What are the manifestations of sexism in current TV advertising? What do you think of the issue of sexism in TV advertising? Please answer in detail

Gender discrimination generally refers to the following beliefs or attitudes: 1. The belief that one gender is superior to other genders. 2. The belief that a person must be male or female. 3. Refers to the attitude of hating men (masculine derogation) or hating women (femininity derogation). Sexism: It can be roughly regarded as the product of essentialism. Essentialists insist that individuals can be understood or judged according to the characteristics of the group to which they belong, while sexists believe that individuals can be understood or judged according to the gender group (male or female) to which they belong. This view assumes that all people can be clearly classified as "male" or "female" and ignores the existence of some transgender people who possess both sexual characteristics. In addition, this view also ignores individual differences in the group due to isomorphism in the group. Certain types of gender discrimination are illegal in many countries, but almost all have legislation protecting the rights of certain gender groups.

1. Sex discrimination against women. The extreme form of sex discrimination against women is the derogation of women. Since gender discrimination against women was the first to be widely recognized, it has become the most common scope of the term "sex discrimination". This form of sexism is also often called a male chauvinist. Another slightly related term is "gynophobia," which refers to the fear of women or femininity. Historically, in many patriarchal societies, women have been viewed as "the weaker group." In today's society, due to a misunderstanding of the concept of gender equality, patriarchal societies often over-protect women who are considered the "weaker group", thus creating a situation where women cannot be treated equally in a practical sense. The so-called "etiquette" of "ladies first" is also a kind of discrimination against women that regards women as a "vulnerable group that needs to be taken care of". 2. Sex discrimination against men. The extreme form of sex discrimination against men is male derogation (referring to disgust or even hatred for men). Sexism against men is also called "reverse sexism." Another slightly related term is androphobia, which refers to the fear of men or masculinity. Although the view that women are better than men is also sexist, public discourse has not noticed this "reverse sexism" until recent years. 3. Sex discrimination against transgender people. The extreme form of sex discrimination against transgender people is the derogation of transgender people (referring to disgust or even hatred for transgender people). Sex discrimination against transgender people is also called "transgender discrimination." Another slightly related term is "transphobia," which refers to the fear of people of uncertain gender. Relative to transgender people, men, women, and transgender people can all be called gender-positive people. There is a lack of protection for transgender people in the laws of many countries. For example, when filling in identity information, you need to fill in your ID number and gender, and there is no mention of transgender status at all.

Edit this paragraph on gender discrimination in the workplace

Dong Zhongshu of the Han Dynasty first proposed - "It is difficult to raise a villain with a woman", which in our current words is gender discrimination . So, today, we will focus on the topic of sexism in the workplace. Employment discrimination - it may be difficult for people to associate this negative word with those famous international business giants. Yesterday, a sample survey report released by a Beijing-based legal aid agency called the Yirenping Center revealed the fact that among the 96 multinational companies surveyed in China, 40% of the foreign companies involved in recruitment There is "implicit discrimination", including many Fortune 500 companies. Teacher Tan Xiaofang believes that invisible discrimination-the first one is gender discrimination. Like any social phenomenon, there are many reasons for gender discrimination in the workplace. Tan Xiaofang believes that the main reasons include the following: 1. The physiological differences between men and women are the biological reasons for gender discrimination in the workplace. A corporate human resources manager said: "From a corporate perspective, hiring female employees is not just a matter of simply increasing an employee's expenses. The problems caused by her taking leave are a series of problems that will have a chain reaction and lead to the company's The process is blocked. And after becoming a mother, it is impossible for her to be as dedicated to work as before she was married. The company's requirement for employees is to be 100% dedicated.

"In addition, due to women's physiological characteristics, companies generally cannot arrange for women to go on business trips alone, and they must also consider safety issues when working night shifts. This problem caused by physiological differences makes employers feel "troublesome" and has become a physiological obstacle to employment. . 2. The contradiction between the pursuit of profit maximization by enterprises and the non-socialization of women’s reproductive costs is the objective cause of gender discrimination in the workplace. As the main body of the market economy, the pursuit of profit maximization by enterprises is the need for enterprise development and is the key to enhancing competitiveness and maintaining sustainability. The need for sustainable development is dictated by the laws of the market economy, so it is understandable for companies to pursue maximization of interests under legal circumstances. 3. The influence of social and cultural traditions is the objective basis for the existence of gender discrimination in the workplace. Although we have a series of legislative provisions. Men and women are equal. Although the social status of Chinese women has undergone tremendous changes in the decades since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the discrimination against women inherited from the patriarchal society for thousands of years still has a huge inertia and affects people's concepts, consciousness and behaviors. , it is also reflected in employment. 4. The buyer's market in employment has exacerbated gender discrimination in the workplace. At present, my country's overall employment situation is severe and employment pressure is high. During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, my country's urban and rural new labor force will increase every year. At the peak, including the existing laid-off and unemployed people in urban areas, the number of people who need to be employed every year will reach 22-23 million. Under the current economic structure, 7-8 million new jobs will be created every year, so employment will be created. The gap is around 14 million to 15 million, and the contradiction between labor supply and demand is very acute, forming a serious labor buyer's market. This serious imbalance between labor supply and demand increases the range of choices for user units, and between the increase in choice rights and Under the dual influence of pursuing profit maximization, the difficulty of female employment seems to have become an inevitable reality. 5. Another important reason for gender discrimination in the workplace is the lack of legal policies and the ineffective enforcement of relevant laws and regulations in my country. The adjustment goals are relatively complete, but they lack operability and execution. In recent years, the phenomenon of open discrimination in the employment process is now becoming "invisible". For example, the words "not recruiting girls" are used in recruitment. It is becoming more and more rare in advertisements, but in actual recruitment, there are still more men than women. This is implicit gender discrimination. Anyone who has experienced many interviews knows that "appearance discrimination" and "gender discrimination" in the workplace. "Discrimination" is quite common. A large number of studies by social psychologists have shown that tall and handsome men and beautiful women with good figures are definitely helpful for promotion. Of course, it does not mean that appearance determines the fate of promotion, but facts have proved that under the same ability, BQ (Aesthetics) The higher the score, the easier it is to deal with people and the chances of promotion. However, the 21st century workplace can be a minefield. I recently heard warnings about a professional criminal gang from Eastern Europe. Set a trap like this: place a beautiful and charming female employee in an organization, and let a male accomplice sneak in. The two of them enter the company, and their relationship is not known. Soon after, he was sending the beauty a bunch of dirty internet jokes. So she complained of harassment and threatened to take her to the cumbersome employment tribunal on the grounds of gender discrimination. And once she reveals that she has hired professional legal counsel and a public relations agent, the victimized company will quickly spend money to end the matter. Although the phenomenon of implicit employment discrimination has increased, the author believes that this is a good sign: “This shows that relevant laws and regulations have played a deterrent effect on the problem of employment discrimination. From open discrimination to implicit discrimination to elimination of discrimination, it is also a solution to this problem. This problem must go through a process.” The recently introduced laws and regulations actually take very strict measures to solve the problem of employment discrimination. For example, implicit discrimination often occurs during the probation period when an applicant first joins the company. However, the revised Labor Contract Law imposes strict restrictions and evidence requirements for employers to terminate labor contracts during the probation period.

Edit this paragraph on gender discrimination in China

Men and women are equal, whether in Western democracies or ancient Eastern civilizations, no matter how different the social systems are, or how loud the calls for equality are, in the final analysis, Neither of them can achieve equality in the true sense. At best, it can only be said to be an improvement over the past.

To put it in the simplest sense, that is: if equality is truly realized, will people still continue to strongly appeal for this equality? Regarding gender equality, don’t think that this inequality only exists in China. Even in Western civilized countries that are highly respected by people, women's freedom and equality still need to be greatly improved, and it is not as sufficient equality as people imagine. A person can be an independent person, but not an isolated person. No matter how equal we are, there is a choice for role exchange, and it is not static. Whether it is status, economics, or thinking, we must coordinate with the inner world according to the external environment, and it is impossible to ignore the external environment and blindly To exaggerate subjective initiative. One person is not omnipotent. Both men and women have their own subjective desires and actual abilities. To achieve equality, we can only rely on complementing each other's advantages and each doing his or her best. Therefore, we can say that equality between men and women is a real issue. The meaning should be relative equality, rather than absolute greed for superficial equality in form. Since we are relatively equal, we cannot unilaterally only demand fundamental changes in women's thinking. In an era when male dominance is still quite stable, the essence of unilaterally demanding women is that men's own thoughts have not changed from the true meaning. changes occur. The patriarchal ideology has ruled the human world for thousands of years. There are stereotypes and bad habits that must be eradicated and women should be given freedom and liberation. However, this can only be said to be an inevitable need for social development and has a certain implication with the evolution of civilization. However, It's not a causal relationship. As early as ancient times, when people were still drinking the blood of Maoru, their civilization was not developed. The matrilineal society had raised the status of women to a very high level, but why did it eventually decline and let men rule instead? For thousands of years, there are certainly various reasons for this, but ultimately it should be attributed to the potential differences in thought formed by gender differences. To change this difference, there is still a long process of transformation. It does not happen overnight, nor can the trend be reversed by publishing a few articles. As for a strong woman, although she has extraordinary performance in her career, a strong woman is a woman first. She cannot become another kind of person apart from the basic characteristics of a woman. She pursues career, status, She is financially independent, but she cannot be independent emotionally, because the cultivation of emotions is a common thing for both men and women. Therefore, in terms of thinking, especially in the development of relationships between men and women, she cannot be emotionless. Now that emotions exist, a woman's tender nature cannot disappear just because she is a strong woman. Women have women's weaknesses, and men also have men's weaknesses. Doesn't a strong man have a fragile side? Therefore, it is better to give a fair view to strong women. When talking about strong women, do not think that she must go beyond the basic characteristics unique to women, and thus be classified as a neutral person between men and women. If we really want to forcefully separate strong women from the female group, then such a division is truly unequal to them. Whether men or women, when both parties jointly pursue equality, please do not only pursue power and interests while neglecting responsibilities and obligations.