What are the highlights of Sherlock's perfect combination of reasoning and emotion?

Personally, I think the process of reasoning is like this:

1. Observe the appearance of things (the appearance part can be seen by anyone, it is objective and dominant, and it is also the most basic and fundamental part of the whole reasoning, and everything is based on it).

2. By observing the appearance of things, according to a series of comprehensive knowledge such as experience/science, the reasons for the appearance are obtained, and then possible conclusions are drawn.

3. After drawing a possible conclusion, synthesize it according to one or more other observed appearances or inferred conclusions, exclude the impossible, and draw the most possible one. Note that the conclusion is not absolutely correct.

Give a chestnut to illustrate, for example:

Judging from Watson's mobile phone, Watson's mobile phone was given by his relatives. Fu Juan concluded that the mobile phone was given by his brother. This is just to illustrate the process of reasoning, so the brother is changed to a relative, because if it proves to be a brother, it will take a lot of inference to get it. So grab that point. Note: In fact, the reasoning here is wrong, but it is actually a sister. The play said that because Harry is a man's name, I didn't know that Harry was short for Harriet, so Fu Juan inferred that it was my brother. )

1. Observe the appearance of things: The information we can get through observation is: John Watson's full name. There is lettering on the back of the mobile phone (Harry Watson from Clara).

2. According to the appearance of things, we can draw possible conclusions through comprehensive knowledge. First of all, the direct conclusion from the appearance is that there is lettering on the back of the mobile phone, and the direct conclusion is that Clara gave the mobile phone to Harry Vos. The original owner of the mobile phone was not Watson but Harry. It can be inferred that the mobile phone may have been bought second-hand, given by others, or even stolen or robbed. If you don't synthesize it, you can't directly confirm whether the mobile phone is your own, let alone who sent it.

3. Synthesize the above conclusions and observed appearances, eliminate the impossible and get the most possible. Possible conclusion: the mobile phone may be bought second-hand/given by others/stolen/robbed and so on. According to the conclusion (original mobile phone owner: Harry Vos) and the observed appearance (Watson's name is John Waston), combining these two pieces of information, we can know that they share the same surname, so there is a great possibility that Harry and Watson belong to the same family, that is, relatives. Then the possibility that the mobile phone was given to Watson by a relative is greater than other possibilities. So it is concluded that Watson's mobile phone was given by his relatives.