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On the surface, reading is that readers consciously write texts and express their understanding of the content. In fact, it is not only a language communication between the author and the reader, but also an intellectual activity of actively thinking, understanding and accepting complex information.

The purpose of learning English is to master the ability of listening, speaking, reading and writing in English. From the perspective of learning, "reading" is the basis of the other "three", because in the domestic English learning environment, there are fewer opportunities for listening, speaking and writing. We usually enrich our "language sense" (that is, our perceptual knowledge of the English language) by reading a lot of English newspapers and magazines.

In the process of reading, readers need to find out the meaning connection of words, phrases and sentences, and finally get information. In order to ensure a high reading speed and understanding rate, readers should fully mobilize the synergy of their own abilities of association, judgment, memory, induction, analysis and synthesis; Reading also helps to cultivate students' ability to grasp the main information and guess the intention of Jones according to the cognitive structure.

The process of reading is also a process of absorbing all aspects of knowledge. In the process of reading, we can not only learn literary knowledge, but also learn new language knowledge. The process of reading is also a process of broadening horizons and acquiring knowledge. It can be said that an article is often the carrier of multi-language knowledge. This shows that reading is very important.

1 vocabulary

The size of vocabulary is undoubtedly one of the keys that directly affect reading comprehension. Reading comprehension and vocabulary are cyclic processes that restrict and promote each other. The virtuous circle should be to enlarge vocabulary through reading and make more use of vocabulary to complete higher-level reading.

2 Grammar

Including lexical and grammatical rules. This comprehensive knowledge and understanding of paragraphs and chapters is also indispensable.

Lack of professional knowledge and background knowledge.

The reading material may be any professional content, which is arbitrarily set. Professional knowledge, including technical terms, will become an obstacle to understanding materials. Therefore, knowing and mastering all kinds of professional knowledge is a necessary condition for improving foreign language reading materials, whether it is astronomy, geography, medical care or architecture, the wider you know, the deeper the better! The language of background knowledge is related to all the national customs, customs, cultural history, religious politics, artistic monuments, architectural styles and so on. About English, we should not only know the background knowledge of the United States and Britain, but also know the background knowledge of English-speaking countries such as Canada and Australia. The written materials in various places bear the scars of their national culture, which is the knowledge of national background that we must master. This lack of knowledge, even if there is no obstacle to the text, still can't understand the meaning when reading it.

4 reading methods

Research shows that people's eye movements are jumping when reading, not word for word. The brain can understand the whole English joke by connecting some words and summarizing paragraphs to this effect. Reading word for word is not only slow but also difficult to understand the whole text.

5 pay too much attention to details and ignore the overall grasp.

The whole is fragmented and the parts are closely linked. Perhaps students can tell the characters and plots after reading an article, but they know nothing about the central idea and the author's intention.

6. Ignoring the ability to guess word clues under the cultural background.

Some students are eager to look up new words in the dictionary as soon as they learn English. It seems that they are passive, but in fact, their efforts are not satisfactory.