Hao Sumin's Experience

1950 joined the work, 1955 1 worked as a teaching assistant after graduating from university; Engaged in teaching Mongolian literature. 1960- 1963 Tibetan language learning in Tibetan areas; 1972- 1978, teaching and lecturer of foreign languages department of northwest normal university; 1979- Teaching in Northwest People's College. 1987 65438+ 10 was named professor. Postgraduate tutor in folklore and folk literature; Winner of special allowance of the State Council. He used to be a Chinese assistant and chairman of the Provincial People's Association.

The chairman of the Folklore Society and members of the Federation of Literary and Art Circles attended the Fourth National Cultural Congress. He is the author of Golden Egg, Dawn (the second volume of Mongolian historical novels), Buryat Mongolian Folk Tales, Dongxiang Folk Tales, Dongxiang Baoan Yugur Folk Tales, Willat Mongolian Folk Tales, West Mongolia-Willat Legends, Cultural Perspective: Mongolian Oral Language Folklore, etc. Dongxiang Folk Tales Collection, Dongxiang Baoan Valley Folk Tales Collection, West Mongolia-Willat Legend Tales Collection, Cultural Perspective: Mongolian Oral Language Folklore, etc. As well as other unlisted works, have won awards from China Ministry of Culture, ministries and commissions, and provincial level. Hao Sumin, Hui nationality, professor, doctoral supervisor, was born in Yinchuan, Ningxia, 1935. He is currently the dean of the School of Sociology of Northwest University for Nationalities and the editor-in-chief of Northwest Ethnic Studies. 1954 12 graduated from the Chinese Department of Northwest University for Nationalities, majoring in Mongolian literature. Mainly engaged in folklore, ethnology, Mongolian ancient writing research. 65438-0986, China Academy of Social Sciences, Ministry of Culture and State Ethnic Affairs Commission awarded the honorary certificate of outstanding achievements in epic excavation. 1992 won the certificate of outstanding contribution to the development of higher education in the State Council and enjoyed special government allowance; 1992 advanced individual who has won national unity and progress at the provincial level; 1993 was awarded the National Excellent Teacher Medal and Certificate by the State Education Commission and the Ministry of Personnel.

1950, Hao Sumin, as the first batch of Young Pioneers and Communist Youth League members in New China, was sent to Northwest Institute for Nationalities, the first national institution of higher learning under construction. Four years later, he was detained as a teaching assistant because of his excellent performance and engaged in Mongolian teaching. At that time, he had begun to pay attention to national oral literature and collected long-term land reform folk songs in Gansu and Ningxia. He dared to be the first person, first translating Han folk jokes into Mongolian and publishing them in Inner Mongolia Daily at that time, and then translating Mongolian proverbs into Chinese and serializing them in the People's Daily supplement hosted by Deng Tuo, thus becoming the author of People's Daily, the first newspaper of Northwest Renmin University at that time. Just as this high-spirited young man was full of ambition and ready to make great efforts in the field of northwest ethnic folk literature, an unexpected "movement" involved him in a turbulent undercurrent: at the age of 265,438+0, he became a representative of the "Rightists" and served as a teaching assistant for translating and publishing Buryat folk stories. One after another is the back miner of Baishui Mountain, the bricklayer of campus civil engineering, the carver of steel plate, and the stonemason who blew up the mountain. During the three years of hunger caused by natural disasters, he spent in the reclamation of Ganjia grassland in Gannan, accompanied by thin sheep with hay: his lover was forced to abandon him to find another job to protect his group membership, his widowed mother left him on a cold night because of cancer, and the only relatives and sisters left died tragically in the accident. That terrible time is a memory engraved with blood and tears. Exceeding the limit of labor can't polish the unforgettable pain of no love and no relatives. As the years of spring disappear on the vast grassland, the innocence of the soul appeals to the heavy night. Because from then on, he was an "old athlete" who had to be tested at every stop.

However, even such a situation did not destroy the perseverance and tenacity of the northwest people in his bones: during the gap between his work in Ganjia grassland, he taught himself Tibetan, and during the days of labor reform, he took Tibetan banter songs as his spiritual food; During the "Cultural Revolution", in the desert on the border of China, Mongolia and the Soviet Union, he actually dug up a language feast of "having fun in hardship" from the mouth of the old herdsmen. In the meantime, he published ethnic and folk literature works under various pseudonyms in People's Daily, China Youth Daily, Folk Literature Collection and Folk Literature. 1972, an extremely accidental opportunity, he was transferred to the Foreign Languages Department of Gansu Normal University as a Mongolian professional teacher, bilingual teaching translation methods and linguistics. Since the mid-1950s, he has adhered to his beliefs, with tenacious perseverance and grassland mind, crossed the poverty and pallor of material and spirit, crossed the wasteland and desert of culture and mind, and crawled through the tunnel of this era. He said, the light of hope looms in the haze!

Professor Wang Yiwen, a famous Gesar scholar, was deeply moved by his sufferings in Tibetan areas. 1979, gave him an ancient poem saying: "It is the most bitter to take a salt car and waste talents for twenty years. If you are happy to meet tomorrow, you will take a step forward and spend more than 3,000 a day. "

Due to historical reasons, China colleges and universities have long brought folk literature (folklore) into the teaching of Chinese Department and awarded literature degrees. Folklore has not been able to become a department independently and is in a subsidiary position. At the end of last century, Hao Sumin participated in the establishment of Northwest University for Nationalities. 200 1 The Institute of Social Anthropology and Folklore was established and later expanded into a department (institute). It is the first teaching and service entity of Northwest University for Nationalities, and also the first folklore department in China universities.

The purpose of establishing a perfect discipline system is to cultivate more talents. At present, the School of Social Anthropology and Folklore of Northwest University for Nationalities has basically established a trinity discipline system of sociology, anthropology (ethnology) and folklore, forming a multi-level school-running model of undergraduate, master and doctoral teaching. Through teaching, scientific research has been promoted, and a bumper harvest has been achieved in training students and scientific research practice. As a Hui scholar, Hao Sumin deeply understands the significance of knowledge and talents to a nation. From 199 1, the master students were instructed, and then the doctoral students were trained. Now there are more than 100 people all over the country. He is rigorous in his studies and knowledgeable. His profound academic foundation and humble personality have benefited students a lot, and his simple life and professionalism have impressed them. Hao Sumin often said: "Only teachers who lack skills and students who can never learn can teach useful talents to the country only by carefully cultivating them with professional knowledge and lofty morality." He is very strict with students and academics, but he will never "fall all over"; Or impose disciples with the will of tutors, always respect students' preferences and specialties, discuss academic issues and design thesis schemes with disciples, and let students participate in practical and theoretical research through discussion, so that they can gain something in professional knowledge and scientific research ability, and freely create and develop academic imagination in an interesting and relaxed environment under the correct guidance. In life, he is as amiable as his father. Every holiday, he will personally come to the door to cook for the students who can't go home, improve the students' food, let them feel the warmth of home and forget the loneliness of studying in a foreign land. For more than ten years, most of the doctoral and master students he directed and trained have become the backbone of folklore, ethnology, anthropology, sociology and other fields in China. In addition, he insisted on training the first generation of folklore graduate students for Dongxiang, Tu, Yugur, Baoan, Xibe and other ethnic groups with small populations. His "Education of Love" advocates that people are effective because of practice. When his students became professors and academic leaders one by one, he said happily, "The teacher is a good profession, but it's good to cry every night and set himself on fire."

Explore the study of "non-legacy"

When peaches and plums were everywhere, Hao Sumin was seventy years old. At this age, it is human nature to start enjoying one's old age. And his loyal old prairie horse, dragging his tired and tireless body, is still trudging on the fertile soil of northwest national folk culture. In 2002, the concept of "intangible cultural heritage" came into public view for the first time in China. At that time, many people did not know what "intangible cultural heritage" was. Hao Sumin has begun to study the academic value of intangible cultural heritage, thinking about how to give full play to the role of colleges and universities in protecting and studying intangible cultural heritage, and how to rescue and inherit the intangible cultural heritage resources in China (especially in the West).

Hao Sumin believes that international "intangible heritage" refers to various China folk cultures with a long history for China. It is a maternal culture bred by primitive civilization and rooted in the general public and ethnic groups. Its outstanding parts are mainly those elements that are valuable to human survival, social progress, cultural upgrading and scientific development, and those folk cultures that are "beneficial to the people of the world" as the old saying goes. Under the background of global economic integration in 2 1 century, China is experiencing an important transition period in history, and the traditional folk culture that has been passed down from mouth to mouth for thousands of years is facing rapid changes and disappearance. Facing the gradual decline and endangerment of national folk culture in recent years, he felt both sad and responsible. How China's universities and current education system play their educational functions in investigating, excavating, researching, protecting and integrating folk cultural resources and cultural inheritance and innovation, so as to promote multicultural interaction and curb cultural hegemony in globalization, is an arduous and unavoidable major issue facing China's education sector. As a place where human culture spreads, universities should advocate more open, equal, democratic and full of world cultural integration, competition and innovation. Cultural diversity of universal education in knowledge dissemination system: strengthening the genetic cognitive consciousness of local culture; Pay attention to the enlightenment education of national culture. The richness and cultural value of local intangible cultural heritage should be reflected in the current educational knowledge system of colleges and universities, and the inheritance education of "intangible cultural heritage" in colleges and universities should also be implemented in discipline innovation, curriculum and teaching material reform and Scientific Outlook on Development's practice and exploration. Under the guidance of this thought, he took the lead in setting up new courses such as "oral theory and oral poetics" and "protection and research of intangible cultural heritage" among master students and doctoral students. At the same time, under the guidance of Professor Fei Xiaotong, he actively participated in the major project of the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Culture, "Northwest Ethnic Folklore Database", and United and guided young experts from five provinces to complete the results of nearly 20 million words and more than 2,000 images. In the teaching method of combining theory with practice, graduate students can not only get the cutting-edge information of international intangible cultural heritage protection and research in time, but also ask them to go deep into the people and participate in the investigation and protection of intangible cultural heritage through field investigation, so as to cultivate senior professionals for the protection and research of intangible cultural heritage in China.

Huan County, Gansu Province, located in the border area, is a national poverty-stricken county. The geographical location is far away, and the shadow play is relatively intact there. In order to make this folk art treasure known and understood by more people, thus attracting the attention of relevant parties and obtaining more effective protection, Hao Sumin rushed to Huan County several times to inspect the living conditions of shadow play, discuss protection schemes with relevant government leaders and explore scientific protection methods. He also went to Beijing many times to report to the cultural department on the protection of shadow play in Huan County. Even when studying and giving lectures abroad, he did not forget to bring the shadow play to Huan County and introduce it to his foreign counterparts. Under the guidance of experts, mainly Hao Sumin, and with the joint efforts of the county party committee, the county government and grassroots cultural workers, the protection and inheritance of the shadow play in Huan County has finally achieved initial results. From June 5th to1October, 2006, "National Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Site Meeting" was held in Huan County. Zhou Heping, Vice Minister of Culture, provincial cultural directors, experts and professors gathered together to analyze and study the protection experience of shadow play in Huanxian county, and to promote the work in Huanxian county as a demonstration of the protection of "intangible heritage" in various provinces. Hao Sumin did not stop because of such outstanding achievements, but continued to make suggestions for the protection and research development of shadow play in Huan County, and sent masters and doctors to Huan County to conduct more in-depth and detailed investigations, records and special studies. He summed it up and wrote a paper "What Information does the practice of Huanxian bring to us" with doctoral students in time. He pointed out that we must begin to explore a practical system to protect China's "intangible cultural heritage".

Northwest China is the birthplace of ancient civilization in China, and it is also one of the ethnic minority areas. All ethnic groups have created rich and splendid cultures with strong national and regional characteristics. She is not only a part of the whole Chinese civilization, but also an outstanding representative of human spiritual creation. There are many cultural heritages to be explored, protected and studied. Hao Sumin hopes that he has three heads and six arms, and also hopes that time can go back to 20 years, so that he can have more time and energy to complete this cause. However, the lost years are hard to recover, and the weakening body is no longer strong. Only by cultivating more new people can we inherit our career. He often said to his students: "The road of life is bumpy, with natural mountains and ravines, and it is normal for life to rise and fall." Therefore, you don't have to be discouraged by a temporary loss, and you don't have to forget the north in cheers. " Plain writing is a portrayal of the life of this forever admired old gentleman. We seem to see the deep footprints left by his trek in the northwest, and see his strong back reflected by the sunset.