Seek the complete works of Xu Wenchang's jokes?

Xu Wenchang visited my uncle's house and spent a long time serving a dish, but there was only one egg. My uncle said, Wen Chang, I'm sorry. It's unfortunate that you came here. If you are three months late, this egg is a bowl of fresh chicken soup. Xu Wenchang smiled and said, Oh, it's really hard for you. One day, Xu Wenchang invited his uncle again. After a while, he brought out a plate of bamboo and said to his uncle, "Uncle, I'm really sorry. It's unfortunate that you came here. If you had come three months earlier, this dish of bamboo chips would have been a bowl of delicious bamboo shoots. " .

When Zhang San and Li Si went to Xu Wenchang to play, Zhang San pulled Xu Wenchang aside and said, "Brother Wen, if you can make Li Si fall to the ground three times today, I will invite you to dinner today." Xu Wenchang smiled and said, "It's easy." Xu Wenchang took Zhang San and Li Si to a watermelon field, pointed to Gua Tian and said to Li Si, "Li Ge, look how well this gourd grows." Li Si wondered, "Brother Wen, this is obviously a melon. Why is it called gourd? " Xu Wenchang said, "This is a gourd." Li Si said, "It's a melon." Xu Wenchang: "Gourd!" Li Si: "Melon! ! "Xu Wenchang: Gourd, Gourd, Gourd!" Li Si: "Melon, melon, melon!" " "

Xu Wei was a famous scholar, wise man, chivalrous man, military genius, dramatist, calligrapher and great poet in Ming Dynasty. He is also the founder of China School of Painting. He is a rare genius and eccentric in the history of China. During the imperial examination, he deliberately wrote long articles on the walls of tables and chairs, thus gaining the reputation of "Xu Wenchang" ... His poems, operas, paintings and calligraphy are world-class; Zheng Banqiao, Qi Baishi and other descendants are trying to be "running dogs under the Ivy League"; The illiterate old man in Jiangsu and Zhejiang is still telling his magical legend; Who can collect his words, a painting, and it will be worth a hundred times immediately ... This book is another masterpiece published by Mr. Long Yin after "Dong Fangshuo of Wisdom". Reading it makes people sometimes talk, sometimes meditate, sometimes excited, and sometimes feel sad. ...

Brief introduction of Xu Wei

(Appreciation of Works)

Xu Wei is a native of Wen Qing, Tianchi Mountain, and other nicknames, such as Tian Danshui, Tianchi Sheng, Tianchi Fishing Hidden, Ivy Old Man, Jin Lei, Jin Hui Mountain Man, Yinshan Buyi, Baiyin Mountain Man, Goose Nose Shan Nong, etc. In his later years, he became an Ivy League Taoist, or signed Tian Shuiyue. Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) was born. Living in Shaoxing, there are "Yizhitang", "Persimmon Tang Ye" and "Ivy Bookstore". Born in the 16th year of Zhengde in Ming Dynasty (152 1), he died in the 21st year of Wanli in Ming Shenzong (1593).

Xu Wei was indulgent, and the teenager tried many times (it is said that he failed eight times after having obtained the rural examination) to resume his career. In middle age, Hu Zongxian, right assistant minister of the Ministry of War and imperial envoy of the imperial capital, took a fancy to him. In the thirty-seventh year of Jiajing (1558), he was recruited as an aide to the Governor of Zhejiang and Fujian. Xu Wei planned the military, political and economic affairs at that time and participated in the anti-Japanese struggle in the southeast coast. In his poems, he enthusiastically praised the patriotic heroes who fought against Japan, and wrote "White Deer Original Table" for Hu Zongxian, which was greatly appreciated by Emperor Shizong of Ming Dynasty. Later, Hu Zongxian was impeached as an accomplice of Yan Song and was arrested and committed suicide. Xu Wei was deeply stimulated. He was once crazy, insane, committed suicide on purpose, killed his wife by mistake, and was arrested and imprisoned. Later, Zhang Yuan Group (screenwriter of Ming Hanlin) was rescued from prison. He was 53 years old when he got out of prison. At this time, he really put aside his official career and began to engage in literary and artistic creation activities. Many of his important works were produced after this. His poetic style is unique and unconventional, with a complete collection of poems. He is also a famous playwright. His zaju "Four Sounds Apes" was well received by composers such as Tang Xianzu and De. There is also a drama "Narration of Nanci", which is quite beyond the predecessors' views and breaks the routine. He also wrote the Records of Huiji County, which once put forward some reform ideas for local politics and economy.

Xu Wei commented: "My book is the first, poetry is the second, writing is the third, and painting is the fourth." Xu Wei, a master of Confucian classics, calligrapher and inscriptions in the early Qing Dynasty, commented that "his books and essays are too complicated, not paintings, and they are all ancient." Xu Wei's life was bumpy, and he often "wandered alone under the moon" and ended his life in the situation of "a few rickety houses and a southern accent".

Xu Wei began to learn painting after middle age and was good at painting flowers and birds. He can also enjoy landscapes, figures and ink paintings, and his momentum is unrestrained. He is good at freehand brushwork in ink and painting flowers, painting broken chrysanthemums and cooking pots and pans, all of which are simple and elegant with unique charm. There are 13 kinds of paintings in the miscellaneous garden in Nanjing Museum, including peony, crape myrtle, grape, plantain, plum narcissus and bamboo. Family, momentum. Played a high degree of artistic skills. "Out of nothing" and "chaos without chaos" show the painter's profound skill. Today, 400 years later, it still gives people a vivid and pleasing feeling. Xu Wei painted landscapes, regardless of rope and ink, especially vivid. The history book says, "After I get drunk, I will try to find a beautiful woman. I will dye my cheeks with a pen and make me look like a girl." I feel that the world is like dirt, not as good as his wonderful pen. "His works are not limited to physical images, but can grasp its spirit and exaggerate with a bald pen, such as storms. After Chen Daofu, his freehand brushwork was more wild, concise, vivid and far-reaching. It opened a new way of freehand brushwork in ink painting since Ming and Qing Dynasties. Li (Shan) and Li, among the Eight Eccentrics in Qing Dynasty, Yuan Zhen and Yangzhou, were all influenced by it. The momentum has not diminished for hundreds of years.

In his works, Xu Wei often composed poems and sentences, used the topic to express his resentment against the world, and his ideological and political tendency was stronger. For example, his book title "Crab Map" said: "The crabs in Jiangcun are fat when cooked, and their claws are as green as halberds. When you turn over the paper, you should see the navel of Tuan Tuan Dong Zhuo. " This is hatred and contempt for powerful people. Xu Wei also writes calligraphy, and his running script imitates Michaelis. His brushwork is unrestrained, as charming and vigorous as his poems, regardless of calligraphy. "Eight laws are scattered, and the word forest is also chivalrous." Qi Baishi, a master of modern art, once said when referring to Xu Wei: "I hate grinding ink and paper for Qingteng 300 years ago." This is enough to show the far-reaching influence of Xu Wei's paintings on later generations.

There are many works circulating, and the Palace Museum also has many important masterpieces. For example, in "Ink Grape Map", a grape is written from the top right, and the vines are scattered and drooping downward. The shape of the object is informal, and the feeling of crystal clear grape beads is dripping and hearty. The flower techniques of landscape figures are comprehensive, showing Xu Wei's unrestrained talent and pushing freehand brushwork to another peak. Among many famous artists in the Ming Dynasty, there are only a handful who can draw things and themes so freely and integrate scenes like Xu Wei. In his later years, he wrote nine volumes of Ink Flowers, with a poem beside each volume. Poetry, calligraphy and painting are integrated to achieve a harmonious artistic height.

Shanghai Museum has more than 20 works of Xu Wei's running script, cursive script, flowers and birds, ink and wash. There are also many works by Xu Wei in major museums at home and abroad.

Xu Wei's life was unfortunately bumpy, which was related to the social environment at that time. He always leads a dissolute life and is not interested in power. When an official comes to draw, it is even difficult to say a word. In today's world, anyone who comes to ask for paintings must be worthy of Xu Wei's lack of money. At this time, if someone comes to paint, they can get it in an instant. If he is not short of money in his bag, then no matter how much you give, it is rare to get a painting. Because of Xu Wei's lofty position in the history of painting, today's collectors pay more attention to his works. 1989, Christie's in new york auctioned a "cockscomb flower" with a vertical axis of 55,000 US dollars. Later, a fine work sold for more than $300,000, but the prices of several uncertain works were not high.

Borrowing Bamboo House [Author: Wei Xu]

Longshanzi is located in the northeast of the house, slightly adjacent to the bamboo in the neighborhood. He likes writing books, making friends and laughing in books, and calling himself "borrowing bamboo houses". When Fang Zen asked him, Longshanzi said, "My first doctor divined here, so I bought a nearby piece of land to live in;" If I can't do it now, I'll borrow bamboo from my neighbor to build it. That's all. Fang Zen stood up, looked around, pointed at him and asked, "If my son is a borrower, is he a special neighbor?" "Not embarrassed?" Said, "Of course." "But what's on the other side of the adjacent bamboo?" He said, "He is a neighbor of bamboo." "What's that bamboo near his home?" Yue: "Huiji Mountain is far in the south, but in the east." "What's that over there?" Yue: "Gai Tian Ye." Fang chan was silent for a long time. Longshanzi gave it a solid start. Fang Chan said, "I think I am a neighbor's bamboo, but I can't get it if I want it. Why borrow it?" Not embarrassed? "said," of course. " "However, I like to see his neighbor's bamboo, so I borrowed it. I can borrow bamboo that is not my neighbor; Seeing the mountains and clouds that will be remembered is also a kind of enjoyment, and it can't be borrowed. Bamboo as a neighbor alone, my son is happy when he sees the sky, so he borrows it; Mountain music, Buddha borrowing; Look carefully, can you enjoy it, borrow it, and be a neighbor's bamboo? And as my son said, if you bully into my son's neighbor, it's the east of the neighbor. If you don't, it's the worst. Then what my son likes to borrow can be borrowed from the east as well, and what he doesn't borrow is not in the neighborhood If you leave my son to live in Tianxi, and he is inferior to his neighbor, then what my son likes to borrow cannot be inferior to Tianxi, but what he doesn't borrow is not in Tianxi. And where will my son live as a borrower? " Longshanzi suddenly said, "I know. I can forget the feelings in the distance, but I can't forget the feelings in the vicinity. Really don't forget, things are far and near. Anyone who thinks he can forget what he can do but is complacent about what he can't do is a good example of everything in the world. I can't help it if it's not a child. How about changing the subject to broaden my ambition? Fang Zen said, "What about Hu Yi?" ? Even the so-called borrowers have solid ones. His guilty conscience is straightforward, his behavior is clear and free and easy, his articles are loud and articulate, so his son borrowed bamboo and his aunt didn't know! Its original fault is solid, the potential is high, the flow is small but not redundant, so the bamboo does not know what to borrow! Why not? "Longshanzi leaned back and thought, leaned down and explained, making Fang Zen write his topic, but remember his words.

Ink grape poetry

I've been down and out for half my life,

Self-study whistling night wind.

There is nowhere to sell pearls at the bottom of the pen.

Throw wild vines around.