Qin: the only yellow joke in the warring States policy

Qin people lived in Xiqiao for a long time. Although they have been fighting against dogs and other aliens, their life has always been a state of living with Xirong. At that time, Sima Qian recorded more than a dozen Rongdi tribes around the Qin Dynasty, including Xirong, Canrong, Tangut, Bo, Rui, Pengxi, Ji, Li, Dali, Yiqu and Mianzhu. Qin lived as a nomad and lived with these so-called "barbarians". After all, he is Edie himself. Therefore, Gu Liang Zhuan in the Spring and Autumn Period called Qin Wei "Emperor Qin" and asserted that "Qin people are foreigners". The difference is that he took the initiative to move closer to the center of the Central Plains, while other nationalities just invaded and plundered blindly. The complex relationship between Qin and its neighboring Rongdi is both * * and struggling, which makes Qin's cultural customs bear a strong Rongdi brand.

Before Qin Jianguo, even in the Spring and Autumn Period more than 300 years after the founding of the People's Republic of China, summer was almost isolated from other countries. This situation was not broken until the end of Qin Mugong's Spring and Autumn Period, or even the Qin Xiaogong era. Perhaps it was because the Qin Dynasty was busy fighting Rongdi and had no time and energy to deal with the eastern countries. Perhaps it is because the Yellow River flows through the middle and the mountains extend from north to south, which hinders traffic and isolates information. In any case, it is an ironclad fact that Qin was hardly influenced by patriarchal culture in the Xia Dynasty.

Influenced by the customs of Rong Di, the culture and customs of Qin people have always been primitive, simple and even barbaric, and he has retained a lot of traces of matriarchal society. The Book of Shang Jun is very abnormal: "The barbarity of Qin people lies in that he is not humanized. His father is not like his father, and his son is not like his son. They actually sleep in the same bed. " In the eyes of all countries in summer, this is incredible. The book "Shang Jun" also records a more abnormal situation: "Daughter-in-law doesn't even avoid her father-in-law when nursing her children. She lifted her clothes to feed, revealing * * *. " During Shang Yang's political reform, there was a ban that father and son were not allowed to share the same room. It can be seen that at least before Shang Yang's political reform, Qin had no concept of filial piety and no distinction between men and women. My father-in-law, mother-in-law, son, daughter-in-law and brother-in-law all sleep in the same bed.

Regardless of men and women, the role is chaotic, which leads to the opening of Qin people's folk customs. This is really open, from the royal family to the ordinary people. After Qin Huang, Xu Antai was the wife of King Huiwen of Qin and the mother of King Zhao of Qin. She once ruled the state of Qin for more than thirty years. But she is also a woman with a very dissolute private life, which is almost beyond reproach. After the death of King Qin Huiwen, her husband, as the Empress Dowager and widow, had an affair with Rong Wang of Yiqu and gave birth to two sons. This kind of thing didn't seem to cause any mysterious gossip in the state of Qin at that time, and there was nothing secretive in the history books. It can be seen that the folk customs of Qin at that time were like this. Empress Xuan also has a lover named (there is an ugly word in the name of a beautiful man, Khan). She took him to court every day, and she brazenly announced to the ministers in court: "After I die, I must let Wei Choufu bury me." Empress Xuan, as the queen mother of a country, openly declared that she wanted her lover to be buried with her, which is only a case in the records of historical books.

Not only that, the unrestrained Queen Xuan openly took adultery as an example in various diplomatic occasions. In 299 BC, the state of Chu surrounded Yong's family in South Korea, and South Korea sent messengers to the State of Qin for help. In order to coerce the South Korean emissary to give Qin some benefits as a condition for sending troops to save Korea, Empress Xuan said a shocking sentence: "When I was serving King Hui, King Hui pressed my thigh on me, and I felt very tired and a little overwhelmed. But when he put his whole body on me, I didn't feel tired at all Why? Because this posture is more comfortable for me. Without enough troops and food, the State of Qin could not help South Korea. Saving the crisis in South Korea costs thousands of taels of silver every day. We spent so much money and energy. Don't you say something, let me have a good time? " Milan Kundera said that every woman yearns for the weight of a man. This view may be inspired by Qin. This is probably the only erotic joke in the Warring States policy, but it actually comes from the mouth of the empress dowager, who is under one person and above ten thousand people in Qin State, which shows the openness of the folk customs in Qin State.

The words and deeds of Xu Antai, the wife of Qin Dynasty, are reminiscent of Evonne, the mother of Qin Shihuang. First she had an affair with Lv Buwei, and then she had a lover, Ai, but she pretended to be a eunuch before she dared to take her lover into the palace, so she was always afraid. She and Ai also had two sons, but a few years later, someone told Qin Shihuang. Qin Shihuang not only killed two children, but also killed three family members of Lao Ai, and finally moved the Queen Mother to Yong as punishment. The same illegitimate child of Empress Dowager Cixi has a completely different ending, which shows that in the early days of Shang Yang's political reform, from Empress Dowager Cixi herself to princes and nobles, they didn't care about any extramarital affairs, and everyone had no concept of chastity. Extramarital affairs can be made public, and it is beyond reproach for widows to have children.

Tough folk customs and straightforward sex between men and women led to the confusion of marriage relations in Qin people, and strict monogamy was not implemented. In Qin Mugong, the King of Jin was taken hostage in the State of Qin, and Mu Gong married his eldest daughter, Wilbur. Soon, the King of Jin fled the State of Qin and returned to the State of Jin. Huaiyin did not follow him, but stayed in Qin. So Qin Mugong married five women, including Huaiyin, to Zhong Er, the son of the Jin Dynasty. Zhong Er and Prince Yi's father Yiwu are half-brothers. Qin asked Zhong Er to marry his niece. Zhong Er thought it was against etiquette and refused to accept it. His attache Sikong ji zi advised Zhong Er not to be detained, which ruined the event. Zhong Er reluctantly agreed.

It is precisely because the thoughts of Qin people are not "poisoned" by the so-called "customs and habits" of the Central Plains countries that their desires can roll in like a river. They are indifferent to the free marriage and divorce between men and women, or take it for granted. In Yunmeng Qin bamboo slips, it is mentioned that couples in Qin wear the same clothes. It seems that the difference between men and women in Qin people's life is not very strict. He also said, "If you marry a wife, she won't have children." The reason why you got married is to marry a child. It seems that at that time, premarital cohabitation and premarital pregnancy were very common in Qin, just like we are today. It was only then that it was called "barbarism", but today we call it "avant-garde".

This is an open folk custom of Qin State. The difference between men and women, the difference between young and old, and the purity of paternal descent may be unheard of for such a nomadic people. Qin people don't seem to care much about which man's child is born to a woman. Before being influenced by the so-called ritual and music culture in the Central Plains, they may have maintained their worship of primitive power. Whether it's an affair or a teacher of the tiger and the wolf on the battlefield, when we call it barbarism and violence, we will vaguely feel the instinctive and natural power. Just like in Red Sorghum, it is not shameful for grandparents to have sex. This is the power of generate, and it is no different from the power of cutting devils with a big knife after drinking sorghum. It transcends the dividing line between barbarism and civilization, and dispels the boundary between ethics and * * *.

It's a little far-fetched We say that the folk customs of Qin State are open, in order to show that Qin State can never establish a patriarchal system like other countries in the Central Plains, and of course it is impossible to have a clear boundary and hierarchical concept of "father and son". Without the concept of consanguinity ethics with the paternal line as the core, the hierarchy and consanguinity ethics with the relationship between father and son as the vertical axis, the relationship between husband and wife as the horizontal axis and the relationship between brothers as the auxiliary line can not stand on the ground in Qin State. This directly led to the failure of Qin to form a huge privileged aristocratic class.

Although Qin has changed from nomadic life to farming economy after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the culture and folk customs of Qin have not changed because of this, but have continued to retain the legacy of living with foreigners and Germans. This mutant freak has just made Qin brilliant; This so-called cultural lag, this so-called rough and savage folk custom, is wrong in adapting to the requirements of the times, allowing Qin to let go of all aspects such as appointing talents and being determined to reform. On the contrary, the vassal states of the Central Plains gradually weakened in the gentle culture of rites and music, and in the vast and decadent privileged aristocratic class, and finally went to extinction. History is sometimes so speechless.