Which countries betrayed Chinese characters?

South Korea bears the brunt. The capital of South Korea used to be called Seoul. In order to get rid of China culture completely, it is called Seoul!

On May 14, the Korean National Language Institute announced the latest translations of about 200 Korean dishes in Chinese, English and Japanese, abolishing the Chinese name "Qi Xin" of kimchi or changing it back to "Kimchi".

I believe the first reaction of most readers is: When was there such a thing as "Qi Xin"?

Yes, at the end of last year, South Korea applied for kimchi as a world cultural heritage. In order to distinguish Korean kimchi from China kimchi, its Chinese name was changed to "Qi Xin". However, for strawberries, this strange name is neither so literary as "Florence" nor so lofty as "Stoli Pear", so people in China simply ignore it.

After all, Koreans want to reduce the influence of Chinese characters on South Korea and highlight the independence of Korean culture. In modern times, boycotting Chinese characters and "removing Chinese characters" have become the trend in many countries in East Asia. Today, I will tell you why friends in the Chinese character circle want to abandon Chinese characters.

Chinese characters once ruled East Asia.

Historically, Chinese characters used to be the official languages of many countries in East Asia, including Vietnam, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Singapore and Malaysia.

In the circle, North Korea, Japan and Vietnam have all used Chinese characters as a formal or unique writing system in history.

Korean people introduced Chinese characters around A.D., far ahead of China. In the 4th century, North Korea established the Imperial College London, and Chinese characters became the official language of North Korea. It was not until the middle of15th century that Sejong, the fourth generation monarch of the Lee Dynasty, created the earliest phonology "admonishing the people" (that is, "proverbs"). But until the end of 19, Chinese characters still occupied the writing position of official documents. Scholars believe that abandoning Chinese characters is equivalent to losing Chinese civilization and becoming a barbarian land.

According to the earliest historical documents of Japan, Ancient Records and Records of Japan, Chinese characters were introduced into Japan in the 4th or 5th century, and some research results even show that it was earlier. Due to the different time and region when Chinese characters were introduced into Japan from China, there are also five tones, Chinese tones and Tang tones in pronunciation.

In ancient Vietnam, Chinese characters were called Confucianism. Because Chinese characters were introduced into Vietnam with Confucian poetry books. In the following 1000 years, Chinese characters were the official languages of Vietnam. There are many important historical books and official documents in China. For example, Historical Records of Da Yue is one of the most important historical books to study the early Vietnamese history, which is compiled by classical Chinese and Chinese.

People are scattered, and the team is not easy to take.

For a long time, China "ruled" many Asian countries with Chinese characters. But after all, it is only the official language, which is different from the language they use every day, which is very inconvenient. In modern times, with the decline of China's influence, countries began to emphasize national consciousness, and with the intention of the rulers, the movement of eliminating Chinese characters from the Chinese character circle never stopped.

In this "rebellion", the highest degree of removing Chinese characters should be Vietnam. 1945, after Vietnam's independence, Chinese characters were abolished and replaced by 17 century "Chinese characters" invented by Christian missionaries and widely used by French colonial policies. There are no traces of Chinese characters in Vietnamese now.

On the Korean peninsula, the resistance to Chinese characters is quite revolutionary. The big brother of the Soviet Union called: "The adoption of Roman characters is also a part of the democratic revolution in the East", so North Korea abolished Chinese characters after the founding of the People's Republic of China.

1948 promulgated the Proverbs Special Usage Law, which was the first major crisis faced by Chinese characters in Korea. At that time, South Korea was deeply influenced by the United States, and the theory of "moving from Asia to the West" swept the country. The first step is to abolish Chinese characters. With the support of the United States, South Korea even established the "Chinese Character Abolition Society", and the special usage of proverbs was born under the suggestion of the "Chinese Character Abolition Society". Park chung-hee, then president of South Korea in the 1970s, worked hard to abolish "Korean-only" Chinese characters during the 18 years when South Korea was in power. He banned the teaching of Chinese characters in primary schools and only allowed junior high schools and senior high schools to teach 900 basic Chinese characters. In Korea, only three universities offer Chinese departments. But what is unforgettable is that his eldest daughter, the current South Korean President park geun-hye, is "proficient in Chinese and likes China philosophy."

In contrast, Japan's "resistance" to Chinese characters seems to be a long stream. 1200 years ago, the Japanese began to create syllabic letters with simplified Chinese characters. More than 800 years ago, this alphabet system gradually matured and was called "pseudonym". The Chinese characters that China people can understand now are not "China Chinese characters", but "Japanese Chinese characters" produced by Japanese new word formation and new ideas. At present, there are 265,438+036 Japanese characters, of which more than 300 have been simplified. For example, "near" has been simplified to "near".

In fact, in modern times, China, as the core of Chinese cultural circle, was a little difficult to protect itself. During the May 4th Movement, Chinese characters were regarded as one of the root causes of China's backwardness. For example, Qian said: "The evil of Chinese characters, such as difficult to recognize and write, hinders the popularization of education and the spread of knowledge"; Wu Shuo: "Chinese characters are the product of ancient feudal society, which has become one of the tools used by the ruling class to oppress the working people. In fact, it is an obstacle for the broad masses of people to read, and it has not adapted to the present era." "In order to fundamentally solve the problem of text reform, Chinese characters have embarked on the phonetic direction of the world."

Chen Duxiu, Liu Bannong, Qu Qiubai, Lu Xun and Cai Yuanpei are all supporters of abolishing Chinese characters and using Latin letters instead. At that time, the Soviets had been helping us to change Chinese characters into Latin. If it hadn't been for the falling out between China and the Soviet Union, maybe I would have done it long ago.

Want to retire? It's not that easy!

In the following decades, these countries found this road more and more difficult, because removing Chinese characters would not only destroy their entire phonetic system, but also be an act of artificially splitting history.

As far as the Korean peninsula is concerned, because the Chinese characters of North and South Korea have been used for nearly 2000 years, if all the Chinese characters in ancient official documents, historical works and literary works are erased, there will be nothing.

The younger generation, lacking the education of Chinese studies, can't understand the historical materials of their own country and can only read the "translated version". In view of this, at the beginning of 2009, South Korea's living Prime Minister 2 1 jointly signed a proposal to urge the implementation of Chinese character education. On the proposal, most former prime ministers signed it in Chinese characters.

About 70% of Korean words come from Chinese, among which there are many homonyms. Korean, as a phonography, is less likely to cause ambiguity or even jokes than Chinese characters. For example, in an important section of a high-speed railway in South Korea, the concrete sleepers need waterproof foam filler, but the construction party used water-absorbing materials, resulting in cracking of 155000 sleepers. Finally, the engineering team found that the reason for the mistake turned out to be that they misunderstood the explanatory text of the drawings and mistook "waterproof" for "drainage".

Although the improvement of Japanese characters is moderate, it has also caused some confusion-the original Chinese characters were all written in pseudonyms, resulting in a large number of pseudonyms, and many people can't understand Japanese. It was former Japanese Prime Minister Taro Aso who suffered greatly. Because he often mispronounced Japanese characters, he was satirized by political opponents and the media. When answering a question about the current domestic economic situation at a plenary session of the House of Representatives in 2009, he read the word "depression" (pronounced teimei in Japanese) as "teimai". He also misspelled in the Senate Finance Committee in 2008. Although he immediately realized the misunderstanding and corrected it, he still caused a snicker in the meeting.

Nowadays, Chinese characters still have a special position in countries with Chinese character cultural circles. In Japan, the number of Chinese characters in the article reflects the author's cultural level. In Korean shopping malls, Chinese characters such as "Zhu Hua Married", "Zhu Rong Money" and "Zhu Huajia" are printed on envelopes or invitations for gifts, which can show the seriousness and education of the inviter. Vietnamese also love China's calligraphy works, and China calligraphers in Vietnam are particularly respected in the local society.

In recent years, the revival of Chinese characters has gradually appeared among people who have withdrawn from the circle. Some scholars have suggested that Chinese characters are not only the characters of China, but also the international characters of East Asia. They can enable people of different languages to communicate with each other in written language and coexist with phonography at the same time, which can greatly promote exchanges and cooperation among East Asian countries. It's a pity to abandon it, but you should review it well.