Why is the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period so chaotic? How did Qin Shihuang become the final winner?

Why is the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period so chaotic? How did Qin Shihuang become the final winner? The editor brought a detailed article for your reference.

One of the most striking features in the Spring and Autumn Period was the war of annexation.

Yu Shun Xia Shang Zhou Rebellion, Spring and Autumn and Warring States Rebellion. Qin, Han and Jin were unified, and the Northern and Southern Dynasties were opposed. The emperors of Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing all abdicated. The famous Song Dynasty defined the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period as a "chaotic and leisurely" era. China has a history of 5000 years. The first troubled times were the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, followed by the Three Kingdoms, the Northern and Southern Dynasties and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, and it was also one of the famous troubled times. During the Spring and Autumn Period, rites and music fell apart, and wars continued in various countries. There were five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period and seven lords in the Warring States Period. The annexation war reduced hundreds of vassal States to single digits. Finally, the Qin Dynasty swept Liuhe and unified China. During that time, Emperor Zhou lost all his credibility, unlike you. Between vassal States, there are many phenomena, such as father and son killing each other, brothers fighting each other, courtiers killing each other, and father and emperor taking away their children and daughters. Hundreds of schools have stepped onto the historical stage one after another and interpreted the history of blood and fire for more than 500 years.

the Spring and Autumn Period

Zhou Youwang was the chief culprit in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

Before the Spring and Autumn Period, Chinese civilization was also a unified dynasty, including Xia, Shang and Western Zhou Dynasties. The reason for entering the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period is the introduction of illegitimate child Zhou Youwang. The Spring and Autumn Period began with Zhou Youwang's illegitimate child.

Lighthouse drama director

The name is Ji. Before Zhou Youwang, although the country was not peaceful, the world respected Zhou Wang as king and finally had a unified order. Zhou Youwang is a typical bad king. The famous war drama The Warlord is Zhou Youwang's masterpiece. He entertained the village guests by performing a farce of "Wolf Coming". Bos smiled, but the governors were no longer afraid of Zhou Youwang. His orders became a joke to the governors. In order to please Bao Si, Zhou Youwang abolished his son Gibb as a prince and the original Prince Ji Yijiu. His wrong ethnic policy led to the rebellion of the national ruler Shen Hou. He "lured the wolf into the room" and joined forces with Remnant Rong to attack the capital of Zhou Dynasty. However, due to the loss of credibility, the governors failed to save Zhou Youwang, which eventually led to the demise of the Western Zhou Dynasty.

After Zhou Youwang's death, the vassals established the former Prince Ji Yi as the king and fought for Zhou Pingwang. After Zhou Pingwang ascended the throne, the whole world did not recognize him. At that time, in the north of Renqiu, another king of Zhou also ascended the throne. He is Zhou Wang from Ctrip. Both Zhou emperors had their own courtiers. Finally, forced to move the capital, Zhou Ctrip was killed by the State of Jin. The lightness of princes in the world began in the Zhou Dynasty. Many governors didn't pay tribute. The Spring and Autumn Period has arrived.

The "indivisibility" of the feudal system is the "complete curse" of the annexation war.

The most striking feature of the Spring and Autumn Period was the war of annexation. At the beginning of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, there were hundreds of vassal states in the world. These vassal States, large and small, are actually independent and divided into small kingdoms. Apart from paying tribute, they are almost independent in finance, military affairs and taxation. Why are there so many small countries under a big country? The emergence of "China-China" situation was determined by the system of Zhou Dynasty.

Qi Huangong

The Zhou dynasty destroyed the Shang dynasty and sealed the princes. The object of the enfeoffment system is mainly Zhou's royal family and founding contributions. There are five kinds of knights: male, Hou, Bo, Zi and Gong. According to records, 7 1 countries split at the beginning of this week, among which 53 were children of the royal family, accounting for the vast majority. There are others, of course.

The vassal States that were divided into vassal States all had their own fiefs. At first, they were calm and settled down in their own place. Polygamy was practiced in ancient times. These nobles have many children, usually princes, and many sons. These sons also have blocked requests. If it is not handled properly, there will be disputes. There are more and more descendants of princes, but the fiefs are limited, which will eventually lead to the embarrassing situation of "no points, no points", and this contradiction will erupt at the first opportunity. They are all princes and grandchildren. No one can drink the northwest wind. They don't have the mentality that ordinary people live a poor life and a happy life. One day, they will fight each other with "unevenly distributed dust", such as Lu, the old aristocrat, the upstart, the son of the current dynasty, and the Third Ring Road, which has raised many contradictory ordinary people. In the end, civil strife led to the victory of the Third Ring Road. Lu was forced to flee to Qi. Even the king ran away. What a mess.

In troubled times, "a hundred schools of thought contend" are all looking for ways to save the world.

Culturally, chaos also appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The so-called "heroes are born in troubled times." This hero is not just a military battlefield. On the battlefield of culture and ideology, all heroes will appear together. During the Spring and Autumn Period, China was full of stars, and many thinkers emerged. In fact, it's not a hundred schools of thought contend. There are more than a thousand schools. Among them, there are more than ten famous schools: Confucianism, Taoism, France, militia, agriculture, militia, Mohist school, teacher, Yin and Yang, Confucianism, novelist, Fang Jijia and so on. Their representatives, Confucius, Mencius, Xunzi, Laozi, Liezi, Zhuangzi, Han Feizi, Lisi, Shen Buhai, Sun Wu, Sun Bin, Wuqi, Xu Xing, Mozi, Guiguzi, Su Qin and Zhang Yi, all stepped onto the historical stage.

Authors in all categories

Just as Confucius traveled around the world, Mozi lobbied the world, and Su Qin mediated the printing in six countries, the various opinions of these hundred schools put forward ways to save the world in their respective fields. If these ways to save the world are to be implemented, they must be responded by the client countries. There was no strict patriotism at that time, and "treason" was everywhere. No matter which country you come from, it is the last word that you can be reused. So we saw many guests and nobles and promoted many guests. Meng Changjun and other four famous princes invited thousands of guests. People express their opinions out of goodwill, that is, they try to save the world. Even Lu Ban had an argument with Mozi, and Mozi won every attack and defense.

Fortunately, after the troubled times, many great philosophers were born in China. Confucius, Laozi, Sun Tzu, Mozi and other world-class figures stand out, and their thoughts still influence the world.

Rong De, the barbarian, set his sights on the Central Plains countries and took advantage of this opportunity to start his work.

Zhou reneged on his word, and the vassal States merged to dominate the world. There were five kings in the Spring and Autumn Period and seven kings in the Warring States Period. At that time, the Central Plains border did not retreat, and the barbarian Yung took the opportunity to invade the Central Plains. Therefore, the harm of Xiongnu in Qin and Han Dynasties, Wuhu in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Turkic in Sui and Tang Dynasties and the open struggle in Song, Liao, Xia, Jin and Meng actually sowed the seeds of war as early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Yung Yung, a barbarian, invaded the Central Plains, which was no less than a large-scale war in later generations. It disappeared in the torrent of history and was not noticed by people.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, vassals attacked each other.

The Western Zhou Dynasty was originally a powerful dynasty, which could not be destroyed by the strength of the governors, because if a warlord attacked the Zhou Dynasty, it would be jointly attacked by other governors. The most important force that destroyed the Zhou Dynasty was the nation known as the remnant Rong. Rong, also known as Can Yi, Kun Yi and Xie Yi, is a native of Shaanxi and Gansu. "For a time, Gao Xin's family fought against Canrong." Silkworm melt has existed since the Five Emperors' era with a long history. As early as Yan Huang's time, the powerful dog army was regarded as the enemy of the Central Plains people. The Western Zhou Dynasty can be destroyed. The ancestors of this nation worshipped dogs and regarded them as totems, so the Central Plains people called dogs the Dog Army. Qin lives in the west. Encouraged by revenge, Qin finally defeated Quanrong and occupied a large area of Quanrong.

The minority tribes living in Yanshan area are mainly Shanrong. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Yan's biggest foreign enemy, besides competing with the Central Plains, was Shanrong. Dan Rong is also very good. Queen Yan was forced to move to Linyi in order to avoid the attack of Shanrong. When Qi Huangong became a hero, Yan Zhuanggong turned to Qi Huangong for help. He led multinational troops to attack Shanrong, wiped out the solitary bamboo department and Shanrong headquarters, thus saving Yan's life.

In today's Hebei, northern Shaanxi and Shanxi areas, during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Qi and Zheng also had a foreign enemy-Beirong. At that time, overlord Zheng Zhuanggong lost to Beirong on the frontal battlefield, but Zheng Zhuanggong gained the upper hand strategically. He designed to take Beirong into the ambush zone and attack violently. Qi and Zheng formed a "two-strong alliance", once again defeated Beirong and won the title of leader. The third attack on Beirong was a joint attack by Qi and Xu, which caused great losses. This requires the alliance of two great powers to deal with it, which proves the strength of Beirong from one side.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, vassals attacked each other.

Beidi, a minority tribe in the north, is also a super powerful existence. It abolished two medium-sized countries, rejuvenating the country and protecting the family. Even if Qi Huangong, the leader of the Five Commandments in the Spring and Autumn Period, led the multinational forces to defeat the Northern Emperor, it could only help Xingguo and Weiguo recover their homes in other places, because the original land had been transferred by the Northern Emperor tribe. It is difficult for the Central Plains forces such as Qi to defeat the Northern Emperor by themselves. Both sides have won and lost, which shows their strength. However, the Northern Emperor finally fell into the hands of the State of Jin. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the most brilliant achievement of Jin's hegemony was the demise of the Northern Emperor.

We are familiar with Zhao's riding and shooting stories. Wuling of Zhao is a great vassal. In addition to competing with Qin, Zhao's greatest achievement was the victory in attacking Xiongnu, Donghu and other ethnic minorities. Learn from others' strengths and defeat the enemy, which is the earliest "learning the skills of foreigners and controlling the skills of foreigners". Sun Yat-sen, who was destroyed by Wu Zhao's mausoleum, was actually a minority tribal country established by Bai Di people, with 9,000 chariots, second only to the Seven Heroes of the Warring States. General Zhao Li Mu defeated Xiongnu, and East Lake and 100,000 Xiongnu were wiped out by Li Mu. This was the biggest battle of the Central Plains Dynasty against Xiongnu during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Qin's campaign against ethnic minorities has never stopped. The dog army, which perished in the Western Zhou Dynasty, was defeated by the State of Qin and gained a land of thousands of miles. Another conquered country of Xirong tribe fought with Qin for 400 years and was finally defeated and destroyed by Qin.

From "respecting the king and resisting foreign countries" to "dominating the world", Qin Shihuang finally won.

The Spring and Autumn Period began when the Western Zhou Dynasty perished and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty moved its capital. The first bully returned to China because of Zheng's help. Zhou Pingwang is very grateful to Zheng Zhuanggong. But Zheng's strength was finally far surpassed by Qi. With the help of Guan Zhong, Qi Huangong formulated the national policy of "respecting the king and defending the enemy". In fact, this is the earliest policy of "holding the emperor to make the princes". Qi Huangong conquered disobedient countries in the name of the Zhou Emperor. This strategy has been tried and tested.

Qin Shi Huang

Taking Qi Huangong as a successful example, other overlords in the Spring and Autumn Period, such as Song Xianggong, Jin Wengong, Chu Zhuangwang, Qin Mugong, Fu Cha, Gou Jian, etc. Has embarked on this path. This is the right way, which fully shows that although Zhou Wang lost his prestige at that time, he is still a banner in spirit, and no one wants to directly challenge the authority of Zhou Wang. In this prestige, Zhou Wang has his own small piece of land, but he still enjoys his own life. The vassal States fought against each other, but none conquered the land of the king of Zhou.

But by the Warring States period, great changes had taken place. The Seven Heroes of the Warring States did not "respect the king and resist foreign countries", but fought for world hegemony naked. Chu, Qin and Qi, big countries, dare to directly challenge the authority of Zhou Wang, and dare to win the world, whether it is the king or the emperor. This is the national emblem of Zhou Jiuding. Winning this title means directly challenging Zhou's national authority. Being king or emperor means equal status with the Zhou Emperor. However, under the threat of the client country, Zhou Wang is powerless, because the client country is powerful to a certain extent, and this is not a problem that only the orthodox authorities can solve. In the last years of Qin Shihuang, the six countries were no match for Qin, let alone puppet emperors. In fact, as early as Qin Zhaoxiang, the great grandfather of Qin Shihuang, ascended the throne, the Zhou Dynasty had already reached the end of the sunset. Qin "moved to nine places, reincarnated and reincarnated" and destroyed the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. When Qin Shihuang unified the six countries and established the Qin Dynasty, the Eastern Zhou Dynasty had been extinct for more than 30 years. Qin Shihuang did not witness the unification of the six countries in the war.