the most, will not have eccentric people; If eccentric customs will make people worse, there will be no outstanding talents in wuyue. Therefore, saints call what is convenient to dress and what is convenient to do enlightenment. Some etiquette and dress rules in behavior are only used to make ordinary people agree, not to measure their wisdom. Therefore, intelligent people can adapt to any custom, and talented people can keep up with the changes of the times. There is a saying:' people who follow the book can't play the practical ability of horses; Governing today's country with ancient etiquette is not in line with the reality of today's society. Therefore, it is impossible to surpass the achievements established by following the existing system, and it is impossible to imitate the practices of the ancients to govern the present country. You'd better not object. "