Biography of New Confucius or The Journey to the West

Confucius traveled to the East and saw two children arguing on the way. Ask them what they are arguing about.

A child said, "I think the sun is close to people when it first comes out, and far away from people at noon." Another child thinks that the sun is far away from people when it first comes out and close to people at noon.

The previous child said, "When the sun first came out, it was as big as the roof of a car. At noon, it was as small as the mouth of a plate and bowl. Isn't this just looking small from a distance and looking big from a distance? "

Another child said, "It's cool as soon as the sun comes out, and it's hot when you put your hand into hot water at noon. It's not hot when it's near, and it's not cold when it's far away? "

Hearing this, Confucius could not judge who was right and wrong. The two children smiled and said, "Who said you were so smart?"

Liezi is a collection of works in the pre-Qin period, which contains many folk stories, fables and myths and legends, such as Yu Gong Yi Shan and Chicken Farm Snow Society. Vivid in image and profound in meaning, it still has high literary and ideological significance.

Liezi is said to have been written by Lieyukou during the Warring States Period. Lieyukou, also known as Lu Kou, Lu Kou. Legend has it that he was born in Putian (now Zhengzhou City, Henan Province) and was a Taoist during the Warring States Period. He studied under Jin Qiu Zi Lin (Lin Ming, Zheng Ren), Huang Di and Lao Zi. He was quiet, kept away from people and never became an official. His theory of "respecting righteousness", "emphasizing emptiness" and "respecting righteousness" is to accept the Confucian theory of "correcting the name", that is, to demand be worthy of the name; "Effective emptiness" comes from Taoism, which advocates "nothingness", everything goes with the flow and nothing is done. Liezi wrote 20 books, including100000 words. Today, there are only 8 books left, including Tian Rui, Huangdi, Zhou Muwang, Zhong Ni, Tang Wen, Li Ming, Yang Zhu and Fu Shuo. Most of them are folk stories, fables and myths and legends. During the Tianbao period of the Tang Dynasty, Liezi was called the Mirror of Xu Chong, which was one of the Taoist classics.

Reference translation

When Confucius traveled eastward, he saw two children arguing (1) and asked him why (2).

A son said, "I started from (3) the day I went out, (4) people were near, and Japanese and China were far away." Another child thinks that the sun is far from the sun when it rises, and it is closer to people at noon.

A son said, "When the sun rises, it is as big as a hood (6), and when it rises at noon (7), (8) is like a vegetable bowl (9). This is not (10) which is smaller and which is closer? "

A son said, "It's cool when the sun rises in the morning (1 1), just like exploring soup at noon (12). Isn't this near hot and far cold? "

Confucius can't decide (13). The two children laughed and said, "Who is smarter than you (15)?"

(1) Debate: Debate, debate.

(2) reason: reason, reason.

(3) take: think, think.

(4) Go: Leave.

(5) noon: noon.

(6) Car cover: The canopy on ancient cars was umbrella-shaped.

And: here we are.

(8) then: just.

(9) jar: an open vessel for holding wine and food.

(10) Yes: Yes.

(1 1) Cang Cang Liang: cold and cloudy, with cool weather.

(12) soup exploration: put your hand into hot water. It means it's very hot.

(13) judgment: ruling, judgment.

(14) who: who, which.

(15) ru: you.

The writing features of A Day of Two Children Arguing;

1, the language is concise and reasonable.

2. Be good at using metaphors. For example, when two children argue about the phenomenon of "the distance between the suns", they use two metaphors such as "like a car cover" and "like a plate cylinder" to explain the size of the sun in detail, and combine "the beginning of a day" and "Japan and China" to clarify the reasons for the conclusion; On the one hand, starting from the feeling, taking Tantang as a contrast, combining the Early of the Day and Japan-China, the reasons are also made clear. Because the author is good at using metaphors, the language is vivid and convincing, which is easy to be understood and accepted by people.

The day when two children argued;

Confucius traveled to the East and saw two children arguing on the way. Ask them what they are arguing about.

A child said, "I think the sun is close to people when it first comes out, and far away from people at noon." Another child thinks that the sun is far away from people when it first comes out and close to people at noon.

The previous child said, "When the sun first came out, it was as big as the roof of a car. At noon, it was as small as the mouth of a plate and bowl. Isn't this just looking small from a distance and looking big from a distance? "

Another child said, "It's cool as soon as the sun comes out, and it's hot when you put your hand into hot water at noon. It's not hot when it's near, and it's not cold when it's far away? "

Hearing this, Confucius could not judge who was right and wrong. The two children smiled and said, "Who said you were so smart?"

The second one is right.

Ignore the revolution of the earth and only consider the rotation. From the center of the sun to a fixed point on the surface of the earth, it must be a long distance in the morning and a short distance at noon. It's just that the change of this distance is not enough to make it hot at noon and cool in the morning. The heat at noon and the coolness in the morning are all caused by the incident angle of the sun, which is not the truth that "two children argue for a day".

This article is an allegorical story. The article describes that in ancient times, two children relied on their own intuition. One thinks that the sun is close to people in the morning, and the other thinks that the sun is close to people at noon. For this reason, they hold their own opinions and argue endlessly, even a knowledgeable person like Confucius can't make a judgment. This story shows that in order to understand nature and explore objective truth, we must dare to think independently and question boldly; It also shows that the universe is infinite and knowledge is infinite. Even the most knowledgeable people will know something and learn endlessly.

This story can be understood in three parts. Write the argument between Confucius and Lu Yu first, and point out the time, place, characters and reasons of the story. Two children put forward two completely different views on how far the sun is from the earth at different times. Then write about two children who use the intuition (vision and touch) that people can experience in their daily lives to clarify their views in order to refute each other's views. Finally, I wrote that the argument between Confucius and the two children was inconclusive, which led them to "laugh". The full text is only a hundred words, but it can give people a lot of inspiration. It is the characteristic of language expression to express characters and unfold stories through dialogue description, which shows the innocence and loveliness of two children and Confucius' scientific attitude of being modest and seeking truth from facts.

The main purpose of writing this article is to let students understand the language characteristics of ancient Chinese, and at the same time realize that knowledge is endless and learning is endless.

The difference in meaning between ancient and modern times is the difficulty in learning this article. For example, the meaning of "going" in "I want to be close to people when the sun rises" is different from that commonly used in modern times. In addition, there are few words such as "who" and "ru" in modern Chinese, and such words should be understandable by students.

The following translations are for reference only.

Confucius went to the East to study and saw two children arguing on the way. Confucius asked them why they argued.

A child said, "I think the sun is close to people when it first comes out, and far away from people at noon." Another child thinks that the sun is far away from people when it first comes out and close to people at noon.

The previous child said, "The sun was as big as a hood when it first came out, and it was like a bowl at noon. Isn't it far small and near big? "

Another child said, "It's cool as soon as the sun comes out, and it's hot when you put your hand into hot water at noon. Isn't it cool to be near hot and far hot? "

Hearing this, Confucius could not judge who was right and wrong. The two children smiled and said, "Who says you know much?