Su Shi (forty-five)

Why is this? Because "first come first". The information we receive first must have a deeper impact on us than the information we receive later. Therefore, we must let "enjoyment" come first and "knowledge" come last.

In today's terms, it is like parent counseling. When your child is studying, instead of leading him to memorize books and do exercises, you might as well put away the textbook and cultivate his interest in learning subtly. Once you have a strong interest, it is like winding up a clockwork and no longer needing supervision from others. < /p>

Su Shi took Confucius as an example, saying that Confucius was one of those who "enjoyed it" first and "understood it" later. When it comes to mastering Confucian knowledge, Confucius's disciples were very powerful, and they may not be able to catch up with Confucius. However, When encountering hardships, some people are angry, some are depressed, and some are shaken, but Confucius remains the same.

Where does this gap come from? It just lies in the lack of knowledge of Confucianism among these disciples. A heartfelt love like Confucius

In times of peace and quiet, the performance of Confucius and his disciples should be similar, but suffering is a touchstone for everyone to judge. .

Therefore, many people have followed Confucius for a lifetime. Is there any knowledge they have not learned from Confucius? Of course not, they follow Confucius just to be more influenced by Confucius. , let the knowledge that you have fully mastered rationally be internalized as a part of yourself and become something that you love from the heart.

Su Shi's analysis, if translated into the terms of Yangming's philosophy, It is the so-called "unity of knowledge and action" and "true knowledge will lead to action", but Su Shi's words are much clearer and more reasonable than Wang Yangming's. It is indeed a pity that Shu Xue has been unknown.

During the Yuanyou reign of Emperor Zhezong of the Song Dynasty, Su Shi was troubled by various party disputes and personnel disputes in addition to the Luoshu party struggle. This made it difficult for Su Shi to continue to gain a foothold in the central government and could only become a local official. Su Shi's wandering life was on the road again.

Starting from the spring of the fourth year of Yuanyou, when the 54-year-old Su Shi went to Hangzhou to take up a post, Su Shi basically stayed away from the political center of the Northern Song Dynasty for the last 12 years of his life. , except for the occasional transfer back to the capital, he spent most of his time as a local official. Moreover, as the party struggle situation worsened, Su Shi became more and more remote, and was demoted as far as Hainan.

However, Su Shi. What's remarkable about him is that he can write unrestrained and transcendent poems, and he can also be down-to-earth and do practical things. This time, we will talk about Su Shi as the mayor of Yangzhou. p> In fact, compared to being a central official, being a local official is quite annoying. You have to directly face many complicated and detailed things. It seems that the greater the poet, the less capable he is of dealing with actual government affairs.

It is difficult for us to imagine that Li Bai and Du Fu could manage tens of thousands of workers to control floods, or do census work, and collect taxes. These vulgar things seem to only weaken the poet's will, and are incompatible with romantic feelings. .

But Su Shi is very different from those ordinary poets

Su Shi has served as mayor in many places, and his administrative style is the same as his academic style: being humane. Therefore, words that are usually used to describe upright officials, such as uprightness, selflessness, hatred of evil, and discernment, have nothing to do with Su Shi.

If you want to find a famous official in the Northern Song Dynasty who fully deserves the above praise, then there is no doubt that this person must be Bao Qingtian. In China's market culture, Bao Zheng can be said to be the number one model of civil servants in the Taiping Era. The people will always look forward to it. How great it would be if every official could be like Bao Zheng!

But some knowledgeable Confucian scholars have other views. Mr. Chuanshan, Wang Fuzhi in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, was such a scholar.

First of all, we should know that Wang Fuzhi's academic level and ideological level were top-notch at the time, and his moral integrity was unquestionable.

It is such a person who compares Bao Zheng and Hai Rui, saying that they will only be sought after by ignorant people. In fact, they are doing great harm to the country and the people.

Wang Fuzhi made annotations on the "Book of Changes", and his "Book of Changes" used Bao Zheng as an example. The ninety-third line of the Daguo hexagram in the "Book of Changes" means that the Yang line is in the Yang position, which is not a good thing.

Wang Fuzhi said: This means that the leader is impatient and enterprising, but does not care about the people below - when Bao Zheng was re-employed, the reason why knowledgeable people worried that he would endanger the country was because Bao Zheng fell into this category. A person who is impatient and enterprising doesn't care whether his subordinates can keep up with him.

Why can he still be admired by countless people in all dynasties despite being unkind?

Because people imagine Bao Zheng according to God's standards. God is not a human being, and of course he is not human. God is omniscient and capable of striking with surgical precision any misbehavior, ensuring that everyone is appropriately rewarded or punished.

However, the real Bao Zheng is only a human being after all, not a god. It is impossible for people to achieve surgical-like administrative effects, and it will also cause serious collateral damage.

Su Shi's official style is exactly the opposite of Bao Zheng. Su Shi was kind to people, but Bao Zheng was not. What would Su Shi do? By Bao Qingtian's standards, he was really infuriating.

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