Shit! ! rabies

The clinical manifestations of rabies can be divided into four stages. 1. incubation period: (average about 1-3 months), during which the infected person is asymptomatic. 2. Precursor stage: The infected person begins to have symptoms such as general malaise, fever, fatigue, anxiety, pain in the bitten part, abnormal sensation, etc. 3. Excited period: The patient's symptoms reached a peak, and symptoms such as mental tension, general spasm, hallucination, delirium, fear of light, sound, water and wind appeared. Therefore, rabies is also called hydrophobia, and patients often suffocate because of throat spasm. 4. Coma period: If the patient can survive the excitement period, he will enter the coma period. During this period, patients are in a deep coma, but the symptoms of rabies are no longer obvious, and most patients who enter this period will eventually fail and die.

Canine symptom violence type

There are three stages: prodromal stage, excitement stage and paralysis stage. (1) Precursor period (depression period): 1-2 days. Sick dogs lack characteristic symptoms and are easily overlooked. The main manifestations are mild abnormalities, such as sensitive temperament, abnormal behavior, easy to get angry, not listening to calls, itchy bites, and frequent licking of parts with the tongue. (2) Furious period: The sick dog is highly excited and attacks people and animals. Show a particularly squint and fear expression. When stimulated by the outside world again, new attacks may appear, such as crazy attacks, self-biting limbs, tails and genitals. Sick dogs wander in the wild, most of them don't return, biting people and animals everywhere. With the development of the disease, they fall into the state of consciousness disorder, reflex disorder, emaciation, hoarseness, tail contraction, eye socket depression, pupil dilation or contraction, drooling and so on. (3) paralysis. Salivation is obvious, the hind limbs are paralyzed and I can't afford to lie down. Finally, he died of respiratory center paralysis or failure. The whole course of the disease was 1- 10 days.

symptom

The incubation period of the disease ranges from 10 days to over 1 year, the longest is over 10 year, and it is generally 30-90 days. Clinically, it can be divided into two types. Excited type (typical type) is the most common, and paralytic type is rare. Excitative type can be divided into prodromal stage, exciting stage and paralytic stage. The prodromal period lasts for 1 ~ 4 days, which is mainly manifested as abnormal sensation, numbness, itching or pain near the healed wound and its nerve pathway, intermittent radiation tingling at its distal end, ant walking sensation in its limbs, and frequent systemic symptoms such as low fever, headache, fatigue, irritability and anxiety, followed by sound, light and anxiety. The exciting period lasts 1 ~ 3 days, which is mainly manifested as fear of water, wind, sound, light and excitement, which is extremely scary. The most typical symptom is the fear of water: drinking water, smelling running water or even drinking water can induce severe pharyngeal muscle spasm, so you are often too thirsty to drink, and you can't swallow it. Breeze, sound and touch can also cause pharyngeal muscle spasm. Severe spasm may be accompanied by respiratory muscle spasm, which may lead to dyspnea and even general convulsion. The function of autonomic nervous system is also hyperactive, showing sweating, increased heart rate, increased blood pressure and increased saliva secretion. Because you can't drink water, you sweat a lot and often get dehydrated. Body temperature often rises to 38 ~ 40℃. Most of them are clear-headed, with occasional mental disorders, delirium and auditory hallucinations. , but few people bite. Paralysis lasted for 6 ~ 18 hours. The patient gradually became quiet, the seizure stopped, and various kinds of paralysis appeared, among which limb paralysis was more common. Paralysis of eye muscles, facial muscles and masticatory muscles may also occur, which is characterized by eye movement disorder, mandibular prolapse and salivation. At the same time, aphonia, hypoesthesia, disappearance of reflex, dilated pupils, weak or irregular breathing, coma, and rapid death due to respiratory and circulatory failure may occur. The average duration of the whole journey is 4 days, generally no more than 6 days, and it is rare to exceed 10 days. The prodromal stage of paralysis is also characterized by fever, headache, general malaise and abnormal sensation in the bitten part, followed by various paralysis, such as limb paraplegia, ascending spinal cord paralysis, etc., and finally often died of respiratory muscle paralysis. This type of course can be longer, about 7 ~ 10 days.

Treatment measures

Western medicine treatment

Isolate the patient in a dark room to avoid the stimulation of sound, light and wind. Medical staff should wear masks and rubber gloves to prevent saliva from polluting nasal cavity and oral mucosa and skin. Pay attention to maintaining the function of patients' respiratory system and cardiovascular system. Others can be treated according to the patient's condition. In addition, scientists have been studying some neurotoxins, which can be used to treat diseases caused by viruses parasitic on the human nervous system, such as rabies virus. Rabies is very harmful to people. Once a person is bitten by rabies, he should be injected with rabies vaccine as soon as possible. If it is serious, he should also be injected with serum or immunoglobulin. As long as there is no disease, it is a competition between antibodies and viruses. Once it happens, the mortality rate is 100%. Only one case in the world has been rescued, but it has no promotion value. Therefore, animal owners must regularly inject rabies vaccine into other animals according to immunization procedures to prevent being bitten by dogs. For domestic large dogs, they must be kept in captivity and chained to prevent others from being bitten by free-range dogs. Once a person is bitten by an unknown dog, he should immediately go to the epidemic prevention department for emergency immunization. Control measures should be taken immediately after the discovery of ownerless dogs and wild dogs. After being bitten by an animal or beast diagnosed or suspected to have rabies, the wound should be thoroughly cleaned with 20% soapy water or 0. 1% fresh detergent (or other quaternary amine drugs) in time. Soap water can neutralize the effect of quaternary amine, so it can't be used together. After washing, apply 75% alcohol or 2 ~ 3% iodine. The wound is not suitable for suture. Patients should be vaccinated against rabies in time when rabies has not been ruled out or biting animals can no longer be observed. In addition to being bitten, anyone who is licked, scratched or scratched by a suspected rabies animal needs to be vaccinated. There are four kinds of rabies vaccines commonly used: inactivated sheep brain vaccine (semple's vaccine), inactivated duck embryo vaccine, inactivated milk animal brain vaccine and tissue culture vaccine. The first three kinds have been used for a long time, and they are all the roughest biological products, which contain a lot of non-viral antigen substances, which will lead to serious and even fatal complications, such as encephalomyelitis and meningitis. Its immunogenicity is low and it needs long-term injection. Therefore, tissue culture vaccines are advocated at present, such as hamster kidney vaccine, fetal bovine kidney vaccine, chicken embryo cell vaccine, human diploid cell vaccine, etc. Among them, human diploid cell vaccine is the best, which not only has good preventive effect, but also has no serious adverse reactions. If you have been vaccinated with other rabies vaccines in the past, you only need to inject it once. At present, the hamster kidney vaccine produced in China is similar to it, which is worthy of wide application. If the bite is serious and there are many wounds or wounds on the head, face, neck and fingers, anti-rabies serum should be injected at the same time as vaccination. Combined use of anti-rabies serum, the antitoxin of serum can neutralize the free virus in vivo in time, prevent the virus from spreading, relatively prolong the incubation period of rabies, give the body enough time to produce autoantibodies and reduce the incidence rate. Allergy test should be done when using anti-rabies serum. Because the immune serum can neutralize the free virus, it can also reduce the speed of virus propagation and diffusion in cells, prolong the incubation period, and strive for the time for automatic antibody production, thus improving the effectiveness of the vaccine. The application of anti-rabies serum can inhibit the titer of autoantibodies and delay their production time. The injection method of anti-rabies serum is half intramuscular injection and half wound infiltration injection. People, sick animals or patients who have more contact with rabies virus should be vaccinated before infection. Rabies vaccine should be injected by intramuscular injection 1 needle and * * * on the 0 th, 3 rd, 7 th, 14 th and 28 th day respectively. 0 indicates the injection date of 1 needle, and so on. If it is necessary to inject anti-rabies serum, it is best to use it on the day before or on the same day, 10 and strengthen the injection of 1 needle on the 20th day after injecting 5 doses of vaccine. Injection of rabies vaccine and serum should be timely and sufficient.

Traditional therapy in China

So far, there is no conclusive evidence that Chinese medicine can effectively treat rabies in the attack period, because the virus has invaded the brain and destroyed the central nervous system during the attack period. Because of the particularity of the central nervous system, almost one nerve cell is dead. Once the important functional areas of the central nervous system are destroyed, people will die immediately. Even if the central nervous system produces immunity, then this immune effect is fatal to people, which is why girls rescued internationally still have sequelae. In addition, due to the extremely short course of disease after onset, it takes only about 6 days from symptoms to death, and the longest is only about 10 days, and it only takes 24 hours for the virus to enter the brain and completely destroy the nerves. No drug can destroy the virus and repair the nerve in a few days without damaging the central nervous system. This is why rabies patients almost 100% die once they get sick. Moreover, the so-called rabies Chinese medicine prescription can't even pass the simplest animal experiment. Because many people listen to rumors, they are particularly afraid, and their bodies imitate diseases. Many so-called treatments are aimed at treating this hypochondriac disease rather than real rabies. If people who don't know medical knowledge can't know whether a medical achievement is true or not, they can use the simplest judgment. A medical achievement, not to mention such an achievement in treating rabies in the onset period, must be published in medical journals first to facilitate discussion among peers. If not, it will first appear in comprehensive newspapers or websites, most of which are deceptive. In a word, the treatment and even cure of rabies by Chinese medicine can be considered as a lie. At least at present, Chinese medicine, like western medicine, has no specific treatment for rabies, and rabies is a terminal disease in both Chinese and western medicine.

Symptoms of animals:

Most of them are violent, the prodromal period is less than 1 day, showing low fever and obvious behavior changes. The exciting period lasts -4 days. Sick cats usually hide in the dark and attack people as soon as they get close. Because they move very fast, they should not be noticed, and they like to attack people's heads, so they are more aggressive than dogs. At this time, the sick cat has muscle tremor, dilated pupils, salivation, camel back and claws sticking out, showing strong aggression. Paralysis generally lasts 1-4, showing dyskinesia and obvious hind limbs. When the head and neck muscles are paralyzed, the voice is hoarse. Then he convulsed and died in a coma. About 25% of the sick cats showed paralysis and died within a few hours or 1-2 days after onset.

Please pay attention to those who have frequent contact with stray cats.