Urgent. Help me briefly analyze the five female images written by Zhang Ailing. Then sum it up. Thank you. Good answer. Extra points.

Abstract: Zhang Ailing exposed the distorted women in feudal society with her sharp pen. Her two works, Gossip and Legend, express the denial of feudal autocratic society by revealing the images of women's hearts full of meanness, ignorance, ugliness and abnormality. With a unique female perspective, she mercilessly revealed and explored the internal causes of the tragic fate of women in feudal society.

[Keywords:] Ugly; Indifference; Unique perspective

【 China Library Classification Number 】 I06 【 Document Identification Number 】 A 【 Document Number 】1008-7656 (2007) 01-0069-04

Gossip and Legend are two collections of Zhang Ailing's works, which show the unique life form of women to readers. With the unique sensitivity of women, she feels the life of urban women and describes the fate of all kinds of women. Her pen, like a sharp scalpel, points directly at women's psychology, quietly reveals to the world the corners of women's hearts full of ignorance and deformity, thus showing the original ecology of women's loneliness, smallness and even lewdness, ugliness and helplessness. What is the reason why a woman writer slanders women so much and makes them so selfish, humble, ignorant, abnormal and materialistic? Someone once said: "It seems to exaggerate and vilify the female morality denied by men, just like whipping hard. In fact, it is to retreat and deliberately lower the voice of women to show the violence of male culture against women. " In my opinion, Zhang Ailing, with her unique female description mode, reveals the depressed situation of women under the patriarchal cultural tradition from two aspects of women's psychology and physiology, digs out her own chronic diseases and cultural roots from the deep psychological structure of women, and highlights women's life beliefs. This paper tries to discuss from Zhang Ailing's ugly portrayal of female images, indifferent tone and unique perspective.

The ugly depiction of 1

The portrayal of female images in Zhang Ailing's novels is dark, selfish, hypocritical, lonely and indifferent in the depths of human nature. Through Zhang Ailing's works, we have touched the evil side of human nature, the dark and ugly corner of human soul. The characters in Zhang Ailing's novels are pale and insignificant, without noble sentiments, kind hearts and simple and honest characters. They sink under the pressure of animal desires, creatures and customs. After thousands of years of subtle influence and cruel oppression, the subordinate position of women to men in China has made many women consciously enslaved and materialized, and even satisfied with it. Being oppressed and obedient has become a living habit of women. Zhang Ailing ruthlessly wiped away all the whitewash, and described the living state of women in slavery and bondage with a cold style. Under the pressure of society, the female thoughts in her works are distorted and her personality is alienated.

1. 1 Deny the inherent "servility" of women

Since entering the male-dominated society, women in China have gradually been stipulated to be women as much as they can within the scope of small families, and undertake the responsibilities of bearing children and taking care of each other. As the space for women's activities is getting smaller and smaller, they are enclosed in the isolated small environment all day long, and their personality is slowly losing, which leads to women's dependence on men everywhere in economy, politics, culture and life, and they fall into the sad situation that "women talk about men all their lives, miss men forever and complain about men forever". Women want to resist the threat of survival through marriage, and the marriage described by Zhang Ailing is loveless. "Marriage with love is painful", but marriage can't stand the temptation of love. Marriage is a shackle, and it is impossible to lock others and love with it. The result can only be ruin. The decadent culture blocked the love between men and women, and the beautiful love was imprisoned and alienated. When the shackles are opened, the true original desires are revealed one after another, and sincere and natural feelings are produced.

For unmarried women, Zhang Ailing described a real marriage record. Unmarried women try their best to find a rich man to marry, which means that they have found the sustenance of their lives and have the support of this life. When Jiang Chang 'an in The Golden Lock met Zhang Shifang who returned from Germany, he met the first face and secretly agreed. Divorced tassels in Love in a Fallen City, 24-year-old unmarried Paul, eager to find her husband's family's golden branches and cicadas, all tried their best to attract Fan Liuyuan's attention in order to tie the man's heart. Qiu Yuqing and her five coquettish cousins in HongLuan Jubilee are even more ugly in order to attract men's attention.

For a married woman, it is not plain sailing to sit back and relax. In order to maintain their position in the family, in order to defend their wives' identity and titles, they put up with humiliation and restrained others. In Shuo Wen Jie Zi, it says: "Women follow people." The female images in Zhang Ailing's novels follow this old saying without exception. Although the women in her novels have gone out of the old days just to visit, their hearts are still trapped in the prison net of traditional morality and "self-slavery". In order to attract men's attention and please their husbands, they are willing to play trivial, hard, humble, self-forbearing and self-denying roles. This is their nature. Through these details, we can see that tough guys infiltrated and dominated the thinking mode, living habits and attitude towards life of weak women.

More tragically, most of the women in Zhang Ailing's novels understand their own situation and indulge in depravity, and psychologically regard themselves as vassals of men. When talking about the attitude of the oppressed, Engels said: "As long as they are angry with the ruling class, they are still people; But if they put the yoke around their necks, want to make life under the yoke a little bit better, and don't want to get rid of it, then they really become animals. " China's old daughters in Zhang Ailing's novels were enslaved into "animals" consciously or unconsciously under the shackles of thousands of years of traditional morality, and no one consciously, thus losing their women's rights as human beings. They are willing to be slaves themselves, which conforms to the unfair oppression of the external environment, making women become the baton of male vassal status from generation to generation.

1.2 materialization of female images

In Zhang Ailing's novels, attention is paid to the ugly portrayal of characters, and the heroine is often attached with physical attributes. For example, in Flower Xie, Zheng Chuanchang is "cold and white Okumo" in the author's eyes, while Chuanchang thinks she is a lighthouse without lights; Gu Manlu is the "pink skull" in Half-Life Fate. In Jasmine Fragrance, Feng is a "screen"; Seven Qiao in The Golden Lock is a butterfly specimen. In Xiao Ai's place, Xiao Ai is also like a kitten, cold and dignified. Perhaps Zhang Ailing used this method to create the image of terror alienation, just to "arouse our fear and pity" and express the female world she felt as a female writer. Women are alienated into inanimate objects, and "Bai Niao" and "Butterfly" express the female body in the iron boudoir with the metaphor of their loss of flying ability, inanimate and independent space. This is the female image in the era of "modern civilization". As Zhang Ailing described the image of Feng in Jasmine Fragrance: "She is not a caged bird. Birds in cages will fly out as soon as they are opened. She is a bird embroidered on the screen-a bird in a golden cloud on a melancholy purple satin screen. After a long time, the feathers were black and moldy, eaten by insects and died on the screen. " Zhang Ailing used "birds embroidered on the screen" to describe the sadness of women in a patriarchal society. The old life dispelled the independence of women's existence, and the silkworm eroded women's rebellious psychology, making them involuntarily enslaved by the male world and becoming a real walking corpse in thought and mind. The use of "spider" implies the brewing of terror and counterattack power. Using cats to imply a woman's animal instinct or pet status makes people feel the vagaries of a woman's life. The "pink skull" implies ghostly existence and evil and vicious power. The materialization of the heroine in Zhang Ailing's novels is the foundation of the heroine's temperament, tragic fate, personality and vanity. The purpose of Zhang Ailing's creation is to express her denial of women's living conditions with frightening images. In the symbol system of men, women are often alienated. She is an empty image without humanity, and the walking dead women drown themselves in the sea of unsigned chaos. Zhang Ailing chose materialization, which highlighted the ugliness of women. In her series of novels with the theme of women, the existence of women is often just appearance, body and appearance, without real life and humanity.

A cold tone

Zhang Ailing's novels are presented to the world with her unique female consciousness. When she portrays characters and interprets women's fate, she often hides herself deeply with plain words, tells the tragic stories of characters in a calm and indifferent tone, and even smiles sarcastically. "Life is a gorgeous robe, full of lice" is a high summary of the fate of the characters in Zhang Ailing's novels, and it is also the final interpretation of the lives of women struggling for survival in the society at that time. Zhang Ailing is engaged in creation in a state of alienation, so she shows the calmness and consciousness of "always standing outside the trend", which makes her get rid of the anger of "female victim" and gain a better angle to express herself.

In the description of human nature, Zhang Ailing chose to use the expression commonly used by western writers-by showing the ugliness of human nature, readers were urged to examine and reflect on the female ontology rationally and internally. In her works, there are almost no perfect women, although every woman has her advantages; There are few happy marriages, although some women have gone through hardships and finally got their dream marriage; Almost no mentally healthy woman can exist independently as a person, although she may be in charge of economic power and occupy the position of parents. As a member of women, she turns a blind eye to women's tragic experiences, but she is firm in her attitude towards women's shortcomings, even a little subtle place should be exposed for ruthless dissection and flogging. Zhang Ailing's perspective of feeling life is closely related to her unique life experience and creative personality. Her sober observation of the selfish and hypocritical nature of men in life, the difficulty and deep pain of women's survival, and the projection of psychological trauma from childhood constitute her psychological basis for feeling the outside world, which naturally forms her unique perspective and indifferent brush strokes towards women.

Zhang Ailing was aloof and indifferent all her life, and did not like to associate with others. Except for a few people, such as my aunt and girlfriend Yan Ying, even my younger brother and book fans ignored her and died alone at home in Los Angeles. Virginia Woolf, an English writer, once pointed out: "All writers who are self-centered and oppressed by self-slaves have a kind of power that those writers who are magnanimous and broad-minded do not have. It can describe the image cast in their hearts, and it also has its own unique beauty, unique strength and unique perspective. " Zhang Ailing is such a writer. In other words, a writer must be able to stand in the position of his characters and reach some kind of "spiritual connection" with them in order to create a profound artistic image. Most of Zhang Ailing's novels are based on real life, and they all have prototypes in life. When talking about the relationship between prototype and fiction, life and art, Zhang Ailing once said: "There is a saying in the West that all good literature and art are biographical. Of course, the facts are just raw materials. I have high requirements for creation and like raw materials very much. I don't respect the facts, but I believe in its unique charm. This is actually human nature. " This shows his taste in life and his preference for the real experience of life when creating novels. If she hadn't lived in that era and that environment, she wouldn't have written such a real and touching work. It is because of Zhang Ailing's profound experience that she gave up the mainstream literary expression at that time and chose a theme that she was familiar with. With her sharp and accurate language, she truly reproduced the struggle history of ordinary women in their lives for decades before and after the May 4th Movement. It is also her profound and true analysis of women's fate that makes her works have a strong shock.

3 unique perspective

Zhang Ailing, who watched the play coldly, expounded the inevitability of female tragedy from a distance through the negative writing of female images struggling in secular life and the profound examination of female bad habits formed under the suppression of evil feudal society, thus forming her unique perspective of interpretation, feeling and writing.

Zhang Ailing always tries to pay attention to life and humanity from the height of human existence and destiny, so she has a deeper understanding of women. It should be said that the creative angle chosen by Zhang Ailing is novel and unique, especially like a breeze permeating the literary world full of mainstream literature at that time. The unique perspective and vivid description of Zhang Ailing's works are more suitable for the people than the mainstream literature with no personality and skills that was strangled by politics at that time. While many writers denounced the enemy and puppet, praised the bright future and looked forward to the new life of women after liberation, she devoted her pen and ink to expressing women's unfortunate experiences and exposing her inferiority. Cao, a vicious and mean woman in The Golden Lock, and Man Lu, a pink skeleton in Eighteen Springs, were originally young, lively and mentally healthy women. After experiencing social persecution and unfair treatment, they have also become executioners who bully the same sex and put their pain on the same sex. Tassel and, who are busy looking for someone to get married in the love of the whole city, and Ni, who lives together in cartoons, regard marriage as their only survival career and are willing to be at the mercy of men. Meng in Red Rose and White Rose, the fifth wife in Little Ai, and Chen Sizhen in Long Live the Wife, in order to maintain their original position, completely lost the backbone and dignity that a person should have in life; Beautiful and sensible in Eighteen Springs, Yu Jiayin in How Much Hate, and studious Ge in Fragments of Aquilaria Resinatum-the First Furnace Fragment. These educated, self-respecting, confident and self-reliant girls should be able to get rid of the shackles of traditional concepts and morality, get rid of their dependence on men and choose a normal life. However, Zhang Ailing turned the pen. But it arranged a more tragic ending for them: because of the shadow of society, the temptation of money and the persecution of their relatives, they not only could not control their own destiny, but also lost their affection, love and dignity, and willingly still lived the same life as old-fashioned women. Zhang Ailing mercilessly criticized the women of her time and hated their inferiority and inferiority. Therefore, all kinds of women in Zhang Ailing's works can't escape the cycle of fate: they are like birds embroidered on the screen, without consciousness, freedom, thought and way out, until "the feathers are black and moldy, eaten by insects, and she dies on the screen." Looking at Zhang Ailing's works, we can often feel the kind of despair of life hidden behind, and there is often sadness that penetrates the paper in the cold narrative.

To sum up, in her works, Zhang Ailing highlights the darkness, ugliness and "evil human nature" of women with the attitude of "watching drama coldly" and with a stern and indifferent tone. She sharply exposed women's unfortunate experiences and self-abasement, and ruthlessly analyzed the internal causes of women's tragic fate, but did not let people see their way out and their changes in the real environment. Under the pressure of disillusionment and emptiness, these women staged a series of life tragedies instead of actively seeking a way out of self-liberation, not only because they were born in this time and space background and were branded with the times. More importantly, it is mixed with the writer's own life experience formed under the background of personal life experience, which has created her unique creative personality and personal experience, thus forming her paranoid literary view devoted to analyzing human evil. All the women in Zhang Ailing's works well reflect the author's outlook on life, that is, women's "survival panic", which is not only a material panic, but also a spiritual panic. In her novel blockade, there is a folk song that has been repeated many times: "poor, poor, one has no money!" " The panic of survival threatens them, and perhaps this panic also threatens the author for a long time, and the women in her works are only her spokespersons, so that these protagonists can express their inner words through their works. Zhang Ailing's life experience formed her narrow psychological set and "lost" mentality. As Professor Xia Zhiqing said: "Zhang Ailing is a thorough pessimist, but at the same time she is a lively satirist and a loyal and generous historian who records the modern urban life in China." He also said that "Zhang Ailing's satire is not to punish evil and promote good, it is only a supplement to her tragic outlook on life."