How does thinking arise?

The biggest difference between humans and computers lies in logical thinking ability, creative ability and language ability. Now I would like to talk about these three points in detail. Because the human brain is one of the most complex structures known so far, its working principles and methods are still unknown. I am just offering some personal views and opinions here. 1. Logical thinking ability First, let’s talk about logical thinking ability. What is "logical thinking ability"? Logical thinking ability refers to the ability to think correctly and rationally. That is, the ability to observe, compare, analyze, synthesize, abstract, generalize, judge, and reason about things, and use scientific logical methods to express one's thinking process accurately and methodically. I think it has something to do with the structure of the brain. Because the brain is composed of many neurons and glial cells, the division of labor is different. You can check it on Baidu. Neurons have many processes that transmit information to each other (synaptic transmission and gap transmission). When a computer is working, it processes and exchanges information in an orderly manner, and the movement of electric current is directional or orderly. And I think the neurotransmission and processing in the human brain are disordered, which can be said to be relatively chaotic. If it is completely chaotic, then the person is neurotic (no contempt). Some of these more chaotic nerve operations are orderly. These orderly neuron operations should be the parts we are thinking and using. . The functioning of a child's neurons should be the most chaotic and disordered. Sometimes we say something like "Children's words are unbridled", which means that children are very creative. They always have some novel and weird ideas that adults cannot. Moreover, children's language skills are generally excellent and they can use I have come up with many classic sayings from just a few words I have mastered. Why is this? This is very much the result of the disordered information transmission combination of children's neurons. But there are many information combination results of neurons. How do people filter them? I believe that there should be a processing mechanism in the human brain that is responsible for processing information. If it is consistent with the existing logical information, it will be recognized as valid information by the system. Otherwise, it will be automatically "delete". The "valid information" left behind will "surface" in the "mind" as a human being. Next, the brain will make a judgment based on the situation (information transmitted back by the eyes, ears, etc.) and memory to decide whether to speak or write it out. In the operation of the human brain, memory should be an extremely important part. People without memory are worse than idiots (no memory here means that there is no information reserve in the brain). But the fact is that human DNA stores a large amount of existing information, which has been accumulated by ancestors from generation to generation. ——DNA can be used for storage. This is the latest scientific research result. There are great similarities in the behavior and way of thinking of a nation. This may be the effect of DNA memory inheritance. People make judgments about things based on their memories and “ideas” in their neural organization. And memory not only comes from the inheritance and mutation of DNA, but also from the accumulation of life. This can be called "experience"! In life, children's behavior is generally more straightforward and direct, because they do not have much acquired memory accumulation, while the elderly generally behave more cautiously and do things in a much more organized manner. This is all the result of memory control. Acquired memories are generally stored in DNA, which can explain why human IQs are getting higher from generation to generation. And human storage is not all in DNA. It may be stored through the arrangement and transmission of certain nerve cells. Therefore, sometimes people will "forget" because these arrangements and combinations are too random. As time goes by, they are discarded. , maybe these combinations will be "forgotten" or disrupted, or maybe the death of brain cells will lead to forgetfulness. But if these permutations and combinations are very "strong", it will be difficult for people to forget, such as ① things that need to be reviewed every day - eating, sleeping, etc.; ② the information transmitted by muscles, because the signals generated by muscle movements are It is very strong. Under normal circumstances, nerve cells will not disrupt this specific arrangement. This is why once people learn to ride a bicycle, they will never forget it for life. Of course, it is not easy to learn. ③Information from childhood. Because there are not many "memories" in childhood, the arrangement of neurons will not be greatly disturbed, so their combination is not easy to "forget". This is also the reason why the elderly remember things from their childhood but forget what happened recently ④ Memory after strong stimulation. After being strongly stimulated, the natural brain reaction is also extremely strong, and this memory is not easy to forget.

In addition, according to the latest scientific research results (not necessarily accurate), human memory may be related to a structure called "protein bridge", which I will not introduce in detail here.

After talking about the role of memory in judging information that controls nervous tissue, let’s go back to talking about nerves. Nerves produce some directional movement patterns during the development of individuals. A community of nerve cells is carrying out some fixed and orderly transmission and organization, which forms the so-called reasonable logical thinking after "knowledge has been developed". For example, a newborn child does not know "1+1=?" First of all, he does not know what each character represents, and secondly, he does not know how to process and calculate this information. Until he understands the meaning of the string through learning and memory, and can enter the information correctly. Secondly, the neurons need to move in an orderly direction in order to deal with this problem. Through teaching and training, his nerve cells are stimulated through Developed the ability to arrange, deliver, and organize in an orderly manner. This process should be said to belong to the process of "mechanical learning", which is "memorizing by rote". It makes no sense. Just write down "1+1=2". In this way, the next time he encounters the same information input, the nerve cells will be transmitted according to a certain "program" and come to the conclusion "2". There may also be a contribution to "image memory". Visualizing the problem, that is, converting logical signals into image signals, can also help solve problems. In fact, mathematical calculation is a "programming" process. We write down the addition, subtraction, multiplication and division operations within ten. No matter how large the number is, it can be simplified into operations within ten. Nerve cells are still used for conduction processing, which can solve more problems. Judging from the structure of the human brain, the computing speed of humans should be much faster than that of computers, but why is it not actually the case? I think this is not because the transmission speed of nerve cells is not enough, but because there are problems with the input mechanism, organization mechanism and screening mechanism, because the transmission ability of nerve cells is very strong, much stronger than that of computers, while organs such as human eyes can only operate under certain conditions. The time required to input extremely limited information into the brain hinders subsequent processing. Computers can transmit large-capacity information through USB and network broadband. Next is the organization and screening mechanism, because the human nerve cell transmission organization is relatively chaotic, and it is difficult to organize it effectively, and even if the corresponding nerve cells organize it, it is difficult to screen quickly (because it is necessary to Check and compare results with memory). And some special people (I believe everyone has heard of it) can perform fast calculations, which are not under the control of computers. I think it is not that these people's calculation speed is faster than ordinary people, but that their brain neurons have better organizational and screening abilities. Ordinary people are more effective. After talking about arithmetic, let’s talk about people’s ability to analyze problems. I wonder if you felt that the meaning and analysis were particularly difficult to memorize when you first started studying politics and history? But later on, I think it should be relatively easy to learn these concepts. I also have certain analytical skills and can analyze problems comprehensively. Why is this? Because through memory, our neuron cells generate a series of arrangements and transmission rules. After we input specific information, these neuron cells will be arranged and combined in a certain way when stimulated, thus producing the " "Theoretical Analysis" results. The same principle applies to people reciting things. 2. Creative Ability Let’s talk about creative ability. Why do people create? This is also the biggest difference between humans and computers. Based on the above analysis, this problem is much simpler. Because of the undirected and irregular movement of neurons. causing it to generate a large amount of "information". For example, we should water the flowers, but we forget, and sometimes we suddenly remember. This is because the brain passes random combinations according to some of the remaining arrangements related to watering the flowers, and the information about this matter is extracted by chance. , we also "suddenly remembered". Of course, this combination may also be stimulated by the environment. When we store a certain piece of information, we often need to use other information. When we need to create, we need to use the connection between information to operate. When we first learned composition, we learned "one-sentence composition". A composition has only one sentence. Because our overall grasp ability at that time was not strong, the amount of information stored was too small, the connection between the information was still unclear, and it still stayed at a simple level. Therefore, it is impossible to have an overall grasp and conception of a long article, and it is easy to "go off topic". Later, we were able to create longer pieces because we had already accumulated a certain amount of experience.

When writing, through a central idea, connections begin to be made to various aspects. At this time, the nerve cells in the brain are stimulated by relevant information (memory) to transmit relatively disordered (and also ordered components) arrangements and combinations, and then through screening device for efficient extraction. The information related to the center is extracted and further handed over to the nerve cells according to the existing information and freely combined and arranged within this framework. Finally, the information is organized into language and summarized into articles. We will discuss language skills in detail below. In general, creation should be such a process. For specific situations, you can make a detailed analysis based on the discussion above. There are some "nonsense" words. For example, "A soldier who doesn't want to be a cook is not a good tailor." You may laugh when you first see this sentence. But why? Because this sentence is obviously illogical, that is, there is no connection between the information he provided, which makes people confused and makes them laugh (see "Why People Laugh"). This also explains the mechanism of human creation and thinking. They are all arranged in a semi-orderly manner according to a certain memory or logic. The person who created this sentence must have had a certain malfunction or abnormality in his screening device, and thus "thought" something that ordinary people could not "think". This is also the result of the disordered arrangement of brain cells. Think about it, jokes are often unexpected and make people laugh, because the information provided by jokes is often a fixed arrangement of some simple information that has been ingrained in people. Now if it is changed, it still has the effect of language, which will make people laugh. People laugh. And when we are exposed to new knowledge, especially when the teacher teaches a lot of new knowledge in a short period of time, do we also laugh (think about it carefully)? The logic should be the same. 3. Language Ability I believe everyone is familiar with the ability of the Internet and software to translate languages! Some are simply unsightly. This is because computers have no language capabilities. Some scientists say that some animals have the ability to speak. I think this is strictly speaking correct. Because those animals only understand some simple "words" and only some simple information, such as "enemy" and "food", and do not form a complete system of expressions and statements. This cannot be counted as language ability. Human language ability is very complex, and I can only briefly talk about my opinions on its principles here. Language needs to be symbolic, regular, and logical. That is, when we first learn a language, we need to remember some features, such as desk lamps, pencils, etc. Then there are regularities, nouns represent things or concepts, verbs represent actions, adjectives play a modifying role, and so on. The last thing is logic. One sentence needs to clearly explain the executor, event, and recipient of an action. Or to express your opinion on a certain thing, you need to describe your own ideas and the characteristics of the thing. They are combined by a certain law, and this law is the fixed movement pattern of brain cells. For example, the sentence "I am a human being" would be awkward if it were said as "I am a human being", but this is how it is expressed in Japanese and Korean. There are fixed restrictions in memory on what words should be associated with which words and how. When brain cells generate information, those that meet these restrictions will be screened, and those that do not will be eliminated. Sometimes we don’t pay attention, but our matching of different words is still clear in our “subconscious” mind. Different languages ??have different collocation methods, and because computers do not understand the differences in collocation methods between different languages, and do not understand the collocation order of generated languages, some word order confusion occurs. As for the specific meaning of language, people also have a complete understanding system. For example, with the word "长", no one knows the exact meaning the speaker wants to express, but if it is "grow up", everyone will know what the speaker means. And "I like to eat apple." People all know that "apple" means apple, and if you say "The apple of the eye." "apple" means pupil. In the Google Translate tool, apple is still translated as Apple. But in Baidu translation, it is translated as "baby", which is very appropriate. However, translation tools can correctly translate according to fixed sentence patterns. What is the working mechanism of human beings? I think that people's control over language also depends on their ability to understand. People can memorize all possible translation meanings and combine sentences to understand until they can translate it successfully.

Okay, how does this "Translator" judge? I think people can get effective information from it. Take apple as an example. If it is translated as apple, then the meaning of the sentence becomes "apple of the eye". Combined with memory, it is impossible to have an apple in the eye. In other words, there is no relationship between the eye and the apple. There was no fixed connection, so people abandoned it and replaced it with Tongren. Once there was a connection, people translated it correctly. In language, the connection between the components in any so-called sentence is always seen. Therefore, nerve cells repeatedly perform the same organizational transmission, forming a fixed transmission sequence, that is, memory. If it does not conform to this kind of memory combination, the brain will reject it, unless the correct information is input again. If this sequence of information is repeated repeatedly, people can gradually accept it, which also becomes a way for people to learn foreign languages. and the mechanism of classical Chinese. What is more common in classical Chinese is the conjugation of parts of speech. When people read, if the translation according to the original meaning does not conform to the inherent language structure in the brain, they will perform random processing. Once a certain processing conforms to daily language habits, it will be adopted by the brain - of course, this Could be wrong. So we often make this mistake when we first learn classical Chinese. Once you understand this, you will memorize the different synonyms of words and remember and apply them. This should explain some of the problems about thinking in our daily lives. If there are still areas that need to be discussed, I hope you can enlighten me and I will gradually improve them. Everyone is welcome to make criticisms and suggestions.