Syntactic differences of black English

Syntactically, the verb "be" in black English is often omitted, as shown in the following table. Black English standard English Mary is interesting. Mary is very interesting. The socks are mine. These socks are mine. Secondly, where "there is" is used in standard English, "it is" is often used in black English. In addition, there are double negative structures in black English, such as:

He didn't do anything

In black English, this sentence means "he does nothing." The double negative structure in black English is also systematic: when a verb is negated, the indefinite pronouns something, something, someone, someone in the sentence becomes nothing, nothing, nobody.

Next, by introducing the most representative rap music in black English, this paper expounds all aspects of idioms in black English.

⒈fuck

This word not only appears in rap songs, but also has become a daily language in the United States and is widely used. As everyone knows, the word "fuck" has the usage of "sexual intercourse". Of course, it is also a vulgar word, which is often used to curse each other's behavior or people. And the word "fucking" can also represent anything, any animal, and can also be used as an emphasis. As long as it can swear, it conforms to the grammar of "fuck" And Fuck has its own set, forming a bunch of phrases, which are introduced as follows: the most common phrase is I don't give a fuck, which means I don't care; Fuck about/around means don't trust someone or something; Fuck off means fuck off, get out; As for not fucking sb. Get up, which means leave me alone and don't disturb me; Fuck it. Up means to screw things up. Of course, as mentioned above, the word Fuck can replace any verb or noun, as long as the other person can understand it. "Fuck" has a usage rule of "on earth" or "hell" for emphasis, such as "What the fuck are you doing? Or how the fuck am I supposed to fly? Sometimes it can be used with the word shit, but it is better to use it less.

⒉shit

This word means "dung" and "excrement", and sometimes it can even refer to drugs (heroin). Its usage, like Fuck, depends on the user's hobby, but it is mostly a noun usage, which is used to scold someone for disappointing. Like Fuck, the word "shit" often becomes a phrase, which is a bit like "fu" and "alas" in ancient Chinese, but the tone is heavier. Shit! How are you? Or swear, you son of a bitch! Very vulgar usage, or "eat my shit" and "remember me"! As long as the word appears in rap songs, there is nothing good. Of course, when the word shit is used, it sometimes points to good things, and its usage is like pronouns. Like what Da shit! This shit was once referred to as drugs and girls in rap songs. Yo! My big shit! The shit in this language refers to the baby, which means that the usage of shit is very free! And the most familiar usage of shit must be cow shit! Nonsense, it's all nonsense! Empty talk is bullshit! There is a joke that says, "Where is the worst shit?" The answer is "American mouth! It can be seen that the American preference for this word has become an international joke!

3. money.

As an indispensable part of rap, the most common word is cash. After all, cash is the most practical, and I have never heard of using checks in drug transactions. However, in rap, Check(s) is also used as a code for money. The word "bone" means drugs, but it tastes richer. Often interpreted as a team leader, even related to sex. There is a lyric "nearly boneless", which means "worthless" In addition, because the dollar bill is green, green has become the code name of the dollar bill, but green also means drugs. The aforementioned letter "G" also has a grand meaning. A "G" can represent many things (sex, gangs, money). Other commonly used words, such as nickle (nickle), such as dough, blunt (originally meaning "dull" but disguised as "gold ornaments"), ducat (originally referring to gold/silver ornaments used in medieval Europe, now popularly referring to coins or admission tickets), hoot (originally referring to New Zealand dollars, also borrowed by blacks, which is very special).

4. medicine

Buying drugs with money has become an indispensable part of rap. The multi-ethnic color of American national melting pot can also be seen from the names of drugs in black rap songs.

5. Sex

No one can escape sexual needs, and it is inevitable to appear in rap songs. Some words are used to introduce the reproductive organs of men and women, and the act of copulation between men and women, such as sex trade for sexual needs, is described as follows.

A. Male genitalia, such as penis, bone, penis and dog, all refer to important parts of men, while the ball refers to male testicles. Therefore, the phrase "have bones with someone" often appears in coitus phrases.

B. Female genitalia, such as pudenda, buttocks, buckets, etc.

C. Words of copulation between men and women, such as doggy style, doggy way (like a dog's sexual intercourse posture), freak, top-up (the posture of a man and a woman), turn up the bucket, game (such as the single He is gamin' on Ya by salt'n pape), or use busyness to illustrate the fierceness of "war". 69 stands for oral sex, and the rap group 69 boyz is named after it.

D. Code name of young men and women: teens is generally used by young men and women, but the code name of Homeboy is also used. Another word, Homie, although it means intimacy, is mostly related to "gang" activities, but it has also become the code name of friends today. Common names for men are boy, man, bro (abbreviation of brother), crew, buck, fufe, dis, etc. It's very colloquial, but it doesn't respect women's names, such as girl, bitch, sis (sister's abbreviation), prostitute, hoe, hook and so on. And the last three words are "prostitutes" and there is another word PHAT, pronounced with fat, which is a compliment to women. It is the abbreviation of perfection and touching, and can be called "stunner". Therefore, fat originally just means fat, which means "beauty", indicating that English grammar has also undergone great changes. Moreover, the word "fly" can also be said to be the code name of your arrogant brother and sister-in-law, so the rapper Missy Misdemeanor Elliott will sing Supa Dupa Fly.

E. Sexual intercourse between men and women is easy: pimps take pimps as code names (for example, the seventh album, which is too short, is called "Pimp Shorty"), prostitutes take prostitutes, hoes and stinky ho as representative names, and hot objects can also be called hot things, and they climb on someone's ass to represent transactions.

6. Gang members

Gangster, such as "G", refers to Gangstar, Gang refers to guns and a group of people, so does Crew, and bro, hoodlum and Gingkink also refer to gangsters.

Once the police

The police are regarded as a thorn in the side of the gangster rappers, so they call them a lot in the lyrics. The late rapper 2Pac even wrote: "Fuck all policemen, skinheads, Nazis and so on!" In his first album, 2Pac AIYPSE NOW. KRS-ONE, known as the "rap music teacher", also has a song "Black Police", which tells the truth about black police. From this point of view, the signs that rap songs induce fans to kill policemen are obvious. Generally, the police are called Cop (abbreviation of baton Capper), pig, po (abbreviation of police) and Crook. In addition, the name Five-O from the album Detective Tando often appears in rap songs. And doughnuts &; Cafe (doughnuts and coffee) is used to address some idle policemen, almost all of which are negative words.

Death, corpse

Scurface, who released the album My Homies just the day before, became very popular after 1993 released the second album Diary, and sang the single "Dead Hands" with ice cube. However, in the Vibe Q&: Q&A unit, someone asked: Why does Scarface like to sing lyrics about death and corpses so much? The magazine's answer is: because he washed the body in the funeral home for two years. So he likes corpses. Of course, it is not because all rappers have washed their bodies, but the word "death" is indispensable in rap songs. Phrases like deep-six, light sb, turn to the grave, out, etc. Both mean "to die", while cypress hill and six deep feet (meaning that the coffin is buried six feet underground) mean graves, while the verbs of bang and pump are related to being shot.

Pet-name ruby other names

For example, the word juice can be interpreted as juice, but when it is used as a verb, it means "squeezing". For example, the word "You can't squeeze juice out of me, kus, I'm ice cube" in the lyrics is rebellious, but if a woman is juice, it means she must be a "stunner", but juice has a positive explanation, and that is respect. And if you call a person Humpty Dumpty, an egg-shaped person who walks around the wall mentioned in Alice in Wonderland, don't think that this means that you are shining. Very cute, but despise a person's dick.

The formation of black English is caused by the specific social environment, educational background and economic status, and has nothing to do with the nation itself. Not all black people speak black English, and not all people who speak black English are black. What language you speak has something to do with your social environment, not with your skin color.

Black English, like other varieties, is a symbol of national identity and national social culture. The change of a person's language variety means the change of social cultural identity and social values. This is also one of the reasons why blacks are unwilling to give up their language model.