Why Switzerland always remains neutral.

Refers to a neutral country that is between two opposing political forces, does not take sides, does not participate in war, and obtains legal status. Neutral countries are generally divided into wartime neutral countries and permanent neutral countries. Neutral countries in wartime are also called "neutral countries outside the bureau"; A permanently neutral country refers to a country that must permanently pursue a neutral policy in both peacetime and wartime. After China declared its neutrality, it should not only maintain an impartial attitude towards the belligerents, but also not provide any aid directly or indirectly related to the war to any belligerent.

Remember: Switzerland is the only permanently neutral country recognized by international law. Please refer to various international law textbooks.

For example, the treaty on Switzerland's permanent neutrality is based on the Vienna Declaration of 18 15, and Switzerland became the first permanent neutral country in Europe. Subsequently, Belgium and Luxembourg became permanent neutrals according to the London Treaty of 183 1 and the London Treaty of 1867 respectively. However, the permanent neutrality of the two countries was destroyed by the German invasion in World War I and abolished by the Treaty of Versailles of 19 19. According to the federal regulation adopted in 1955, Austria declared its permanent neutrality. The Soviet Union, the United States, Britain and France made commitments and guarantees to the territorial integrity and inviolability of Austria in the way of Switzerland. Others, there are neutral clauses stipulated in bilateral treaties and multilateral treaties, such as 1902 the first alliance treaty between Britain and Japan; 1882 treaty of alliance between Germany, Austria and Italy and 1926 treaty of neutrality and non-aggression between the Soviet union and Germany.

Permanent neutral country-Switzerland Xinhua Switzerland Federation covers an area of 465,438+0,284 square kilometers and is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Switzerland ... 18 15, Vienna conference confirmed Switzerland as a permanent neutral country. 1848, Switzerland formulated a new constitution, established the Federal Council, and became a unified federal country. As early as the16th century, Switzerland was defeated in the Swiss-French War, and deeply realized that as a small mountainous country, it could not dominate Europe, and it had a "neutral" thought of looking inward and not interfering in other countries' affairs. /kloc-in the middle of the 0/7th century, Switzerland officially announced; Peace-loving Swiss will not intervene in any political and military conflicts between European countries in the future and remain permanently neutral. 18 15 the European powers recognized Switzerland's permanent neutrality at the Vienna conference, which enabled this small country, which is located in the right and wrong place of Central Europe, to avoid the war that spread to Europe and the catastrophe of two world wars, thus achieving steady economic growth, constantly improving people's living standards and becoming one of the richest countries in the world. Therefore, Switzerland cherishes and maintains its neutrality and refuses to join a political group easily. People all over the world know that Switzerland is a "permanently neutral country". Since ancient times, Europe has been a place where the law of the jungle and wars continue. In particular, most European countries were involved in the two world wars, and only small Switzerland can safely stay out of the war and fully enjoy the benefits of "permanent neutrality".

"Permanent neutrality" is the basic national policy of Switzerland. This policy began in the17th century. From 16 18 to 1848, a religious reform called "Thirty Years' War" broke out in the European continent. Switzerland is an important place for European religious reform, and Calvin and other famous European religious reformers are mainly active in Switzerland. Despite this, Switzerland was able to stay out of the war and fully enjoy it, because at that time, Swiss States reached a consensus that Switzerland would not intervene in the war, "neutral" any party, and certainly would not oppose any party. The war lasted for 30 years, killing only the European faction, but Switzerland was peaceful. Therefore, European princes, nobles, rich celebrities and so on have fled here to avoid the disaster of war, but also brought a lot of money, advanced culture and technology, which also confirmed Switzerland's first taste of the "neutral" policy. This is the origin of Swiss neutrality policy.

Switzerland's choice reflects the helplessness of a small country. Imagine that if Switzerland, a weak country, is sandwiched between several European powers, such as Germany, France, Italy and Austria, if we want to solve disputes with other countries by force, it is tantamount to throwing eggs at stones, and we are in danger of being eaten carelessly. Therefore, Switzerland must be neutral and in the cracks of the great powers in order to survive.

Of course, Switzerland can be "neutral", and the acquiescence of European powers, especially neighboring Germany, France, Italy and Austria, should be a necessary prerequisite. So why did the European powers acquiesce in the existence of a "neutral" Switzerland? In the final analysis, it is also the need of interests. There have been frequent wars in Europe in history, but wars are only a means rather than an end for anyone. No matter how big the war is, it will always end. To end the war, we need to negotiate. To negotiate, we need a platform and a matchmaker ... and all this really needs a "neutral" third party to undertake. Switzerland is located in the center of Europe, and its neutrality policy just meets the needs of European powers. So in 18 15, the European powers defeated Napoleon and held the Vienna Conference. At the meeting, European countries recognized Switzerland's "permanent neutrality" status and promised to guarantee the inviolability of Swiss territory.

For Switzerland, "permanent neutrality" is indeed a brilliant national policy. On the one hand, let yourself stay away from right and wrong and avoid war. At the same time, it can attract European craftsmen and wealthy businessmen with its "Xanadu" attraction and promote the development of Swiss economy. Swiss watches, banks and other industries have developed in this way. On the other hand, the national policy of "permanent neutrality" has also made Switzerland, a humble small country, a world-renowned and respected country. Switzerland, a small country with few people, plays an important role in international affairs, no less than a big country. Moreover, the force it uses is neither force nor power, but peace and justice.

Although the national policy of "neutrality" is good, it needs Swiss caution when it is actually implemented, which is a test of wisdom for Swiss politicians and diplomats. Europe is originally an eventful place and the birthplace of two world wars, which requires Switzerland to stay out of all kinds of conflicts of interest and group contests on the earth from the day it established its status as a "neutral country" and avoid being involved in any political and military struggle. Because of "neutrality", Switzerland must pursue a peaceful foreign policy in diplomacy and has no other choice. At the same time, Switzerland also regards serving world peace as an important means to implement the national policy of "neutrality". It is willing to provide services to all countries involved in wars and conflicts, including providing negotiation venues, acting as mediators and monitoring ceasefires. More and more familiar words such as "Geneva negotiations" have made Switzerland synonymous with the hope of world peace. "Neutrality" also makes many international organizations willing to set their headquarters in Switzerland, thus making Switzerland a "world capital". Walking in various cities in Switzerland, you can often see the plaques of the headquarters of various world organizations. At present, the headquarters of major international organizations in Switzerland are: the United Nations European Headquarters in Geneva, the International Red Cross in Zurich and the International Olympic Committee in Lausanne ... Seeing this, people from all over the world will always be grateful and admired for Switzerland, a peaceful country.

Swiss ancestors may have chosen "neutrality" out of helplessness, but now they have brought so many benefits and honors to Switzerland, which they did not expect. Switzerland's status as a permanent neutral country began at the Vienna Conference in 18 15, and was reconfirmed in the Treaty of Versailles in 19 19 after World War I.. Looking back at history, "neutrality" has brought great benefits to the Swiss, which is an important foundation for Switzerland's long-term peace and development into one of the richest countries in the world.

Although it is an internationally recognized neutral country, it does not mean anything, nor does it mean that it has the right not to participate in the war.

Belgium used to be a neutral country, but it was still a neutral country after the invasion of fascist Germany.

A Swiss diplomat commented: "Swiss citizens are citizens when they step on their right foot, and soldiers when they step on their left foot. If you want to ask why there has been no war in the past 200 years, the main reason is that we are always ready to fight. "

The service period of Swiss men ranges from 20 to 50. Switzerland usually only keeps 3,500 professional soldiers in China, but if necessary, it can mobilize more than 350,000 officially trained army and air force militia units within 48 hours.