I would like to know the full text of "Zhu Xi's Maxims on Family Governance" and the relevant historical background.

Explanation: The motto of family management is the family motto, so there must be no suspicion of misrepresenting the world. It is necessary to guide children and grandchildren on the right path and point out the truth, goodness and beauty; it must also be practical and practical, and not empty and empty; therefore, family mottos are the most approachable. When thinking about how to deal with others, you can start here. Moreover, the characteristic of this book is that it has both theoretical and practical aspects. Reading the full text, it is like seeing the author's daily life, which plays the role of "teaching by example". Family education, teaching by words and deeds. That is to say, theory should be combined with practice! The function of learning is to extract the essence and discard the dross. The original text is as follows, with a brief explanation for your reference. (--Gu Pin 2000.02.13)

Get up at dawn and sweep the courtyard to make it clean inside and outside. (According to my experience, the first sentences of ancient Chinese culture have extremely profound meanings, and are not just randomly placed at the beginning. Such as "The Analects", "Laozi", "The Book of Changes", "Mencius" ", "The Book of Songs", etc., I have specially analyzed it, and the meaning is very profound beyond the literal meaning. I sighed: "The first sentence of all the sages of ancient and modern times has a profound meaning. If you can memorize it and practice it, You will definitely gain real benefits in your life." There is no need to list them all here, but I often think that Chinese people must understand their own traditional culture. At the very least, they must read the above books. If they cannot do it yet, they must at least know them. The first sentence and its profound meaning. The so-called "outline and grasp the lead" and "cut out the lead and make everything smooth" will definitely get real benefits.

The first sentence here talks about getting up early. Be tidy. Have our parents taught us this since we were young, but we are afraid that people will regard it as a commonplace and no longer pay attention to it?

As the saying goes: "Get up early and get up early, get up late and panic." The primary school textbook said that Lu Xun carved the word "morning" on the desk. If you are late, you will cause a lot of unnecessary trouble. "Zengguang Xianwen" said "First. When you arrive, you are the king, and when you arrive later, you are the minister. Don’t forget that if you go early, there will be more early people." To tell a joke, when you catch a bus, the one who arrives first will have a seat, so you will have a seat! If you arrive, there will be no seats. If you don't have a seat, you have to wait. However, it's not early for you to get there. What does it mean that if you want to get a good seat, you have to rush early. If drivers and flight attendants want to do well in business, they must be early! In this era of competition, we are even more required to be diligent. Korean entrepreneur Kim Woo-jung said in the book: "Statistics show that there is a surplus of 250,000 senior talents in South Korea every year. , another 250,000 people cannot find a job even though they have graduated from college. "It is also difficult for Japanese college students to find jobs after graduation. There are a large number of "kangaroo families" in France where the children have grown up and cannot leave their parents after graduating from college because they cannot find jobs. To work. Therefore, in this era of competition, we must be diligent and early.

These are both professional and theoretical, and many people in ancient and modern times have profound discussions. "Books from the Family" says: "The air in the morning is the best. If you keep your bedroom closed all night long, the turbid air will fill up. When you take a breath of fresh air, your spirit will feel refreshed and all diseases will be eliminated." From the perspective of home economics, the "Books from the Family of Zeng Guofan" says: "Yan Qi is the evil virtue of prodigal" "Ruling a family is based on not Yan Qi" "The first thing is to get up early, and the second thing is to be persistent." The Roman philosopher Seneca said: "Our life is not. "Short, short life is what we make ourselves." That is to say, if we do not cherish time, life will be artificially shortened. It is a pity! Jin Yuzhong said: "There are only 24 hours in a day, which is equal to everyone. The difference It depends on how to use time. "Young people tend to forget the value of time because of their youth." "You can't waste time leisurely in pursuit of appearance."

Look at the practice of people in ancient and modern times. "Zeng Guofan's Family Letter" said. "I have inherited the sages from the past, and I will always be upright and correct, and I will not change it for two hundred years. According to legend, my great-great-grandfather got up early in the morning, and I saw both Jingxi Gong and Xinggang Gong getting up before dawn. They sat up for about an hour in the winter cold and did not see the light of day. My father, Mr. Zhuting, also got up at dawn. If he had something to do, he would not wait for dawn. "Get up early, get up at dawn, and don't fall in love after waking up." Li Zongwu, the originator of the Houhei School, talked about his family in his book. He also said that the family was in a good situation at that time and could afford many long-term workers, but his father got up early every day. Even in the winter, Li Hongzhang would wake up at 6 o'clock every morning and write 100 words in regular script only after he had finished a pack of cigarettes.

I have seen with my own eyes that many people especially love to sleep in. I hope you will think about what I said above.

About tidiness. How to understand? "Books from the Family of Zeng Guofan" says: "Brothers are not good at keeping things clean. This is a waste of the family. One generation is lazy and the second generation is promiscuous. Then there will inevitably be a period of sleeping day and night, and smoking opium." See the big from the small, and beware of the subtle changes! It cannot be seen without foresight. )

As soon as you feel faint, you will rest. If you lock the door, you must check it yourself. ("Zeng Guofan's Family Letter" says: "Not going out at night - you will be exhausted from work, so quit!" After a day's work, evening is a good time to strengthen study, recharge yourself, and prepare for challenges. Why go out? What about singing and dancing? As for entertainment, some things are inevitable and some things are unnecessary. What are the most precious resources in a person's life? Time, health and knowledge are both lost. I avoid things that are harmful to my health and not beneficial to my knowledge. For example, smoking, drinking, playing mahjong, and nightclubs are both harmful to my health and not beneficial to my knowledge. The same goes for many social activities. The husband said: "Even if what you want is an animal-like happiness, life will let you drink alcohol and be happy at the same time. It will hit you unexpectedly all the time." Proper arrangement of your spare time is the key to life. A kind of wisdom.) One porridge and one meal, when you think about it, it is not easy to get there. Half a thread and half a strand, Heng Nian is struggling with material resources. It is better to prepare before it rains and not to dig a well when thirsty.

You must be frugal in serving yourself, and do not linger over banquets. (Drink, and then stop. Don’t linger endlessly. It should be noted that after drinking, you will lose your temper, and extreme happiness will lead to sadness. If you stop drinking before you feel better after drinking to a certain height, some people, at the wine table, will be confused, or drunkenly crazy. Telling lies, crawling under the table, sometimes staying awake for several days, or even falling dead on the spot. On the spot or afterwards, they may leak secrets, make nice talk, drink and get into trouble, drive drunk, or get into fights, which are criminal offenses and endanger society. Stability. So, what does it mean to drink well? Not too much, definitely not too much.) The utensils are pure and earthenware is better than gold and jade. The diet is simple but refined, and the garden vegetables are the best. Do not build luxurious houses or seek fertile land. (Loving children does not necessarily mean leaving them a lot of property. If the child is not useful, the property will encourage his bad virtues, and the family property will be ruined sooner or later. If the child becomes useful, he will also rise in adversity. How many dandy children are there among those who have become successful in ancient and modern times? The next bit of necessary savings is okay. So, if you don’t leave all the family property to future generations, how to arrange the remaining part? Just like Mr. Nan Huaijin’s sentiment of “giving back his works to the world and handing over his gardens to future generations” is too much. Are you stupid? Otherwise, you really don’t want to take your wealth with you. It’s a common mentality to leave your property to your children and grandchildren so that they can live a better life. Think about it, aren’t other people’s children and grandchildren your own children and grandchildren? They have plenty of food and clothing, but there are still some out-of-school children in the border areas who don't know how to acquire necessary knowledge and livelihood skills! Qiong Yao's new work "Returning the Princess" and its sequels have become popular all over the country. Qiong Yao said that the purpose of her creation is to love herself. The parents and children of others should also love the parents and children of others. She said: "In "Huan Zhu Princess", I emphasized the idea of ??"not only loving one's relatives, not only one's own children", so that people should not only love their own Parents and children should also love other people's parents and children, and love everyone in this society. This is the theme of "Huan Zhuge Ge". I feel that people are too alienated now, and individuals live their own lives. It's very selfish, but there are many people around us who deserve our care, so I think it's a good thing to bring out this human potential. I always hope that everyone can "turn violence into peace." I should promote the word "love"..." This is compassion! The world is a world where all sentient beings exist and prosper. When the spring breeze blows, one flower cannot dress up the entire spring. A hundred flowers blooming is the best. The garden is full of spring. Only if a drop of water is put into the ocean will it never dry up. Bill Gates, the world's richest man, has said publicly that he will only leave 10 million US dollars to each of his children after his death. Restored to society)

Three aunts and six wives are intermediaries for prostitutes and thieves. A beautiful maid and a charming concubine are not the blessings of a boudoir. Servants should not be handsome, and wives and concubines should not use colorful makeup. Although the ancestors are far away, the sacrifices must not be dishonest. No matter how stupid your descendants are, they must read the scriptures. Live in a simple and simple way, and teach your children in a righteous way. Don't be greedy for unexpected wealth, and don't drink too much wine.

Don’t take advantage when trading with Jian Tiao; when you see poor relatives and neighbors, you must be more compassionate. If you are mean and start a family, you will not be able to enjoy it for a long time. The morals are always bad; they will soon perish. (This is about being a loyal and honest person. Li Hongzhang once said: "If you are exposed to all the officials in the world, you will nourish a spring in your chest.")

If a generation of famous ministers is like this, we must be loyal and endure humiliation. ) Brothers, uncles and nephews must share more to benefit the widow. Both young and old, inside and outside, should be strict with the law. He who listens to his wife and behaves like his own flesh and blood is not a husband; he who cares about property but neglects his parents cannot be a good son. When you marry a daughter, choose a good son-in-law, and don’t ask for a high salary. When marrying a daughter-in-law, don’t consider a generous dowry. (When looking for a partner, don’t focus too much on money.)

It is most shameful to be slandered by wealth. There is nothing worse than being arrogant when faced with poverty. Avoid litigation at home, as litigation will lead to disaster; avoid talking too much in life, because talking too much will lead to mistakes. ("Zeng Guofan's Letters from the Family" says: "The way to look at people is to be ethical but not official, to be more logical and less eloquent." A person who talks about great principles may not necessarily have personally attained it. People only know it second-hand. Therefore, we should talk less and do more, and serve the people in a down-to-earth manner.) Do not rely on power to bully the orphans and widows, and do not covet food and drink without killing animals.

If you are eccentric, you will regret and make many mistakes. If you are lazy and willing to accept it, your family fortune will be difficult to achieve. If you have little intimacy, you will suffer from it for a long time. Qu Zhi is old and mature, but he can rely on each other when he is in a hurry. Listen carefully to what is said, be aware of the inhuman accusations, and be patient and think twice. When we fight over things, we should know that it is not our fault, and we must be calm about the secret thoughts.

Don’t think about giving favors, and don’t forget the favors received. You should leave room for everything, and you should not go back to where you are proud. When people are happy, they should not be jealous. When people are in trouble, they should not be happy. Seeking kindness is not true kindness. It is a great evil to fear that others will know it. If you see lust and have lustful thoughts, you will repay it to your wife and daughter. Hiding grudges and using hidden arrows will bring disaster to future generations.

The family is harmonious, and although the food and drinks are no longer good, there is still happiness. When the national classes are finished early, there will be no money left and I will be happy. When studying, one aspires to be a sage; when serving as an official, one aspires to the kingdom. Keep your peace and order, and listen to the weather. (1. "Books from the Family of Zeng Guofan":

"The planning of things depends on people, and the success of things depends on heaven; the achievements of ministers, the blessings of the country"

"Misfortune and blessings are determined by God, and good and evil are determined by God. There is nothing you can do if it is controlled by God, and if it is controlled by people, every point you get counts as a point, and every day counts as a day.” This is not idealism, but an acknowledgment of an unknown variable, which is called It is "Heaven". It is equivalent to the function y=f(x)+k, which is a more complex function. Another example is "The Collection of Famous Sages": "It is convenient for others, but it is convenient for yourself. But when you do good things, don't worry about the future." .

2. "Preface to Tengwang Pavilion" by Wang Bo of the Tang Dynasty:

"Oh! Bad luck, bad luck. Feng Tang Yi Lao, Li Guang is difficult to seal.

Qu Jiayi is not without a holy master in Changsha;

It is not clear that Liang Hong is in Haiqu.

It depends on the gentleman to be poor and know his fate.

When you are old and strong, you would rather move away from the white-headed heart?

Be poor and strong, and not have the ambition to fall into the blue clouds.

I feel refreshed when I drink from the greedy spring, and I still feel happy when I am in the dry road. .

Although Beihai is on credit, it can be taken over; the east end is gone, and it is not too late for Sangyu.

Meng Chang is noble and has the heart to serve the country;

Ruan. If you are arrogant, you will cry at the end of the road!) If you are like this, you are almost a common man.