Idiom stories related to Kaifeng

Kaifeng, referred to as Bian for short, is now a prefecture-level city in Henan Province. It is one of the seven ancient capitals of China and one of the first 24 historical and cultural cities announced by the State Council. It is located in the middle of China, on the bank of the Yellow River, and is the cradle of China's history and culture. This is an ancient city with a long history and culture. Today, Bian Xiao will share nine historical allusions about Kaifeng, which I believe readers will be interested in. Nine historical allusions about Kaifeng

collapse

The idiom "divided" is often used to describe extreme dispersion and disunity.

This language comes from Warring States Policy, Volume 22 of Warring States Policy and Wei Yi.

The general idea is that yi cheung (? -In the first 3 10 years, during the Warring States period, military strategists were descendants of Wei nobles. ) Qin Lian Heng was in Wei and told (his son) that Wang Wei's territory was less than a thousand miles.

No more than three hundred thousand soldiers. Topographically, Wei has a flat terrain, no barriers from mountains and rivers, and convenient transportation with vassals in all directions, just like spokes of a wheel gathered on an axle. It's only a hundred miles from Zheng to Wei.

In; From Chen to Wei, it's only over 200 miles. People rushed in and arrived in Wei, not tired at all. Wei Guo borders Chu in the south, South Korea in the west, Zhao in the north, and Qi in the east, so the soldiers should defend all directions.

Boundaries, so that the pavilions and barriers that protect the environment are arranged one after another. There should be no less than 100,000 rivers for transporting grain and granaries for storing rice. The terrain of Wei was originally a place suitable for fighting. If the south of Wei is close to Chu and not to Qi, then

Qi will attack your east; Attach qi to the east without Zhao, and Zhao will attack you from the north; If it does not unite with South Korea, then South Korea will attack the western part of Wei; Unfriendly with Chu, there is Wei in the south.

This will be dangerous. This is Wei's fragmented geographical position.

Su Qin's plan to unite the vassal states is doomed to failure. If the King of Qi does not surrender to the State of Qin, the State of Qin will send troops to attack the river, occupy Zizyphus jujuba (now) and other places, and further threaten the Wei State to seize Jinyang, then

The south can't support Wei, and the north can't unite with Ye Zhao, so the joint channel is broken. At this time, if Qin threatened South Korea to attack Wei, South Korea would certainly obey under the pressure of Qin.

Yes Once the Qin-Han alliance is formed, the day of Wei's demise is not far away. So I think it is better for a king to submit to Qin. As a result, Chu and Han dare not act rashly against Wei, and there is no threat from Chu and Han, your majesty.

You can rest easy, Wei has no worries. Wang Wei said: That's because I was too stupid and made a wrong decision. I would like to be the minister of Qin Dong. ...

Yaoshun shepherd

The allusion of "Yao and Shun herding sheep" comes from Shuo and is related to Liang. Andy (Yang Zhu) was a philosopher and thinker in the Warring States Period. Once, I visited Liang and claimed to govern the country.

Can be as comfortable as running things in the palm of your hand. King Hui of Liang snorted and said, "You can't even manage your own wives and concubines, and you can't even hoe three acres of vegetable fields. How can it be so easy to govern the country? Excuse me, what is your best plan? "

Andy unhurriedly replied, "Of course I have an idea. Has the king ever seen a shepherd? A group of hundreds of sheep, let a shepherd boy take a whip to eat grass, east to east, west to west, because he can eat grass; On the contrary, if it is called

Yao led a sheep ahead and let Shun drive with a whip. No matter how clever they are, even a sheep may not be managed well. This is the beginning of chaos. Although I can't manage my family affairs well, I am like a shepherd boy.

He has his own specialty. He can herd sheep and I can learn knowledge.

Comparing managing people to grazing livestock reflects the opposition between the government and the people under feudal autocracy, but Andy's words reveal the dialectics in leadership work to some extent.

A shepherd boy can manage a flock of sheep well because he has both expertise and good control of the flock; Although Yao and Shun were sages, shepherding sheep was a layman. Moreover, tandem, mutual containment, command can not be consistent, so even a sheep can not be managed well.

(of crimes) countless-countless.

The idiom "table" means that there are countless crimes of pulling hair, and there are too many crimes. This idiom comes from Historical Records Biography of Cai Ze XIX: The Warring States Period.

At that time, one day, King Zhao of Wei sent a doctor to the State of Qi to see Jia, and wei ren accompanied him. King JiXiang heard that Fan Ju was eloquent, and specially gave him ten catties of gold, cattle and wine, which Fan Ju politely declined and dared not accept. Su Jia therefore suspected Fan Ju.

Revealed Wei's secret and told him about it after returning home. Fan Ju was beaten and humiliated, almost to death. Later, with the help of Zheng Anping of Ren Wei, Fan Ju changed his name to Zhang Lu and fled to the State of Qin.

In order to gain the trust of Qin, he became prime minister. Later, JOE went to Qin for Wang Wei. When Fan Ju heard this, he hid his rags and went to JOE's hotel. When JOE saw that Fan Ju was disheveled, he felt sorry for him, so he kept him for dinner and took one with him.

Give each other a thick silk robe. After Fan Ju left, Su Jia was shocked to hear that Zhang Lu, the prime minister of Qin Dynasty, was Fan Ju, so he went over and knelt down naked and was taken into the prime minister's office by the gatekeeper to apologize. Su Jia said, I didn't expect you to climb Qingyun Mountain.

High status, dare not talk about world affairs. I committed a felony. Please exile me to a savage place, whether I am dead or alive, my husband will handle me. Fan Ju said, "How many sins do you have?" In order to get Fan Ju's forgiveness,

He tried his best to review that he had many sins, saying that it was like pulling out a hair to count several sins. If you pull it out, you can't finish it, and you can't finish it. Fan Ju said, "You have three sins, and framing me is one of them. Wei Qi humiliated me in the toilet.

If you don't stop it, this is the second time. Pissing on me when I'm drunk is the third kind. However, you gave me a robe a few days ago. At that time, I didn't know I was Xiang, which meant nostalgia, so I spared you.

Hesitate, solve the problem

Hesitation: a metaphor for having doubts and making up one's mind. Problem solving: it means eliminating danger for others. The idioms of "indecision" and "solving problems" both come from the Warring States Policy, which is published in Volume 20.

In 258 BC, the Qin army surrounded Handan, the capital of Zhao. At the request of the king of Zhao, Wang Wei sent general Jin Bi to lead the troops to rescue, but later, under the threat of the king of Qin, Wang Wei ordered Jin Bi to station troops on the border between the two countries.

At the same time, Wang Wei sent a general Xin to sneak into Handan and told him, "The reason why we besieged Handan is to make Zhao revered as the emperor. If you are willing to do so, Qin will withdraw. " Xin' s remarks made Zhao Wang "hesitant". This is the source of "indecision".

Just at this time, Lu Zhonglian, the imperial historian of Qi State, happened to pass by Zhao State. When I heard that Xin advised Zun to be the emperor, I went to Xin and said, "Qin is a country that doesn't pay attention to propriety and righteousness and is militaristic." They often bully people.

Deception means treating scholars as human beings and people as slaves. If the king of Qin is allowed to be the emperor and rule the world without restraint, then I will have to jump into the sea and commit suicide. I want Wei Heyan to help Zhao. "

Xin asked: I'm wei ren. How can you ask Wei to help Zhao?

Lv Zhonglian said: that's because Wang Wei hasn't seen the harm of holding the king of Qin as emperor. If he does, he will certainly help Zhao.

Xin asked again: what are the disadvantages of letting the king of Qin call himself emperor?

Lv Zhonglian said: Today, Qin is a big country with 10,000 chariots, and Wei is also a big country, all of which have the strength to be king. Seeing that the king of Qin had only fought one battle, he wanted to surrender and respect him as emperor, which was worse than Zou and Lu.

What about those courtiers in small countries who would rather die than surrender? Now the greed of the king of Qin is endless. If he really calls himself emperor, he will replace the ministers of the princes, replace the people he hates, and reuse the people he thinks are talented. He will also put his daughter and that.

Some women who like to speak ill of others marry princes as concubines. Once this kind of person enters the Liang Palace of Wei, can he remain calm? Even a general, can you still keep your current favor?

After listening to Lu Zhonglian, Xin Yanyuan quickly thanked Lu Zhonglian and said, "Sir, you are absolutely right. I'm going back to China to persuade Wang Wei never to mention respecting the king of Qin as emperor again. "

When the generals of Qin heard that the letter was persuaded by Lv Zhonglian, they immediately retreated five miles. Just as Wei Gongzi mowgli seized the relieving of Wei Jiangjin and sent troops to help Zhao, he retreated further.

Later, Ping Yuanjun wanted to send Lu Zhonglian a large sum of money, but Lu Zhonglian refused. Moreover, the role of the wise men in the world is to "solve people's worries, solve people's difficulties, and solve chaos without taking things." This is the source of "problem solving".

Keep a clear head in front of Shi Dafei.

The allusion "The Year of Lv Duan" is often used to describe people who do leadership work. They should pay attention to major issues and should not haggle over details. Only in this way can we grasp the principle, take the right direction, be lenient with others and win the support of the masses.

This allusion comes from the Biography of Lv Duan in Song Dynasty. Lv Duan, Prime Minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, was born in Anci, Youzhou (now Anci District, Langfang City, Hebei Province) in the Song Dynasty. In the first year of Daoguang (995), he followed Lv Mengzheng (Luoyang native, three prime ministers of Taizong and Zhenzong, and buried Wei).

Lv Duan has a stalwart figure, handsome appearance, generous temperament, broad mind and broad mind. He assisted the viceroy twice and was demoted for participating in it. Although he was demoted several times, he didn't care about fame and fortune. Later, it was awarded by Emperor Taizong.

Relying on his knowledge, he was promoted to the position of Zaifu, but Emperor Taizong still hated this late appointment. Lv Duan is politically cautious and has political foresight. He can weigh the pros and cons on major decision-making issues and take appropriate measures. Often live with Kou Zhun.

Humble him, courtiers of the same class hold their own opinions and criticize each other (sound "Jie"), but Lv Duan said nothing. When entering the phase, someone once advised Taizong: "People are confused." Taizong replied, "It's a small matter, but it's a big thing."

Not confused. Determined to meet. "A few things happened in the future, also fully proved that" big things should not be confused ",such as in the disposal of Xixia's mother Li Shi, which fully illustrates this point. At that time, Li, a native of Xixia, often harassed.

In the western frontier of the Northern Song Dynasty, Song Bing captured his mother. Emperor Taizong wanted to kill his mother who moved after him to vent his anger. Lv Duan thought it impossible to kill him. He said to Emperor Taizong: "Xiang Yu arrested Liu Bang's father before and wanted to cook him. Liu bang said to Xiang.

Don't forget to give me a spoonful of soup, too Those who can achieve great things don't consider the safety of their families, not to mention the vicious thieves who keep moving forward. Your majesty killed his mother today, can he move out alive tomorrow? If not, only

It can increase hatred and strengthen the determination to advance and confront our country. "Taizong asked," what should I do? Lu said, "Why don't you put them in Yanzhou, raise them well, recruit them, and then go. "。 Even if we can't force them to surrender immediately, we can let them take care of them. "

Worry, because mother's life and death are in our hands. "Emperor Taizong adopted Lv Duan's suggestion.

In addition, after the death of Emperor Taizong, the chamberlain eunuch Wang Jien plotted to abolish the Crown Prince. After Lv Duan found it in time, he decisively locked Wang Jien in the attic and sent someone to guard him. At the same time, he acceded to the throne and was demoted to the throne. Lv Duan's foresight and decisiveness on major issues proved that Song Taizong's evaluation of Lv Duan was appropriate.

throw the helve after the hatchet

"Put all your eggs in one basket" originally meant that gamblers used all their money as a bet to decide the final outcome. Broadly speaking, it is to make the last adventure with all one's strength in a dangerous situation. More derogatory.

This idiom comes from The Biography of Kou Zhun, the History of Song Dynasty. Song Zhenzong and the Khitan sent troops and surrounded Won State, and the soldiers matched Zhou Bei and Weifang State, which shocked the court in the Northern Song Dynasty. Wang Qinruo, the political governor, and others advocated giving up Tokyo and asked the Emperor to go.

South of the Yangtze River and Sichuan took refuge, which was resolutely opposed by Prime Minister Kou Zhun. At the urging of Kou Zhun and others, Zhenzong made up his mind to make a personal expedition, came to Kuizhou, crossed the river and boarded the Beimenfu. Soldiers from far and near cheered when they saw the emperor's umbrella cover, and their morale was high

Later, it repelled the attack of the Qidan army and formed an alliance with Yuan. Kou Zhun was favored by Shinchan for this. Wang Qinruo was very jealous of Kou Zhun. One day, after appearing in court, Kou Zhun walked first, but Shinzong watched him go away with concerned eyes.

Wang Qinruo said, "Does your majesty respect Kou Zhun because he has contributed to the country?" Zhenzong said, "Exactly." Wang Qinruo said, "Your Majesty was not ashamed of the battle of Ge Yuan. On the contrary, Kou Zhun has contributed to the country. What is this for? "

What? Zhenzong was surprised and asked, "What does this mean?" Wang Qinruo said: "Enemy at the Gates was forced to conclude a peace treaty, and Chunqiu was ashamed of it. War and peace in the Yuan Dynasty were an alliance at the doorstep of military commanders. Book this city with the dignity of the son of heaven

Under the alliance, what could be more shameful? "True cases heard, loss, in the heart is very unhappy. Wang Qinruo added, "Has your majesty ever heard of gambling? When gamblers lose all their money, they take risks and bet all their money.

Actually, it's called despair. Your Majesty was bewitched by Kou Zhun and made a foolish act of putting all your eggs in one basket. How dangerous! "Zhen zong Wang Qinruo words, more and more alienated from Kou Zhun.

Unnecessary worry

The prevalence of "worrying about the sky" is very high, and all children in primary schools know it. Legend has it that once upon a time, there was a man in Qi State (now Qixian County, Kaifeng), who was so worried that the sky would fall and there was nowhere to hide, that he couldn't sleep and couldn't eat.

No meals. When my friend saw this, he was very uneasy, so he went to enlighten him and said, "The sky is just thick gas. Your every move, breathe in and out, live in the center of the sky from morning till night. How can you worry about the sky falling? "

But Qi is even sadder. He said, "well, what if the sun, stars and moon fall in the sky?" My friend patiently explained, "The sun, the moon and the stars are just glowing air masses. Even if they fall, they will still. "

It won't hurt anyone. The Qi people asked again, "What if the ground collapses?" The friend replied, "The earth is nothing but dirt and stones. These things are everywhere, without any gaps. How to bear it?

Heart they will collapse? "Hearing these words, alarmist people settle down.

Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, skillfully used this allusion in his poem Song of Fu Liang: "If heaven is dishonest, why should Qi worry?" Li Bai used this to dispel other people's concerns, which is also a positive solution to "worrying about the sky." such as

From today's perspective, Qi people's worries are not groundless and whimsical, but are probably caused by natural phenomena such as extraterrestrial meteorites and earthquake disasters. It shows that alarmists are thoughtful and prescient and should be prevented.

Before things happen. What's more, the seemingly ridiculous Qi people have an earlier concern for the country and the people. Why can't it be regarded as a historical praise for aligning people? There is enough space for the meat cleaver.

I know that the story of cattle is almost a household name, and the usage rate of idioms derived from it is also quite high. But did you know it was made in Kaifeng? During the Warring States Period, Wei Huiwang once went down to inspect.

I saw my skilled workers kill cows. My master is a famous chef of Dewey Daliang. When he dissects a cow, his movements and the sound of a knife are as rhythmic as music. He separated the bones and meat of the cow effortlessly, and his hands began to fall.

Clean and tidy. King Hui was surprised and asked him, "Why is your craft so high?" My master replied, "this is not surprising, because I am already familiar with the structure of cattle." At first, I saw the whole cow, studying.

After three years, I have a good understanding of joints, bones, muscles, cutting methods and force. It is naturally effortless to separate them one knife at a time. King Hui was fascinated and asked, "Your knife must be very polished."

Come on, okay? "He said with a smile," most people use a knife and change it once a month, because the blade often touches the bone. Experts who slaughter cattle only change their knives once a year, because they only use knives to cut meat. I have used this knife for 19 years. What is anatomy?

Thousands of cows are still like new knives. In fact, the blade is very thin, wandering in the middle of the bone seam, and the meat falls off one by one. Sometimes you have to be careful and concentrate. King Hui nodded and said, "Well said, I learned a lot from it.

Something useful. "This leads to the idiom-with ease.

This idiom tells us at least two things. First, leaders should go deep into reality, investigate and study, and be good at finding talents and solving problems. Second, study hard, practice makes perfect, and find out the rules, so that you can do more with ease and get twice the result with half the effort. Try to drive the chariot north to the south-act against your intentions.

This idiom is also related to Wang Wei. But this is a story of a minister who is good at reasoning. During the Warring States Period, Wang Wei wanted to send troops to attack Handan, the capital of Zhao. Liang Ji, the minister who is working in other places, heard about this matter and immediately came back to get dressed.

Without changing clothes or washing his face, he hurried to see Wang Wei. Wang Wei was surprised and asked him, "You came back halfway. Is there anything urgent? " Liang Ji seems to be irrelevant: "Yes, I saw one under Taihang Mountain when I came back."

Strange guy. He drove a carriage to the north, but he said he was going to Chu. I said, why did you go north instead of south when you went to Chu? He said it's okay. His horse is good and fast. I said, but this is not the way to Chu!

He said, no, he brought a lot of money. I said, what's the use of the money you brought? He insisted that my coachman was highly skilled. I had to look at him and shake my head and sigh: No matter how good your conditions are, you are in the wrong direction, and you can only get closer and closer to Chu.

As far away as possible! Wang Wei was amused and said, "There is no such stupid person in the world. Liang Ji went on to say, "Now, your wish is to establish a hegemony and become the leader of a vassal. But you fought Zhao, hoping to expand your territory and lift it.

High prestige. The more times you attack other countries, the farther away you are from your wishes, which is the same as going north to Chu! "

There is philosophy in the story. What Liang Ji should learn is that we must persuade Wang Wei not to send troops. Telling the truth with stories, Wang Wei is very pleasant to listen to. Otherwise, the result of dissuasion will be "counterproductive".

to cast pearls before swine

Not long ago, the TV series Hanwu the Great reminded us of Liu Wu, the King of Liang. He was portrayed as a figure with ambition to become an emperor, but he was saved from death thanks to the protection of Dou Taihou. In fact, Liang Wang is.

A talented and ambitious bannerman. His fief was in Kaifeng today, and Liang Garden was built, which is the predecessor of Yuwangtai. He not only helped the Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to quell the rebellion of the princes, but also carried forward the unscrupulous recruitment of talents by Xinlingjun in the Warring States Period.

Great thinkers and writers like Mei Cheng and Sima Xiangru are familiar with the tradition of scholars. If history gives him a chance, he may be an emperor who won't let Hanwu.

The idiom "casting pearls before swine" is also an example of Liang Wang's respect for talents and broad mind. Zou Yang, a writer, is very knowledgeable. Because he dissuaded Liu Bi from rebelling against the imperial court, Liu Bi didn't listen and had to dedicate himself to Liu Wu, the king of Liang.

The public. But some people are jealous of him and say a lot of bad things about him. As a result, Liang Wang arrested him and tried to kill him. Zou Yang was not convinced, so he wrote a letter to Liang Wang. The letter said: "I heard that the most precious pearl of the moon in the world is luminous."

And choi, if secretly thrown on the road, people will not regard it as a treasure, but will squint at the sword. Why? It turned out that it came to the front for no reason; Cars made of roots and bent wood were not good at first, but they were good.

Celebrities look at it and decorate it. Therefore, it may be futile to give the best treasure if no one introduces it. What if someone introduced you? Even if the rotten wood cannot be carved, people will remember it as a credit. From this perspective, people in the world are poor.

Scholars, even if they have Yao Shun's skill, Yi Yin's talent and Bi Gan's heart, can't achieve it without referrals! Liang Wang was very moved after reading it, so he let him out and sincerely worshipped him as a guest of honor.

This idiom is similar to Han Yu's "Ma Shuo". If you want to find someone who understands pearls, throw them on the side of the road, and others will not recognize them. He who knows pearls is like Bole. They should have vision and mind, identify talents, reuse talents, and let pearls shine.

Auxiliary words in literary Chinese-pedantic terms/nonsense

The invention copyright of this idiom belongs to Zhao Kuangyin, Song Taizu. Zhao Kuangyin Chen Qiao mutinied and became the founding emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty. Once he went to the south to inspect, and the chariot arrived at the door of Suzaku's house. He looked up and saw the words "Zhu" written on his forehead.

The four characters of "Suzaku Gate" are very strange, so I asked Zhao Pu, the prime minister beside me, "Why not write" Suzaku Gate "but" Suzaku Gate "? What's the use of adding a word? " Zhao Pu told him:

"This is using the word' zhi' as an auxiliary word." Zhao Kuangyin said with a smile: "Even these empty words are helpful?" This story spread to the people, and people with good deeds made up a proverb: "What?"

Those who use it are also clumsy and good scholars. "This allusion was recorded in Shan Ye Ji written by Wen Ying in Song Dynasty. This "emperor immediately" has no culture, and it is not necessarily ridiculous to make some jokes. Say what you don't understand,

Much better than putting on airs and putting on airs. The dramatic plot lies in the fact that it was this uneducated emperor who later set up a "right to use alcohol to eliminate soldiers", which made the policy of valuing literature over martial arts last for many years.

The idiom "what is it" is just a topic that adds cultural connotation to Suzaku Garden today. The stories and looks of the characters are lifelike, just like a group of lifelike sculptures. Reading is beneficial.

There has always been a reading style in Kaifeng. This may prove the profound cultural heritage from one side. However, in the end, the credit must be in the name of Song Taizong Zhao Guangyi. Zhao Guangyi likes reading very much. male

People think that the king of a country must have rich knowledge and nutrition. He once asked Premier Li Yun to write an encyclopedia dictionary. After years of hard work, I finally compiled Magnolia Taiping, Guangji Taiping and Wenyuan Huaying. It is said that Emperor Taizong

I read three volumes of Magnolia Taiping every day. If you don't finish reading it because you are busy that day, you must make time to make up for it the next day. A minister said to him, "It is too hard for your majesty to handle state affairs and read this big book!" "

Taizong replied: "As long as I open the book, I can get a lot of benefits, so I don't feel tired." This is the origin of the idiom "Open book is beneficial".

Isn't this idiom the best encouragement for Kaifeng people today to read more books, enhance their wisdom and build the ancient capital better? Good books are with culture, good books are with charm, and good books are with life.

Li Mian buried silver.

The allusion of "Li Mian buried silver" means that people should abide by honesty, care for each other, help each other and ask for nothing in return.

This allusion comes from New Tang Book Volume 144 Biography 56.

Li Mian's great-grandfather was Li, the thirteenth son of Li Yuan. He liked reading when he was young. He used to be the magistrate of Kaifeng Prefecture, and later served as the overseer in Lingwu, Ningxia, where he studied under Su Heng. During his tenure, he urged Emperor Su Zong not to kill prisoners. After two years in old age, he died at the age of 72.

In the second year of Li Jian (78 1), when Li Mian was appointed as the military ambassador and Bianzhou secretariat, Bianzhou City in the Southern and Northern Dynasties was rebuilt, which laid the foundation of Kaifeng City Wall.

Although Li Mian is a descendant of the royal family, his family was poor when he was young. Once I lived in a hostel with a Confucian scholar who was terminally ill. On his deathbed, the Confucian scholar took out the money he brought and gave it to Li Mian, saying, Please prepare for me after I die.

After the funeral, I will give you more money, which is just between us. Li Mian insisted on not accepting any extra money, but in order to satisfy his last wish, he agreed to the request of the Confucian scholars. When burying Confucian scholars, Li Mian buried the remaining silver in the coffin. Treat Confucian scholars

When people came to thank Li Mian, Li Mian opened the coffins of Confucian scholars and returned all the remaining money to his family. This is the origin of "Li Mian buried silver".

Excerpted from China Labyrinth,