Why do some Nanling people talk like singing? Now I finally understand.

On the Dialect Culture of Yashan District in Nanling County (I)

There are many dialects in China. Dialect, as an objective existence, conveys the cultural attributes of different regions and the cultural symbols it represents. Each dialect has its own cultural characteristics, which cannot be replaced by other dialects. The author believes that its cultural value is worthy of respect and inheritance.

Linguistic experts say: "The cultural value of every language actually includes the existence of dialects." In this sense, the significance and value of studying, exploring, developing and protecting the unique dialect culture in Nanshan Yashan area are self-evident.

First, the basic situation of Yashan dialect

The local dialect in Yashan is very unique and difficult to understand, and foreigners can't understand it when they come to Yashan. The author has made numerous translations. Some people who come from other places to work in Yashan often live in Yashan for many years and still can't understand the local dialect.

Dialect, commonly known as local dialect, is only used in a certain area. It is not a language independent of the national language, but only the language used in some areas.

Dialect is gradually formed through a long process of evolution. From the perspective of academic research, there are many factors that constitute dialects, including social, historical and geographical factors. For example, population migration, mountain and river barriers and so on.

After years of investigation and study, the author found that the dialect in Yashan area is centered on Yashan, with a radiation radius of about 10 km, covering the whole original Yashan town and surrounding villages such as Shunchong, Tan Jian and Tongling, such as Jin Lan, Fenghuang, Yaoshan and Dulong in Qingyang, with a total population of about 20,000.

The area is karst landform, and its specific landform features are: surrounded by mountains, with mountains on the mountains, which are continuous, forming a natural landscape environment of "ups and downs" and "rushing". The altitude varies from 80m to 400m m, and the ancient clans live together and the traffic is blocked. Therefore, this area often shows the poet Lu You's "mountain heavy water doubt."

On the one hand, from the Qin Dynasty to the Han Dynasty, the Sui and Tang Dynasties and even the Song Dynasty, this area was occupied by Shanyue people. Secondly, from the genealogy of each surname, the migration of Han people to Yashan began in bits and pieces in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and gradually increased in the Southern Song Dynasty, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Therefore, the author believes that such geographical environment and population migration provide the necessary objective conditions for the formation and development of the unique dialect culture in Yashan area.

Second, the basic attributes and characteristics of Yashan dialect

As we all know, there are eight dialect families in China: 1, northern dialect; 2. Wu language; 3. Hunan dialect; 4. Gan dialect; 5. Hakka dialect; 6. Northern Fujian dialect; 7. Minnan dialect; 8. Cantonese. Historically, we used to simply classify the dialects around Nanshan Yashan as Wu family, but the author thinks this is very inappropriate through investigation and research.

I think Yashan dialect is particularly unique, especially unique. It has similarities in Wu dialect and in Gan dialect, but it is quite different from them. For example, I in the first person is pronounced as E and A in Yashan area, which is close to "A" and quite different from "Nong" in Shanghai Wu dialect and "An" in Shandong, a northern language family.

In Yashan dialect, the word "I" is pronounced as "A" and the word "Ya" is pronounced as "A". The words "Ya" and "a" are confused. A duck is "A" (I), and "A" (I) is also a "duck". For example, the pronunciation of "shoes" is almost the same as that of "children" in Mandarin. In the history of Yashan, someone's shoes fell into the water, shouting: I (a) "Children" fell into the water, and outsiders hurriedly came to save the joke story of "shoes".

Wu dialect calls "knowledge" knowledge, and Yashan area also calls "knowledge" small, and "ignorance" is called "not small". The pronunciation of the word "this" is gi, which sounds a bit like "Luo" but without the sound of I, and the word "Ren" is pronounced as Lin, which sounds a bit like the word "Lin", such as "this person" and "Rogrun" in Yashan area; For example, Mandarin "that place" is often called "a block". Judging from the pronunciation of these simple words, the dialect in Yashan area and Wu dialect show the linguistic characteristics of "similarities and differences, differences and similarities".

The pronunciation of some words in Yashan area is obviously the same as that in Gan dialect. For example, the word Yue sounds the same as Yao's pronunciation in Yashan area, and the "Great Leap Forward" has become "great progress"; The three words "Xie", "Xie" and "Xie" are generally used in Yashan, and they are all pronounced gai with Gai. For example, "Jie" is pronounced "Gaixian" and "Chiang Kai-shek" is pronounced "Jiang Gai's"; "Liberation" is pronounced as "cover and release"; The "jiao" in RMB is generally pronounced as Mao, which can be divided into "Mao" and "Ten". These are all pronounced the same as Gan dialect.

Yashan dialect is a "local dialect" and a "local accent". Although there are social obstacles, it brings inconvenience, but it is also a link to contact the nostalgia. In my opinion, as the saying goes, "the local accent is hard to change", many literati and poets have been attached to the local accent throughout the ages, and the wanderers who have left their homes are always extremely excited to hear the familiar local accent in a foreign land. In this sense, dialect is home; It is a relative, and it is integrated into people's feelings. Dialect should be fully respected in front of Putonghua.

There are also some differences and subtle differences between Yashan dialect and Yashan dialect. This difference is easy for local Yashan people to distinguish, but foreigners can't. Almost every mountain village in Yashan area has its own characteristics in dialect pronunciation. For example:? Comparison between West Lake Natural Village and Dayuan Natural Village. W Hucun dialect has a gentle and short pronunciation with a slightly heavy initial, while Dayuancun dialect has a slight charm, a long and delicate pronunciation, which is especially suitable for female friends. Their dialect sounds like singing.