What are the top ten treasures in the world?

The top ten treasures in the world: Tutankhamun Mausoleum Tutankhamun was a young Egyptian Pharaoh more than 3,300 years ago. He used to run a huge empire on the golden throne. His rule was short and he died suddenly at the age of 18. During the long Pharaoh's era in Egypt, Tutankhamun was unknown because of his short reign, and his sudden death also made him have no luxury pyramid mausoleum built in advance. Due to obscurity, its mausoleum has never been discovered for a long time. Archaeologist howard carter is familiar with the history of ancient Egypt, and it is his lifelong dream to discover Tutankhamun's mausoleum. Starting from 1903, he led his assistants to search every inch of land in the Valley of the Kings, from 1922 to165438+10.5, and finally found the entrance to Tutankhamun's mausoleum after/kloc-0.9. It is actually located under the tomb of another famous Pharaoh, Ramses VI, and was excavated in rocks. This is the only complete tomb of Pharaoh in 3300 years, the most luxurious tomb in Egypt, and the greatest discovery in the archaeological history of Egypt and even the world. Carter thought the tomb of the young Pharaoh would be simpler, but the excavation three years later confirmed the stupidity of this expectation to the whole world. Carter said that it was reasonable that Tutankhamun's only outstanding achievement in his life was to die and be buried. Because of the discovery of its mausoleum, it has become the most thorough shock and ridicule of ancient civilization to modern human beings. The pure gold mask, the coffin made of pure gold, the jewel throne carved in pure gold, the pure gold relief covered on the wall of the tomb, and the intact mummy ... all these make human beings marvel. What's the difference between Egyptian craft 3300 years ago and ours now? The discovery of Tutankhamun's mausoleum is the peak of the success of world archaeological work and an important turning point in archaeological history. All unearthed cultural relics exceed 10000 pieces, and each piece is priceless. It took Carter three years to transport them all out of the grave. At that time, the scene that the digger carried out the cow head tomb of the goddess Hator from the tomb mouth has become an unsurpassed classic in archaeological history. It took the Egyptian government another 65,438+00 years to transport them to Cairo, which eclipsed all the collections before the Cairo Museum. It may take a long time to study them thoroughly. The unparalleled historical value of cultural relics and the mystery it contains make Tutankhamun's mausoleum rank first among the top ten treasures in the world and second among the top ten treasures in the world: British royal jewels. About 1600 years ago, a powerful royal family rose on the earth, which is the British royal family. The British royal family is the oldest existing royal family, and the coronation ceremony of each generation of monarchs strictly follows the same tradition, which makes the coronation ceremony of the British royal family the oldest existing and still being held. At the coronation ceremony, the crown worn by the king or queen and the power struggle in their hands have become the focus of global attention. "African Star" and "Cullinan II" In order to make the battle between crown and power a unique symbol of power in the world, the royal families of all dynasties have tried their best to collect diamonds and jewels, believing that rare diamonds can best reflect the dignity of the royal family. The course of collecting diamonds for centuries has gradually formed the most famous family treasure in the world. The crowns worn by the early great kings and queens have been lost. The king and his relatives had to sell many treasures in order to wage war, rebuild the palace destroyed by fire and hold a royal wedding. In the Middle Ages, kings usually carried royal treasures with them in battle because they didn't trust their relatives who stayed in the palace. The anti-kingship movement that broke out in England from 65438 to 0648 had a great influence on the British royal family, and many precious crowns and power struggles were lost. 1660 after the restoration of the British royal family, a large-scale project to rebuild the crown and power began. Since then, many rare treasures have been preserved. With the development of the royal family, since the18th century, the British royal family has had specialized jewelers who have produced the most exquisite jewelry with extraordinary skills. With the continuous expansion of power, Britain has become the most powerful colonial empire in the world. Among them, colonial India and South Africa were famous for producing diamonds and precious stones, and these two places supplied countless first-class diamonds to the British royal family. And some small and weak countries are also willing to give their most precious jewels to Britain, mostly with the idea of breaking money and avoiding disasters. Members of the royal family are very used to exchanging jewels. A sapphire originally thought to be embedded in the ring worn by King Edward Xi when he entered the coffin is now shining on the "Crown of the Empire". This crown is also inlaid with two strings of pearls, which are said to be worn by Queen Mary of Scotland when she was beheaded in 1587. /kloc-Queen Victoria, the monarch of the 0/9th century, was particularly keen on collecting jewels. She was intoxicated with the treasures collected from all over the empire. Among her treasures is a thumb-sized Indian diamond called "Mountain of Light", which is the oldest diamond found so far. 1304 was discovered in India, and the original weight was 19 1 carat. Later, Queen Victoria felt that it was not shiny enough and needed to be reworked, only 108.93 carats. It is this diamond embedded in the queen's crown that inspired Wilkie Collins to create the classic Moon Stone. However, the "Mountain of Light" is also dwarfed by the "Star of Africa", the largest diamond in history. 1905, an original diamond mine weighing 3 106 carats was discovered in South Africa. The newly opened transatlantic cable quickly spread the news all over the world. At that time, experts in the gem industry estimated that the value of the original diamond was as high as $7.5 billion. As South Africa was a British colony at that time, everyone agreed to transport it to London and dedicate it to King Edward VII. This unique treasure has aroused the imagination of jewelry thieves all over the world, and the relevant personnel have spent several months thinking about how to ensure transportation safety. Finally, Scotland Yard decided that the best principle was "the simpler the safer". Diamonds as big as eggplant were mailed in an unmarked package and appeared in the royal mail bag of Buckingham Palace a month later. On February 1908 and 10, this giant diamond was cut into several pieces for processing. The total amount of finished diamonds processed is 1063.65 carats, all of which are owned by the British royal family. The largest diamond is named "Cullinan 1", also known as "Star of Africa", weighing 530.02 carats. The second largest is named "Cullinan 2" and weighs 3 17.4 carats. Now the egg-sized "Star of Africa" is embedded at the top of the king's throne, with 2444 diamonds on it. Cullinan II, the size of pigeon eggs, is embedded in the most important crown of the British royal family-the Imperial Crown. The history of human exploitation and utilization of diamonds has been nearly a thousand years, but diamonds larger than 20 carats are extremely rare, and diamonds larger than 100 carats are regarded as national treasures. But there are several such national treasures in the collection of the British royal family. Now the royal family is no longer blindly pursuing to concentrate all the biggest diamonds on the crown. You know, when King William IV was crowned in 1830, he played a joke and failed to enjoy himself. The luxurious monarch insisted on setting all diamonds and precious stones in the crown. As a result, the crown was too heavy, and the king had a sharp pain in his neck, so he had to interrupt the coronation ceremony and then pull out a molar. The British royal family owns 22,599 gems and jewels, but the actual value is difficult to count. British royal jewels rank second among the top ten treasures in the world and third among the top ten treasures in the world, because they represent the dignity and tradition of the oldest royal family. The sinking of the Spanish Lady Atoka took the most barbaric way to plunder colonial wealth. At that time, South America was proved to be rich in gold and silver mines and other rare resources, so the only job of Spanish colonists in the New World was to mine and manage mines. Shiploads of gold and silver treasures became evidence of colonial plunder. Spanish gold carriers are most afraid of pirates and hurricanes. In order to deal with pirates, each fleet is equipped with "escort ships" equipped with cannons and strong hulls. Mrs. Atoka is such an escort ship. 1622 In August, Mrs. Atoka's fleet of 29 ships returned to Spain from South America full of treasures. Because it is a convoy, everyone put the most precious and valuable treasure on Mrs. Atoka. Unfortunately, Mrs. Atoka's cannon had no deterrent effect on the hurricane. When the fleet sailed to the sea between Havana and Cuba, the hurricane swept through the last five ships of the fleet. "Mrs. Atoka" became the first target because of its heavy load and the slowest sailing speed. The ship soon sank to the bottom of 17 meters. Sailors on other ships immediately jumped into the water, hoping to save some treasures, but just as they found the wreckage and prepared to salvage gold bars, another powerful hurricane struck, killing all the people underwater. Mel Fisher defined herself as a treasure hunter. 1955, he set up a company called "Save the Treasure" to search for Spanish sunken ships in the waters near Southern California. During his 20-year salvage career, Fisher successively salvaged six famous Spanish shipwrecks, became a celebrity in the circle and made a lot of money. Unconsciously, Fisher reached retirement age, but he didn't want to leave the salvage ship, because he had vowed to find the legendary Mrs. Atoka who had the most treasures. So the family gave up the normal operation of the company for this ideal, and Fisher's wife, son and daughter went into the water with their father to find their dreams at the bottom of the sea. Their search is meticulous, and whenever they see something that is not a stone, they use a metal detector to detect it. 1On July 20th, 985, Fisher and her family found Mrs. Atoka and several tons of gold on it, but this joy was diluted by 30 years of hard work. Fisher thought that God would let him find Mrs. Atoka, but he has been testing his patience. There are 40 tons of treasure on this sunken ship, which is called the largest treasure on the seabed, including nearly 8 tons of gold and 500 kilograms of precious stones. All the treasures are worth about $400 million. In the United States, the story of Fisher's search for Mrs. Atoka became the story of China's "iron pestle grinding into a needle", and "looking for Atoka" even became a common phrase, which implied that if you persist in your dreams, you will succeed. The treasure on Mrs. Atoka is entirely won by quantity. Tons of gold and a family's 30-year fleeting time make it the third of the top ten treasures in the world.