What is this thing? With webbed feet, just like a duck. Learning name ~ ~ ~

Muscovy duck, also known as humphead duck, foreign duck and musk duck, is the same species as common domestic duck, but different genera. Muscovy ducks are mainly produced in Gutian, Fuzhou suburbs and Longhai, and distributed in Fuqing, Putian, Jinjiang, Changtai, Longyan, Datian, Pucheng and other cities and counties. The main producing area in northern Fujian is Gutian County, where black muscovy ducks are raised, and drakes are transported and sold in eastern Fujian and northern Fujian provinces. Strong mating ability, high fertilization rate, and the "Banfan" born is big and fat quickly. Every spring breeding season, all over the world go to Gutian to buy male muscovy ducks. The communes in Gutian County, such as Hubin, Da Qiao, Tanghe and Yang Shan, have a large amount of aquaculture. In Da Qiao Commune, 122 households were investigated, and 626 households were * * *, with an average of 5.2 households per household. The main producing areas in southern Fujian are more than ten cities and counties in Putian, Jinjiang and Longxi, as well as Fuzhou. Muscovy ducks in Longxi area and Xiamen suburb are mixed with black and white flowers, and the rest are white. Muscovy ducks in Duohui 'an, Quanzhou and Nan 'an have a tuft of black hair at the top and are white all over. The white sails in the suburbs of Fuzhou are relatively large. Muscovy ducks are native to tropical areas of Central and South America, and our province has a long history of breeding. According to 1763, the ancient port "Quanzhou County Records" records: "Muscovy ducks are as big as ducks and as big as geese, born in their eggs and planted in foreign countries." According to "Fujian Tongzhi" (1729), it is said: "Muscovy ducks have a big and red nose. If the male and female formula hold eggs, they must leave one egg to press the female ducks to lay eggs one after another. The eggs are hidden and do not bite, and the chicks will be born in January. If you lie down and hear the sound of grinding in five days, you will be lucky. "Banfan" is smaller than Muscovy Duck and "Laiya Duck" is smaller than Banfan, so it can't hold eggs ... "In addition, it is also recorded in the county annals of Gutian, Putian, Minhou and other counties in the main producing areas. Muscovy duck essence is regarded as the treasure of keeping fit by the masses. Fujian Muscovy Duck has been domesticated for a long time, and the measures of "early selection, general election and quick selection" have already become excellent meat ducks adapted to Fujian's ecological environment. (3) Variety characteristics and characteristics 1, body appearance Muscovy ducks are different from domestic ducks in shape, with a long oval shape, a big head, a short neck, a short and narrow beak, and developed mouths and claws; The chest is broad and plump, and the tail is slender, unlike the fat buttocks of domestic ducks. There are red or black sarcomas at the floor of the mouth and around the eyes, which spread widely in men. The wings and feathers are vigorous, reaching the tail, and the tail feathers are long and slightly tilted upward. Muscovy duck feathers are white, black and black and white, and a few are silver gray. Because of the different colors of feathers, there are some differences in the appearance of corporal punishment. The white muscovy duck has white feathers, pink snout and nose, and the head sarcoma is bright red and thick, arranged in a chain, with light gray iridescence and orange foot. If there is a black hair on the top of your head and black spots on your mouth and feet. The plumage of black muscovy duck is black with dark green luster; Only in the main wing feathers or compound wing feathers, there are often a few white feathers; Sarcoma is dark red in color and thin; The mouth is red with black spots; The rainbow is light yellow and the feet are black. The plumage of muscovy ducks varies from black to white. The common back feathers are black, and there are different numbers of white feathers under the neck, wing feathers and abdomen; The whole body is black and the middle is white. The carapace is mostly red with black spots and the foot is dark yellow. According to the weight and body measurements of 6/kloc-0 male muscovy ducks and 200 female muscovy ducks with different coat colors; There is no significant difference in the weight of male muscovy ducks with different coat colors, with an average of 3.04 kg (3.01~ 3.05 kg). There are significant differences in the weight of female muscovy ducks with different coat colors, with white being the largest (average 65438±0.90kg), black being the second (average 65438±0.80kg), and black and white being the smallest (average 65438±0.72kg). Adult male muscovy ducks are about twice as big as female muscovy ducks. The oblique lengths of male and female muscovy ducks are 29.23 cm and 24.04 cm respectively. The keel length is19.07cm and15.36cm; The chest depth is 9.8 1 cm and 8.28cm；; Chest width 1 1.79 cm and 9.57 cm. 2. Growth and development Under the same feeding and management conditions, the growth speed of male and female ducks is very different. After hatching, chicks can be raised to 10 days old, which can be distinguished from each other according to their body shape and weight. The absolute increase of average weight reached the maximum after 70 days. After 70 days of age, the weight gain of male ducks is much higher than that of female ducks. 160th day old, male Abby Mallard female ducks weigh about 1. 10 kg. Under the nutrition level of crude protein 16 ~ 18% and metabolic energy of 2400 ~ 2600 kcal/kg, the newborn weight of ducklings is 47.60 g, and the male and female weights of 1 month and 65438+2 months old are 0.79 kg and 0.78 kg respectively. They are 2.59 kg at 3 months old, 1.80 kg at 4 months old, 2.93 kg at 1.90 kg at 5 months old, 3.25 kg at 5 months old and 2. 10 kg respectively. After 5 months of age, the weight gain rate gradually decreased. 3. Reproductive performance: the average age of first egg laying 172.88 days, the age of first egg laying 153 days, the longest first egg laying cycle, with 35-40 eggs laid continuously. The egg production in each egg laying cycle can be stabilized at13 ~15; The annual egg production is 100 ~ 1 10, and the highest individual can reach 160. Give me a hug. According to 1 10 duck eggs, the average egg weight is 7 1.50g, the egg shape is oval, the egg shape index is 1.39, and the eggshell is jade white. Eggs are hatched from June to May every year in 65438. According to the different incubation time, ducklings are divided into "first fan" (2-3 ducklings are hatched), "second fan" (ducklings from March to April) and "tail fan" (ducklings from May to June). Ducks with multiple heads, good secondary development and fast growth are reserved for seed use. Because of their growth stage, it is the period when inanimate animals such as earthworms, fish and shrimps flourish. The animal feed is rich and the climate is mild, which not only grows fast, but also the mother duck can lay eggs that year. The first and second drakes reach sexual maturity in autumn, and they can also breed in time. If they are not used for breeding, they will eat in the Millennium season. But for breeding semi-muscovy ducks, muscovy ducks are more selected. Muscovy ducks can breed with ordinary female ducks to produce semi-muscovy ducks when they are sexually mature around the Spring Festival. The brooding is mainly to naturally hatch eggs by using the arms of female muscovy ducks or hens. Chickens and ducks often hatch alternately to maintain the physical exertion of mother ducks and hens. The hatching rate is generally between 80 and 85. Artificial incubation, incubation rate of 70%, incubation period of 35 days. After the well-developed male chicks are raised to 4 months old, they will make a "filar silk" cry, indicating sexual maturity, and they will have sexual behavior of chasing and pecking at the mother duck. You can breed when you are sexually mature in five to six months. In spring, when the male-female ratio is1:7-8 and the fertilization rate is 90-95%, after the breeding season, the breeding drakes are weak and have poor reproductive ability. Generally, it will be eliminated in the same year, and a new breeding drake will be selected in the second year. 4. Fattening performance Regarding the fattening time, there is a saying that "March is big and April is fat". That is to say, when the weight reaches 2.5 ~ 3 kg at the age of 4 months, fertilization is started. Feed with rice bran and cooked sweet potato in half, mixed with rice soup or porridge, kneaded into a round "agent". One by one. Hey. The feeding amount was gradually increased from150g to 400 ~ 450g. Whether the feeding amount is appropriate is based on touching the enlarged part of esophagus with your hand before the next feeding, and there is no food accumulation. Feeding for 2 ~ 3 weeks, weighing 3.5 ~ 4 kg, can be slaughtered. According to Fujian Agricultural College 1983 Muscovy Duck Fatty Liver Test. Three-month-old muscovy ducks were fed corn pellet feed for 2 weeks, with an average liver weight of 299.64 grams and the highest individual liver weight of 337.40 grams. After three weeks of fertilization, the average liver weight was 352.77 grams, and the highest was 49 1.80 grams. After 2 weeks and 3 weeks of fertilization, the liver weight increased by 1.44 kg (weight gain rate was 5 1.6 1%) and 1.66 kg (weight gain rate was 68.90%), and the slaughter rate was 70.58% and 67.4580, respectively. 2 and 3 weeks after fertilization, lean meat (chest muscle and leg muscle) accounted for 24.96% and 23.66% of the carcass, respectively, and Beijing ducks accounted for 16.20% and 14.80% respectively. After two and three weeks of fertilization, the corn consumption per 1 kg fatty liver was 30.05 kg and 32 kg, and the corn consumption per 1 kg live weight was 4.80 kg and 5.84 kg, respectively. 5. It is a traditional habit of people in producing areas to cross male muscovy ducks with local female ducks to produce semi-muscovy ducks. Gutian duck farmers have good skills, and the fertilization rate of eggs in spring can reach over 80%. The heterosis rate of semi-muscovy duck reached 25.4 1%. In the case of a large number of feeding, the weight of 3 months old can reach 2.05 kg. According to the bioassay of Xiamen University, the relative growth rate of three-way hybrid "Fanbeijin" duck 10 ~ 60 days old is 76. 10%, and that of semi-muscovy duck is 67.88%. "Fanbeijin" Abby Mallard semi-muscovy duck can be put on the market early 10 ~ 15 days, and save feed 10% (IV) Evaluation and prospect Muscovy duck is one of the most promising poultry breeds for both meat and liver. It has the advantages of large size, fast growth, roughage tolerance, easy fattening, delicious meat and good liver production. However, under the current low feeding level in rural areas, the size is too small, the growth is too slow, and there are few eggs. According to the analysis of experimental data, muscovy duck has great potential for breeding and improvement. In the future, the quality of varieties should be discussed in depth, further breeding and improvement should be carried out, and a set of perfect management schemes should be put forward in feeding. References:

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