The most famous stone bridge in China history?

Lugou Bridge, Guangji Bridge, Wu Ting Bridge, Zhao Zhouqiao, Anping Bridge, Cross Bridge, Yufeng Bridge, Tiesuo Bridge, Wuyin Bridge and Daiyu Bridge are called Lugou Bridge.

It is on the Yongding River in Fengtai District, about15km southwest of Beijing. Named after crossing Lugou River (Yongding River), it is the oldest existing stone arch bridge in Beijing. Lugou Bridge is 266.5 meters long, 7.5 meters wide and 9.3 meters at its widest point. There are ten piers and * *11bridge opening. The whole bridge is a stone structure, and the key parts are connected by silver ingots and tenons. It is the longest ancient stone bridge in northern China. 1on July 7, 937, Japanese imperialism launched a full-scale war of aggression against China here. The defenders of China, the ancient city of Wanping, rose up to resist, which was called "Lugouqiao Incident" (also known as "July 7th Incident"). China's anti-Japanese troops fired the first shot of the all-round war of resistance at Lugouqiao.

It was built in the 29th year of Dading in the Jin Dynasty (1 189), and was destroyed by floods during the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty. In the thirty-seventh year of Kangxi (1698), the present Lugou Bridge was built. So the so-called Lugou Bridge has a history of more than 800 years, which means counting the time of the old and new bridges together. What we are seeing now is the Lugou Bridge rebuilt by Kangxi, with a history of only over 300 years.

Guangji Bridge

Angel Guangji Bridge

Chaozhou Guangji Bridge, commonly known as Xiangzi Bridge, is located outside the East Gate of Chaozhou, which is the main traffic artery between Fujian and Guangdong in ancient times. Together with Zhao Zhouqiao, Luoyang Bridge and Lugou Bridge, it is called "Four Ancient Bridges in China" and is the first retractable pontoon bridge in China.

Guangji Bridge, commonly known as Xiangzi Bridge, was built by Ceng Jiang (11), the satrap of the Song trunk road for seven years. It was originally a pontoon bridge, and it was named "Jikang Bridge" because it connected 86 huge ships.

In June 2003, the maintenance project of Guangji Bridge officially started. The project is based on the principle of repairing the old as the old, and the design basis is to reproduce the style of the Ming Dynasty. Its function is positioned as a tourist walking bridge, which will be implemented in two phases: the first phase is to strengthen the pier, repair the bridge deck and 18 shuttle boats; The second phase will restore the pavilions on the bridge. After several years of hard work, the project was completed in June 2007.

The combination of beam and ship, rigid-flexible combination, dynamic-static combination and ups and downs is a major feature of Guangji Bridge. Guangji Bridge is the hub of "all eastern Guangdong, Fujian and Guangdong, Zhang Yu, bordering on deep water", and there are many pylons on the bridge. Therefore, it soon became the center of transportation and trade and an active bridge market.

Five pavilion bridge

Five pavilion bridge

Pavilion Bridge is located in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China. Wu Ting Bridge was built in the 22nd year of Qianlong (1757), modeled after Wulong Pavilion and Seventeen-hole Bridge in Beijing Beihai. "Building five pavilions and four wings below, there are five tenths of the front of bridge opening." The architectural style is both a southern show and a northern hero. On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, you can feel the wonderful scenery of "clear waves and full moon shadows, empty clouds and listening to Yu Di at night".

Wu Ting Bridge was designed and built by salt transporters in Yangzhou and Huaihe River in Qing Dynasty to welcome Ganlong's southern tour. The shape of the bridge is beautiful, with yellow tiles, yellow columns, white railings and painted algae wells in the pavilion. There are fifteen round holes on the front of the four wings under the bridge, which are connected with each other. Whenever the bright moon is in the sky, the caves hold the moon, the golden light is rippling, and the bright moon is shining, hanging upside down in the lake, unpredictable. As Huang Xing 'an, a Korean, praised, "Yangzhou is good, crossing the bridge, the blue waves face the moon mirror, the head is above the clouds, and Yu Di is heard at night." Tang Du Mu's poem: "There is water in the green hills, plants and trees in the south of the Yangtze River are withered in autumn, and on the moonlit night of the Twenty-four Bridges, where can jade people teach flute playing?" It is said that the southern tour of Qianlong once lamented the spring scenery of Qiongdao, pointing out that the bridge was based on the scenery of Beijing Beihai.

The Zhaozhou Bridge

The Zhaozhou Bridge

Zhao Zhouqiao is located on the Weihe River in Zhao County, Hebei Province. It was built in the Sui Dynasty (AD 58 1-6 18) and the Daye period (AD 605-6 18), designed and built by the famous craftsman Li Chun, about 1400 years ago. It is the earliest and best preserved ancient open-shouldered stone arch bridge in the world today. 196 1 was listed as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units in the State Council. Because Zhao Zhouqiao is a key cultural relic, it is easy to be damaged when it is opened to traffic, so vehicles are not allowed to pass.

Zhao Zhouqiao, also known as Anji Bridge, is located in Zhao County, Hebei Province. This bridge was built by Li Chun in the early years of the Sui Dynasty (around 605 AD). It is an open-web circular stone arch bridge with a clear span of 37 meters, a width of 9 meters and an arch height of 7.24 meters. The two shoulders of the arch ring have two abdominal arches with different spans, which can not only reduce the dead weight of the bridge, save materials, but also facilitate flood discharge and increase aesthetics. Zhao Zhouqiao's exquisite design concept and technology are second to none among ancient bridges in China. Open-shouldered arch bridges like this did not appear in Europe until the middle of19th century, which was more than 200 years later than China. Zhao Zhouqiao's sculpture art, including railings, watchposts and lock stones, has lifelike lion-like dragon and beast shapes and exquisite craftsmanship, which is worthy of being an artistic treasure in the treasure house of cultural relics. China's stone arch bridge construction technology spread to Japan and other countries in the Ming Dynasty, which promoted cultural exchanges and friendship with people all over the world.

Anping Bridge

Anping Bridge

The longest existing stone bridge in ancient China, located in Anhai Town, Jinjiang, enjoys the reputation of "the longest bridge in the world". It is a national key cultural relics protection unit. Anping Bridge is located in the bay between Anhai Town, Jinjiang City, Fujian Province, China and Shuitou Town, Nan 'an City. Because Anhai Town was called Anping Road in ancient times, it was named. Because this bridge is about 5 Li Long long, it is commonly known as Wuli Bridge. Anping Bridge, an ancient continuous beam slab flat bridge in China, was built in the eighth year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 138) and completed in the fourteenth year. It was rebuilt many times in Ming and Qing dynasties.

This bridge is the longest beam stone bridge in the world in the Middle Ages, and it is also the longest existing harbor stone bridge in China. 196 1 year, Anping Bridge became one of the first national key cultural relics protection units.

Shiziqiao

Shiziqiao

Crossbridge is located in Jinci, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province. This bridge is cross-shaped. The whole bridge is supported by 34 metallic gray octagonal stones, and the top of the column is connected with the longitudinal and transverse beams through the cypress arch. Cross-deck fish pond flying beams, white marble railings and square bricks can be paved, and tourists from south to north and east to west can pass through. Because of the exquisite structure of this bridge, folklore was built by Lu Ban.

This bridge has been weathered for many years, and its material is very strong. It is one of the top ten famous bridges in ancient China.

wind and rain bridge

Sanjiang Yufeng bridge

Yufeng Bridge is a unique bridge of Dong nationality. Popular in Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou, Guangxi and other places. It consists of bridges, towers and pavilions. All of them are made of wood, and the bridge deck is paved with railings, benches and bridge roof tiles on both sides, forming a corridor-style walkway. Towers and pavilions built on stone piers are multi-layered, with upturned cornices and gourds at the top. They are called one of the top ten most incredible bridges in the world. It is named because passers-by can avoid the wind and rain.

Wind and rain bridges are mainly made of Chinese fir. The whole building does not need nails and rivets, and all the wood is connected vertically with tenons and crosses. The roof of the shed is covered with hard and compact tiles, and all the exposed wooden surfaces are coated with antiseptic tung oil, so these huge buildings that span the stream and stand proudly in the sky are still indestructible after wind and rain. These ancient buildings, which flourished from the end of the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, are rigorous in structure, unique in shape and full of national temperament.

Yufeng Bridge is another national building that Dong people are proud of. This bridge consists of huge stone piers, wooden bridge bodies, long profiles and pavilions. Except for the stone piers, the rest are all wood structures with mortises and tenons. The bridge is supported by huge wood. The arch bridge is hoisted from the stone pier with a huge wooden structure inverted trapezoid, so that the stress points are balanced and the deck veranda is like a long dragon. There are three or five bridge pavilions with three or five floors and four corners forming an octagon on the veranda. At the end of the bridge eaves tile beam, there is a eaves mausoleum, which looks like a phoenix rising. A carp jumps on the beach and a lion sits on it. On the top of the main beam, there is a plastic dragon robbing treasure, which is decorated with colorful paintings. The long canopy of the bridge is an aisle with benches on both sides for pedestrians to rest. Dong people who are enthusiastic about public welfare put tea on the bridge in summer to quench the thirst of pedestrians. At the upper ends of the two walls of the long profile, various historical figures are carved with wooden boards, or colorful fairy tale pictures are drawn for pedestrians to enjoy when they rest.

The main bridge of Sanjiang Fengyu Bridge, the longest wind and rain bridge in the world, began to erect columns in the middle of the exhibition hall, laying the foundation for the wooden structure connection of the whole bridge. Sanjiang Yufeng Bridge is 355 meters long and 16 meters wide. The wooden structure is designed as the traditional Dong Yufeng Bridge, with seven pavilions, namely, the sloping top mountain, the pyramid-shaped roof and the pavilion in the middle of the bridge, with the maximum height of18m. In terms of height, length and shape design, this bridge is the best in the world.

Chain bridge

Chain bridge

Luding Tiesuo Bridge, located on the Dadu River in Luding County, is a national key cultural relics protection unit. The bridge was built in the forty-four and forty-five years of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1706). Kangxi inscribed "Luding Bridge" and erected a monument at the bridge head. Bridge length 103m, width 3m, 13 chains are fixed on both sides of the bridge. * * * There are 12 164 iron rings interlocking, and the whole bridge weighs more than 40 tons. The piers on both sides of the bridge are unique ancient wooden structures, which are unique in China. Since the Qing Dynasty, this bridge has been an important passage and military fortress for Sichuan to enter Tibet. On May 29th, 1993, the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants flew here and captured Luding Bridge, which became famous at home and abroad.

Luding Tiesuo Bridge is103.67m long and 3m wide, and consists of three parts: bridge body, abutment and bridge pavilion.

Fifth bridge

Fifth bridge

Wuyin Bridge is located in Xiaoling Shinto, Shunzhi Emperor of Dongling, Hebei Province. There are 126 calcite fences on both sides of this bridge, which can make tinkling music when struck, including the five tones of Gong, Shang, Jiao, Qian and Yu in China ancient vocal music, so it is called "Five-tone Bridge". Use wooden percussion instruments when knocking, which has achieved the best results. The total length of the bridge is110.60m, and the bridge width is 9 9. 10/0m. On the bridge, there are 128 stone pillars, 4 drum stones and 126 calcite fences on both sides. Each fence has the same shape and size. If a stone is struck along it, it will make different sounds. This is a building.

Dai Yu bridge

Dai Yu bridge

Located on the long dike of Kunming Lake in the Summer Palace, Daiyu Bridge was built during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1736- 1795). The clear distance of a single hole of the bridge is 1 1.38m, and the rising height is about 7.5m The bridge deck is made of jade, with a double-reverse curve, forming a wave-shaped bridge type, which is particularly majestic with refined white stone railings.

Daiyu Bridge is the most popular of the six Xidi Bridges. It is the only high arch stone bridge on the west dike, and it is the passage for Qianlong to take a boat from Kunming Lake to Yuquan Mountain. This bridge is made of white marble and blue white stone. There are all kinds of cranes flying in the clouds on the white bridge column, which are finely carved and lifelike, showing the artistic talent of the sculptor. It is one of the top ten famous ancient bridges in China, Lugou Bridge.

It is on the Yongding River in Fengtai District, about15km southwest of Beijing. Named after crossing Lugou River (Yongding River), it is the oldest existing stone arch bridge in Beijing. Lugou Bridge is 266.5 meters long, 7.5 meters wide and 9.3 meters at its widest point. There are ten piers and * *11bridge opening. The whole bridge is a stone structure, and the key parts are connected by silver ingots and tenons. It is the longest ancient stone bridge in northern China. 1on July 7, 937, Japanese imperialism launched a full-scale war of aggression against China here. The defenders of China, the ancient city of Wanping, rose up to resist, which was called "Lugouqiao Incident" (also known as "July 7th Incident"). China's anti-Japanese troops fired the first shot of the all-round war of resistance at Lugouqiao.

It was built in the 29th year of Dading in the Jin Dynasty (1 189), and was destroyed by floods during the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty. In the thirty-seventh year of Kangxi (1698), the present Lugou Bridge was built. So the so-called Lugou Bridge has a history of more than 800 years, which means counting the time of the old and new bridges together. What we are seeing now is the Lugou Bridge rebuilt by Kangxi, with a history of only over 300 years.

Guangji Bridge

Angel Guangji Bridge

Chaozhou Guangji Bridge, commonly known as Xiangzi Bridge, is located outside the East Gate of Chaozhou, which is the main traffic artery between Fujian and Guangdong in ancient times. Together with Zhao Zhouqiao, Luoyang Bridge and Lugou Bridge, it is called "Four Ancient Bridges in China" and is the first retractable pontoon bridge in China.

Guangji Bridge, commonly known as Xiangzi Bridge, was built by Ceng Jiang (11), the satrap of the Song trunk road for seven years. It was originally a pontoon bridge, and it was named "Jikang Bridge" because it connected 86 huge ships.

In June 2003, the maintenance project of Guangji Bridge officially started. The project is based on the principle of repairing the old as the old, and the design basis is to reproduce the style of the Ming Dynasty. Its function is positioned as a tourist walking bridge, which will be implemented in two phases: the first phase is to strengthen the pier, repair the bridge deck and 18 shuttle boats; The second phase will restore the pavilions on the bridge. After several years of hard work, the project was completed in June 2007.

The combination of beam and ship, rigid-flexible combination, dynamic-static combination and ups and downs is a major feature of Guangji Bridge. Guangji Bridge is the hub of "all eastern Guangdong, Fujian and Guangdong, Zhang Yu, bordering on deep water", and there are many pylons on the bridge. Therefore, it soon became the center of transportation and trade and an active bridge market.

Five pavilion bridge

Five pavilion bridge

Pavilion Bridge is located in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China. Wu Ting Bridge was built in the 22nd year of Qianlong (1757), modeled after Wulong Pavilion and Seventeen-hole Bridge in Beijing Beihai. "Building five pavilions and four wings below, there are five tenths of the front of bridge opening." The architectural style is both a southern show and a northern hero. On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, you can feel the wonderful scenery of "clear waves and full moon shadows, empty clouds and listening to Yu Di at night".

Wu Ting Bridge was designed and built by salt transporters in Yangzhou and Huaihe River in Qing Dynasty to welcome Ganlong's southern tour. The shape of the bridge is beautiful, with yellow tiles, yellow columns, white railings and painted algae wells in the pavilion. There are fifteen round holes on the front of the four wings under the bridge, which are connected with each other. Whenever the bright moon is in the sky, the caves hold the moon, the golden light is rippling, and the bright moon is shining, hanging upside down in the lake, unpredictable. As Huang Xing 'an, a Korean, praised, "Yangzhou is good, crossing the bridge, the blue waves face the moon mirror, the head is above the clouds, and Yu Di is heard at night." Tang Du Mu's poem: "There is water in the green hills, plants and trees in the south of the Yangtze River are withered in autumn, and on the moonlit night of the Twenty-four Bridges, where can jade people teach flute playing?" It is said that the southern tour of Qianlong once lamented the spring scenery of Qiongdao, pointing out that the bridge was based on the scenery of Beijing Beihai.

The Zhaozhou Bridge

The Zhaozhou Bridge

Zhao Zhouqiao is located on the Weihe River in Zhao County, Hebei Province. It was built in the Sui Dynasty (AD 58 1-6 18) and the Daye period (AD 605-6 18), designed and built by the famous craftsman Li Chun, about 1400 years ago. It is the earliest and best preserved ancient open-shouldered stone arch bridge in the world today. 196 1 was listed as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units in the State Council. Because Zhao Zhouqiao is a key cultural relic, it is easy to be damaged when it is opened to traffic, so vehicles are not allowed to pass.

Zhao Zhouqiao, also known as Anji Bridge, is located in Zhao County, Hebei Province. This bridge was built by Li Chun in the early years of the Sui Dynasty (around 605 AD). It is an open-web circular stone arch bridge with a clear span of 37 meters, a width of 9 meters and an arch height of 7.24 meters. The two shoulders of the arch ring have two abdominal arches with different spans, which can not only reduce the dead weight of the bridge, save materials, but also facilitate flood discharge and increase aesthetics. Zhao Zhouqiao's exquisite design concept and technology are second to none among ancient bridges in China. Open-shouldered arch bridges like this did not appear in Europe until the middle of19th century, which was more than 200 years later than China. Zhao Zhouqiao's sculpture art, including railings, watchposts and lock stones, has lifelike lion-like dragon and beast shapes and exquisite craftsmanship, which is worthy of being an artistic treasure in the treasure house of cultural relics. China's stone arch bridge construction technology spread to Japan and other countries in the Ming Dynasty, which promoted cultural exchanges and friendship with people all over the world.

Anping Bridge

Anping Bridge

The longest existing stone bridge in ancient China, located in Anhai Town, Jinjiang, enjoys the reputation of "the longest bridge in the world". It is a national key cultural relics protection unit. Anping Bridge is located in the bay between Anhai Town, Jinjiang City, Fujian Province, China and Shuitou Town, Nan 'an City. Because Anhai Town was called Anping Road in ancient times, it was named. Because this bridge is about 5 Li Long long, it is commonly known as Wuli Bridge. Anping Bridge, an ancient continuous beam slab flat bridge in China, was built in the eighth year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 138) and completed in the fourteenth year. It was rebuilt many times in Ming and Qing dynasties.

This bridge is the longest beam stone bridge in the world in the Middle Ages, and it is also the longest existing harbor stone bridge in China. 196 1 year, Anping Bridge became one of the first national key cultural relics protection units.

Shiziqiao

Shiziqiao

Crossbridge is located in Jinci, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province. This bridge is cross-shaped. The whole bridge is supported by 34 metallic gray octagonal stones, and the top of the column is connected with the longitudinal and transverse beams through the cypress arch. Cross-deck fish pond flying beams, white marble railings and square bricks can be paved, and tourists from south to north and east to west can pass through. Because of the exquisite structure of this bridge, folklore was built by Lu Ban.

This bridge has been weathered for many years, and its material is very strong. It is one of the top ten famous bridges in ancient China.

wind and rain bridge

Sanjiang Yufeng bridge

Yufeng Bridge is a unique bridge of Dong nationality. Popular in Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou, Guangxi and other places. It consists of bridges, towers and pavilions. All of them are made of wood, and the bridge deck is paved with railings, benches and bridge roof tiles on both sides, forming a corridor-style walkway. Towers and pavilions built on stone piers are multi-layered, with upturned cornices and gourds at the top. They are called one of the top ten most incredible bridges in the world. It is named because passers-by can avoid the wind and rain.

Wind and rain bridges are mainly made of Chinese fir. The whole building does not need nails and rivets, and all the wood is connected vertically with tenons and crosses. The roof of the shed is covered with hard and compact tiles, and all the exposed wooden surfaces are coated with antiseptic tung oil, so these huge buildings that span the stream and stand proudly in the sky are still indestructible after wind and rain. These ancient buildings, which flourished from the end of the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, are rigorous in structure, unique in shape and full of national temperament.

Yufeng Bridge is another national building that Dong people are proud of. This bridge consists of huge stone piers, wooden bridge bodies, long profiles and pavilions. Except for the stone piers, the rest are all wood structures with mortises and tenons. The bridge is supported by huge wood. The arch bridge is hoisted from the stone pier with a huge wooden structure inverted trapezoid, so that the stress points are balanced and the deck veranda is like a long dragon. There are three or five bridge pavilions with three or five floors and four corners forming an octagon on the veranda. At the end of the bridge eaves tile beam, there is a eaves mausoleum, which looks like a phoenix rising. A carp jumps on the beach and a lion sits on it. On the top of the main beam, there is a plastic dragon robbing treasure, which is decorated with colorful paintings. The long canopy of the bridge is an aisle with benches on both sides for pedestrians to rest. Dong people who are enthusiastic about public welfare put tea on the bridge in summer to quench the thirst of pedestrians. At the upper ends of the two walls of the long profile, various historical figures are carved with wooden boards, or colorful fairy tale pictures are drawn for pedestrians to enjoy when they rest.

The main bridge of Sanjiang Fengyu Bridge, the longest wind and rain bridge in the world, began to erect columns in the middle of the exhibition hall, laying the foundation for the wooden structure connection of the whole bridge. Sanjiang Yufeng Bridge is 355 meters long and 16 meters wide. The wooden structure is designed as the traditional Dong Yufeng Bridge, with seven pavilions, namely, the sloping top mountain, the pyramid-shaped roof and the pavilion in the middle of the bridge, with the maximum height of18m. In terms of height, length and shape design, this bridge is the best in the world.

Chain bridge

Chain bridge

Luding Tiesuo Bridge, located on the Dadu River in Luding County, is a national key cultural relics protection unit. The bridge was built in the forty-four and forty-five years of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1706). Kangxi inscribed "Luding Bridge" and erected a monument at the bridge head. Bridge length 103m, width 3m, 13 chains are fixed on both sides of the bridge. * * * There are 12 164 iron rings interlocking, and the whole bridge weighs more than 40 tons. The piers on both sides of the bridge are unique ancient wooden structures, which are unique in China. Since the Qing Dynasty, this bridge has been an important passage and military fortress for Sichuan to enter Tibet. On May 29th, 1993, the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants flew here and captured Luding Bridge, which became famous at home and abroad.

Luding Tiesuo Bridge is103.67m long and 3m wide, and consists of three parts: bridge body, abutment and bridge pavilion.

Fifth bridge

Fifth bridge

Wuyin Bridge is located in Xiaoling Shinto, Shunzhi Emperor of Dongling, Hebei Province. There are 126 calcite fences on both sides of this bridge, which can make tinkling music when struck, including the five tones of Gong, Shang, Jiao, Qian and Yu in China ancient vocal music, so it is called "Five-tone Bridge". Use wooden percussion instruments when knocking, which has achieved the best results. The total length of the bridge is110.60m, and the bridge width is 9 9. 10/0m. On the bridge, there are 128 stone pillars, 4 drum stones and 126 calcite fences on both sides. Each fence has the same shape and size. If a stone is struck along it, it will make different sounds. This is a building.

Dai Yu bridge

Dai Yu bridge

Located on the long dike of Kunming Lake in the Summer Palace, Daiyu Bridge was built during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1736- 1795). The clear distance of a single hole of the bridge is 1 1.38m, and the rising height is about 7.5m The bridge deck is made of jade, with a double-reverse curve, forming a wave-shaped bridge type, which is particularly majestic with refined white stone railings.

Daiyu Bridge is the most popular of the six Xidi Bridges. It is the only high arch stone bridge on the west dike, and it is the passage for Qianlong to take a boat from Kunming Lake to Yuquan Mountain. This bridge is made of white marble and blue white stone. On the white bridge guardrail post, all kinds of cranes flying in the clouds are exquisitely carved and lifelike, showing the artistic talent of sculptors carving for Lugou Bridge.

It is on the Yongding River in Fengtai District, about15km southwest of Beijing. Named after crossing Lugou River (Yongding River), it is the oldest existing stone arch bridge in Beijing. Lugou Bridge is 266.5 meters long, 7.5 meters wide and 9.3 meters at its widest point. There are ten piers and * *11bridge opening. The whole bridge is a stone structure, and the key parts are connected by silver ingots and tenons. It is the longest ancient stone bridge in northern China. 1on July 7, 937, Japanese imperialism launched a full-scale war of aggression against China here. The defenders of China, the ancient city of Wanping, rose up to resist, which was called "Lugouqiao Incident" (also known as "July 7th Incident"). China's anti-Japanese troops fired the first shot of the all-round war of resistance at Lugouqiao.

It was built in the 29th year of Dading in the Jin Dynasty (1 189), and was destroyed by floods during the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty. In the thirty-seventh year of Kangxi (1698), the present Lugou Bridge was built. So the so-called Lugou Bridge has a history of more than 800 years, which means counting the time of the old and new bridges together. What we are seeing now is the Lugou Bridge rebuilt by Kangxi, with a history of only over 300 years.

Guangji Bridge

Angel Guangji Bridge

Chaozhou Guangji Bridge, commonly known as Xiangzi Bridge, is located outside the East Gate of Chaozhou, which is the main traffic artery between Fujian and Guangdong in ancient times. Together with Zhao Zhouqiao, Luoyang Bridge and Lugou Bridge, it is called "Four Ancient Bridges in China" and is the first retractable pontoon bridge in China.

Guangji Bridge, commonly known as Xiangzi Bridge, was built by Ceng Jiang (11), the satrap of the Song trunk road for seven years. It was originally a pontoon bridge, and it was named "Jikang Bridge" because it connected 86 huge ships.

In June 2003, the maintenance project of Guangji Bridge officially started. The project is based on the principle of repairing the old as the old, and the design basis is to reproduce the style of the Ming Dynasty. Its function is positioned as a tourist walking bridge, which will be implemented in two phases: the first phase is to strengthen the pier, repair the bridge deck and 18 shuttle boats; The second phase will restore the pavilions on the bridge. After several years of hard work, the project was completed in June 2007.

The combination of beam and ship, rigid-flexible combination, dynamic-static combination and ups and downs is a major feature of Guangji Bridge. Guangji Bridge is the hub of "all eastern Guangdong, Fujian and Guangdong, Zhang Yu, bordering on deep water", and there are many pylons on the bridge. Therefore, it soon became the center of transportation and trade and an active bridge market.

Five pavilion bridge

Five pavilion bridge

Pavilion Bridge is located in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China. Wu Ting Bridge was built in the 22nd year of Qianlong (1757), modeled after Wulong Pavilion and Seventeen-hole Bridge in Beijing Beihai. "Building five pavilions and four wings below, there are five tenths of the front of bridge opening." The architectural style is both a southern show and a northern hero. On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, you can feel the wonderful scenery of "clear waves and full moon shadows, empty clouds and listening to Yu Di at night".

Wu Ting Bridge was designed and built by salt transporters in Yangzhou and Huaihe River in Qing Dynasty to welcome Ganlong's southern tour. The shape of the bridge is beautiful, with yellow tiles, yellow columns, white railings and painted algae wells in the pavilion. There are fifteen round holes on the front of the four wings under the bridge, which are connected with each other. Whenever the bright moon is in the sky, the caves hold the moon, the golden light is rippling, and the bright moon is shining, hanging upside down in the lake, unpredictable. As Huang Xing 'an, a Korean, praised, "Yangzhou is good, crossing the bridge, the blue waves face the moon mirror, the head is over the clouds, and Yu Di is heard at night." Tang Du Mu's poem: "There is water in the green hills, plants and trees in the south of the Yangtze River are withered in autumn, and on the moonlit night of the Twenty-four Bridges, where can jade people teach flute playing?" It is said that the southern tour of Qianlong once lamented the spring scenery of Qiongdao, pointing out that the bridge was based on the scenery of Beijing Beihai.

The Zhaozhou Bridge

The Zhaozhou Bridge

Zhao Zhouqiao is located on the Weihe River in Zhao County, Hebei Province. It was built in the Sui Dynasty (AD 58 1-6 18) and the Daye period (AD 605-6 18), designed and built by the famous craftsman Li Chun, about 1400 years ago. It is the earliest and best preserved ancient open-shouldered stone arch bridge in the world today. 196 1 was listed as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units in the State Council. Because Zhao Zhouqiao is a key cultural relic, it is easy to be damaged when it is opened to traffic, so vehicles are not allowed to pass.

Zhao Zhouqiao, also known as Anji Bridge, is located in Zhao County, Hebei Province. This bridge was built by Li Chun in the early years of the Sui Dynasty (around 605 AD). It is an open-web circular stone arch bridge with a clear span of 37 meters, a width of 9 meters and an arch height of 7.24 meters. The two shoulders of the arch ring have two abdominal arches with different spans, which can not only reduce the dead weight of the bridge, save materials, but also facilitate flood discharge and increase aesthetics. Zhao Zhouqiao's exquisite design concept and technology are second to none among ancient bridges in China. Open-shouldered arch bridges like this did not appear in Europe until the middle of19th century, which was more than 200 years later than China. Zhao Zhouqiao's sculpture art, including railings, watchposts and lock stones, has lifelike lion-like dragon and beast shapes and exquisite craftsmanship, which is worthy of being an artistic treasure in the treasure house of cultural relics. China's stone arch bridge construction technology spread to Japan and other countries in the Ming Dynasty, which promoted cultural exchanges and friendship with people all over the world.

Anping Bridge

Anping Bridge

The longest existing stone bridge in ancient China, located in Anhai Town, Jinjiang, enjoys the reputation of "the longest bridge in the world". It is a national key cultural relics protection unit. Anping Bridge is located in the bay between Anhai Town, Jinjiang City, Fujian Province, China and Shuitou Town, Nan 'an City. Because Anhai Town was called Anping Road in ancient times, it was named. Because this bridge is about 5 Li Long long, it is commonly known as Wuli Bridge. Anping Bridge, an ancient continuous beam slab flat bridge in China, was built in the eighth year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 138) and completed in the fourteenth year. It was rebuilt many times in Ming and Qing dynasties.

This bridge is the longest beam stone bridge in the world in the Middle Ages, and it is also the longest existing harbor stone bridge in China. 196 1 year, Anping Bridge became one of the first national key cultural relics protection units.

Shiziqiao

Shiziqiao

Crossbridge is located in Jinci, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province. This bridge is cross-shaped. The whole bridge is supported by 34 metallic gray octagonal stones, and the top of the column is connected with the longitudinal and transverse beams through the cypress arch. Cross-deck fish pond flying beams, white marble railings and square bricks can be paved, and tourists from south to north and east to west can pass through. Because of the exquisite structure of this bridge, folklore was built by Lu Ban.

This bridge has been weathered for many years, and its material is very strong. It is one of the top ten famous bridges in ancient China.

wind and rain bridge

Sanjiang Yufeng bridge

Yufeng Bridge is a unique bridge of Dong nationality. Popular in Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou, Guangxi and other places. It consists of bridges, towers and pavilions. All of them are made of wood, and the bridge deck is paved with railings, benches and bridge roof tiles on both sides, forming a corridor-style walkway. Towers and pavilions built on stone piers are multi-layered, with upturned cornices and gourds at the top. They are called one of the top ten most incredible bridges in the world. It is named because passers-by can avoid the wind and rain.

Wind and rain bridges are mainly made of Chinese fir. The whole building does not need nails and rivets, and all the wood is connected vertically with tenons and crosses. The roof of the shed is covered with hard and compact tiles, and all the exposed wooden surfaces are coated with antiseptic tung oil, so these huge buildings that span the stream and stand proudly in the sky are still indestructible after wind and rain. These ancient buildings, which flourished from the end of the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, are rigorous in structure, unique in shape and full of national temperament.

Yufeng Bridge is another national building that Dong people are proud of. This bridge consists of huge stone piers, wooden bridge bodies, long profiles and pavilions. Except for the stone piers, the rest are all wood structures with mortises and tenons. The bridge is supported by huge wood. The arch bridge is hoisted from the stone pier with a huge wooden structure inverted trapezoid, so that the stress points are balanced and the deck veranda is like a long dragon. There are three or five bridge pavilions with three or five floors and four corners forming an octagon on the veranda. At the end of the bridge eaves tile beam, there is a eaves mausoleum, which looks like a phoenix rising. A carp jumps on the beach and a lion sits on it. On the top of the main beam, there is a plastic dragon robbing treasure, which is decorated with colorful paintings. The long canopy of the bridge is an aisle with benches on both sides for pedestrians to rest. Dong people who are enthusiastic about public welfare put tea on the bridge in summer to quench the thirst of pedestrians. At the upper ends of the two walls of the long profile, various historical figures are carved with wooden boards, or colorful fairy tale pictures are drawn for pedestrians to enjoy when they rest.

The main bridge of Sanjiang Fengyu Bridge, the longest wind and rain bridge in the world, began to erect columns in the middle of the exhibition hall, laying the foundation for the wooden structure connection of the whole bridge. Sanjiang Yufeng Bridge is 355 meters long and 16 meters wide. The wooden structure is designed as the traditional Dong Yufeng Bridge, with seven pavilions, namely, the sloping top mountain, the pyramid-shaped roof and the pavilion in the middle of the bridge, with the highest height of 65,438+08 meters. In terms of height, length and shape design, this bridge is the best in the world.

Chain bridge

Chain bridge

Luding Tiesuo Bridge, located on the Dadu River in Luding County, is a national key cultural relics protection unit. The bridge was built in the forty-four and forty-five years of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1706). Kangxi inscribed "Luding Bridge" and erected a monument at the bridge head. Bridge length 103m, width 3m, 13 chains are fixed on both sides of the bridge. * * * There are 12 164 iron rings interlocking, and the whole bridge weighs more than 40 tons. The piers on both sides of the bridge are unique ancient wooden structures, which are unique in China. Since the Qing Dynasty, this bridge has been an important passage and military fortress for Sichuan to enter Tibet. On May 29th, 1993, the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants flew here and captured Luding Bridge, which became famous at home and abroad.

Luding Tiesuo Bridge is103.67m long and 3m wide, and consists of three parts: bridge body, abutment and bridge pavilion.

Fifth bridge

Fifth bridge

Wuyin Bridge is located in Xiaoling Shinto, Shunzhi Emperor of Dongling, Hebei Province. There are 126 calcite fences on both sides of this bridge, which can make tinkling music when struck, including the five tones of Gong, Shang, Jiao, Qian and Yu in China ancient vocal music, so it is called "Five-tone Bridge". Use wooden percussion instruments when knocking, which has achieved the best results. The total length of the bridge is110.60m, and the bridge width is 9 9. 10/0m. On the bridge, there are 128 stone pillars, 4 drum stones and 126 calcite fences on both sides. Each fence has the same shape and size. If a stone is struck along it, it will make different sounds. This is a building.

Dai Yu bridge

Dai Yu bridge

Located on the long dike of Kunming Lake in the Summer Palace, Daiyu Bridge was built during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1736- 1795). The clear distance of a single hole of the bridge is 1 1.38m, and the rising height is about 7.5m The bridge deck is made of jade, with a double-reverse curve, forming a wave-shaped bridge type, which is particularly majestic with refined white stone railings.

Daiyu Bridge is the most popular of the six Xidi Bridges. It is the only high arch stone bridge on the west dike, and it is the passage for Qianlong to take a boat from Kunming Lake to Yuquan Mountain. This bridge is made of white marble and blue white stone. There are all kinds of cranes flying in the clouds on the white bridge column, which are finely carved and lifelike, showing the artistic talent of the sculptor.