Who can tell me Qian Zhongshu's writing style?

Qian Zhongshu is a unique satirical novelist in the modern literary world. He profoundly exposed the dark side of society and human beings. His wand-like pen, sharp, witty and playful, lashed out at social, life, psychological and moral pathologies.

Qian Zhongshu likes to look at all kinds of bad qualities of human nature with the eyes of a wise man, and makes good use of the most basic expressions of modernist literature, such as symbols. He often uses incisive words to bring out sharp meaning, profound meaning, concise writing and hit the nail on the head. This special writing style is particularly evident in his works "Man, Beast, Ghost" and "Besieged City".

His writing is wanton and humorous, full of wisdom and philosophy, as well as ridicule and ridicule of the secular. He ranks among the masters of modern prose with only ten essays, but the few short stories are different in style, profound in meaning and breathtaking.

Qian Zhongshu's Humor

A Qing poet Zhang Chao said in a dream: "Only talent can be combined with fun." If we want to recommend China intellectuals who meet this standard, I think Mr. Qian Zhongshu is the most suitable representative. Unlike many Old Master Q who read a lot of poems, he is really a very interesting, humorous and "funny" person.

Most people learn this from the wonderful metaphor of Fortress Besieged. In fact, even his two profound academic works, Guanzui Bian and Qin Yi Lu, are full of humor, which can make people who know each other laugh from time to time.

Qian Zhongshu is good at using serious academic arguments to intersperse some jokes and stories to relax your brain and nerves. In Pipe Cone, he quoted the story of "the Monkey King's lewdness", "There is a toilet in the sky", "Eunuch praises chastity, camel praises honour", "Du Futong's Latin", "A pair of illegitimate children cheated on each other after giving birth" and "The old man didn't intend to give birth to me at first, but only wanted happiness". Zhuangzi's drum basin is actually because. The story of "Dancing Unconsciously" is a story that is finally liberated from henpecked, an amazing saying that the protagonist is willing to be the toilet that his sweetheart has sat on, a quip that "the food is harmonious, and the gas can't escape", a joke that the old woman urinates in the sea and talks to herself "no small supplement", and a donkey in the garden complains "You are so bored!" Look, I'm just talking, okay I am meditating. "These little humors are everywhere, which shows that Qian Zhongshu's study life is not boring at all.

Qian Zhongshu is good at dismantling the common phenomenon of ordinary people with a smile, either asking why or giving a funny reason solemnly. It is said that an ugly daughter "lives alone and hates the night, while Mo Mu is afraid of the day". He asked: how can people be afraid day and night? Is there a time in the universe that is neither day nor night? Wei Wendi didn't like the lychee that Yang Guifei was greedy later. Qian Zhongshu guessed that "there is no world of mortals flying around, and the spit has become fragrant for one day, discolored for two days, and stale for three days". What is particularly wonderful is that he also pointed out that Cao Zhi's seven-step poem is actually a great fortune in misfortune. Fortunately, there is no limit to the number of sentences, and it is no problem to hand in six sentences. If it is stipulated that sixteen sentences must be completed within seven steps, ten Cao Zhi will not be enough. Interesting is interesting, but when you think about it, it's really such a principle.

Many times Qian Zhongshu is keen on teasing the ancients. In his eyes, they are not sages at all, just like brothers and sisters sitting on their own hot kang in winter and chatting at home. He said that there was a writer in the Tang Dynasty who liked to write long inscriptions and was suspected of coveting the manuscript fee. He also said that a line in Ibsen's play can be used as an artistic reference, which is "wax gourd marks frog Zen"; I also joked that writing "Gouhun" in The Scholars is like "inviting guests to send a bill"; He believes that Wang Chong's atheism can be described as "goblin theory" in essence. It is also found that many derogatory terms in Chinese characters are accompanied by women. "If Zhou Lao made a gift, it would be unnecessary"; He decided that Qu Yuan's Tian Wen didn't expect a definite answer, but Liu Zongyuan's Tian Dui was justified and imposed the name of "satire" on the former, just as Grandpa asked his grandson to share the rewards. He also laughed at Huang Tingjian's misunderstanding of the lost dog as a stray dog. He is afraid of mosquito bites, but he firmly believes that if Su Shi is a good sleeper, "flying mosquitoes will disturb his temples and shake his stomach and snore"; He also ridiculed Wang Anshi, saying that when Wang wrote articles, he was also full of political reforms and replaced the quips of his predecessors, so that "the worst way is to stay for a long time and not return for a long vacation"; He laughed at Hao Yuan's grandiloquence that "northerners don't accept the complaints of Jiangxi people" and asked him to secretly learn from Jiangxi School, which happened to be ruthlessly retaliated by another grandiloquence of this person, "Qu Nong's eyes are big". He also called Yuan Mei, who praised celebrities and newcomers at the bottom of the pen, "Sung River in a timely rain". Extremely smart and lively.

Some of his humorous jokes are simply original and naive. For example, after he quoted the story that Tian Dan's fire bull array set fire to the oxtail, he immediately quoted the story in Hannibal that he set fire to the ox horn and rushed out of the encirclement of the Roman army. Then he sat motionless and muttered, "which is better, a forehead fire or getting angry?" Someone has to talk. " "I can't help but snow a loud laugh.

Naturally, humor is a sign of cleverness. Just a moment's silence not only shows the acrimony of satirizing the world, but also injects a refreshing agent into the plain life, which is beneficial to people's minds and refreshing. However, cleverness and meanness are often only one step away. When a person is smart, the humor that comes out of his mouth can easily become mean, or to put it bluntly, it hurts others. Just as Lin Daiyu, a girl from Suzhou, teased Granny Liu as a "female locust", Qian Zhongshu, a gifted scholar from Wuxi, also likes to give people nicknames, even making a few harmless metaphors.

He sarcastically said that although the poems written by Qing Dynasty poet Qian Zai were masculine, they had no bones, just like "the skin of a fat old woman was slow and wrinkled". If the money family were alive to hear this, it would be strange not to be angry and vomit blood. He thinks that the monk's comments on Zen in the Tang Dynasty are not refined, just like a "wife's tongue", which is really annoying. Han Yu is finally a literate sect, isn't it? Qian Zhongshu refused to buy it, saying that he always went back on his word after saying it. "Like a donkey in a mill." Mei Yao Chen is finally everyone in the Northern Song Dynasty, right? Qian Zhongshu did not try to please him, saying that his text-based poems "are not enough to cook porridge with square meters, but only to soak rice in soup." He simply described the "plate weight" of Han Fu as "making solid steamed bread with fermented flour". He mocked a person who learned badly from Li Bai, but only "ate dead beef", and evaluated those scholars who tried to read the Book of Songs through the Analects of Confucius, just like "a gentleman on a beam jumped off a beam." He satirized the research methods of whether Yuhuan was a virgin when she entered the palace, saying that there was no difference between literature research and "short stories", and laughed at the naive idea that she had no right to comment on her works unless she was an author, which was equivalent to saying that she could not be a veterinarian if she was not a horse, a cow or a dog. He also made strict arrangements, believing that some Buddhists and Taoists invariably pursued the immortal ways of Mahayana Buddhism and Taoism. Wait, wait. We will feel that this kind of humor is different from the humor mentioned above. To be fair, after all, it seems a bit mean, and to some extent it can be called the same strain as the style of Fortress Besieged.

About besieged city

Fortress Besieged is an anxious work by Qian Zhongshu. Written in the turbulent Shanghai at the end of the Anti-Japanese War, as he said in the preface, "I have been worried about the country and the people for two years." This book disappeared soon after it was published in China, and nobody cared about it for decades. The flowers in the wall are fragrant outside, but the besieged city enjoys a high reputation abroad. Xia Zhiqing, a famous Chinese-American literary critic, said in the History of Modern Novels in China: "Fortress Besieged is the most interesting and meticulously managed novel in modern China literature, and it may also be the greatest one." His comments have led to the appearance of many western versions, and Qian Zhongshu, as a writer, has gradually attracted the attention of the world.

China's criticism of Fortress Besieged can be roughly divided into two aspects. On the one hand, Fortress Besieged ignores the reality, does not directly publicize the war of resistance, and does not closely serve the real struggle. This kind of criticism was encountered shortly after the book was published, which is not unreasonable, but it is obviously absurd to deny the value of Fortress Besieged. The real meaning of a work lies in its ideological and literary nature, not in its propaganda. On the other hand, critics think that Fortress Besieged satirizes life, love, education and career in a naked way, which is too harsh and cold. This is a matter of opinion. On the other hand, this is where it succeeds. Only when it is cold can it be profound, which is somewhat similar to the Great Soul Torturer by the great Russian writer Dostoevsky.

Fortress Besieged skillfully combines profound tragic implication with rich comedy color, and it is handled very successfully. Its artistic charm comes from Qian Zhongshu's satirical humor and his witty remarks. Fortress Besieged depicts all kinds of experiences of Fang Hongxian, who is as timid as a mouse and wanders around the world, and creates distinctive characters such as Chu, Dong Xiechuan, Li, Han, Gao Songnian and Su, which deeply lashes the vulgarity, boredom and vanity of intellectuals. For example, Fang Hung-chien bought a fictional doctorate in philosophy from an Irish swindler for 40 yuan, Han claimed that his ugly Belarusian wife was of American descent, and Li flirted with the widow in Suzhou, all of which were impressive. Like any great work in the world, Fortress Besieged inevitably has its shortcomings. On the other hand, its satire is extremely successful, which inevitably reveals the helplessness of life. Although it is true, it still brings negative emotions to some readers. This is the subtlety of the success or failure of Fortress Besieged, and it is also an important reason for being criticized. But this is not enough to belittle its greatness, and the tragic philosophical consciousness of the theme will become one of the eternal topics of literary debate.

People who hold a negative attitude can't deny that Fortress Besieged is an anomaly of China's novels, a wonderful flower, a model and a peak of satirical literature, and it is outstanding and unique even among world famous works. Its achievements in satirical language are unparalleled, with all wonderful metaphors and couplets, a large number of epigrams and many paragraphs and sentences.

In a word, Fortress Besieged is a strange and great novel and a unique literary phenomenon. It does not represent China culture, nor does it compete with other novel schools. For readers, it can bring you pleasure and meditation in reading; For literary history researchers, it is an existence that cannot be ignored.