Queen Wen Ding-a strong woman who stirred up the situation of the dynasty, and a legendary woman who led big princess to listen to politics.

In the long history of the Korean dynasty, if the era of Yan Shanjun and Guang Hai Jun is counted, 40 princesses have been born in the Korean court, and many of them have left a strong impression in the history books. These women created their own world in the hierarchical feudal society, not only lived a wonderful life, but also captured the hearts of men and became the earliest feminists in the old society. However, one of the 40 princesses has been controversial in later generations, and even Korean historians have different views on her. Why? On the one hand, with her own efforts and extraordinary talents, she successfully kicked her political opponents out of the power center and then took charge of the power of the Korean dynasty for 20 years, which was known as the "essence of small benevolence"; On the other hand, she excessively believed in Buddhism, forcibly interfered in the king's government affairs, and helped a cheap woman to be redeemed regardless of feudal ethics, which led to chaos in Korea and Taiwan, fierce party struggles and poor people. This woman is Yincui gorge of Zhongzong, the biological mother of Li Yi, and the strongest patron of Zheng Lanzhen, one of the "three witches of North Korea"-Wen Ding Queen Yin.

With the popularity of SBS TV series "Women in the World" in 20065438+0 and MBC TV series "Dae Jang Geum" in 2003, Wending Queen Yin once again entered people's field of vision, attracted more and more attention from the world, and her popularity soared. So, how did she realize her dream of becoming a mother instrument from a civilian? How many stories have happened between her and Zheng Lanzhen? Why do many experts and scholars still label her as a "powerful bitch"? In this issue, the author promises to deeply analyze the past life, Queen Wen Ding, and combine authoritative historical materials "Record of the Korean Dynasty" and "Record of Burning Love" to lead everyone to know this powerful woman who fiddled with the situation of the dynasty and lead everyone to unveil the legendary woman of big princess.

According to Li Kenyi's Biography of Zhong Zong Chao, Empress Yin was born on October 22nd in the 14th year of Hongzhi (A.D. 150 1), and her ancestral home was Poping County, Gyeonggi Province. Her father is an official of Dunning House and Yin Zhiren, the monarch of Poshan House, and her mother is the daughter of Li Dechong, the senior director of the suggestion department. Yin's birth did not bring much happiness to this family, but added a trace of distress. Because Yin Zhiren was not a high-ranking official at this time, on the contrary, he was just a small official, having served as a grass-roots official such as a standard shipping company. Low official position means that the salary income will not be too high, and the quality of life of a family will be greatly reduced. Although Yin Zhiren was born in the famous Yin family in Poping, he was one of the best aristocratic families in Korean society at that time. However, due to the family reproduction and population prosperity, some people were doomed to mix well and others did not mix well. Unfortunately, Yin Zhiren became a typical representative of poor families. Yin Zhiren has been bullied by others in the family because of his humble words, so that the news of family discord reached the ears of the Korean monarch and ministers and became a gossip that everyone must talk about in private.

Maybe it's the negative influence of the growing environment. Yin has developed a strong and shrewd personality quality since childhood, and dares to refute all unreasonable behaviors positively. It is said that at his mother Li's funeral, Yin's brothers ignored their family's sadness and played with hippies. When Yin saw this scene, he was so sad and angry that he shouted directly in front of everyone: "Brother, how dare you laugh?" It means what happy things have happened to you? Let the other person smile in one sentence, which is enough to prove Yin's maturity and tenacity. The frustration of his father, the early death of his mother and the decline of his family became bitter memories of Yin's early years. Maybe God intends to test the poor little girl. With such emotions, Yin spent her childhood and successfully grew into a slim girl.

Undeniably, if the plot follows this trend, Yin will probably choose to marry a senior official and live a normal life with children. However, fate did not let her get what she wanted, but opened another window for her. On the evening of September 1st, the year of Zheng Deyuan (AD 1506), accompanied by numerous howls, Liu Shunting, the unbearable judge of Cao, gathered Cheng Xiyan, Park, Zhang Qian, Park Yongwen, Xin, Hong Jingzhou and others to command the rebel army to launch a coup brazenly and successfully overthrow the tyrant Yanshan? The fatuous rule, and then the second son of Li Yi, the king of Chengzong, Li Zhou, acceded to the throne. This is for the middle school of Korea, and it is called the middle school in history anyway.

The downfall of the Yanshan Army was an important turning point in the early development of the Korean dynasty and the beginning of the decline of monarchical power. Li Zhou, the middle emperor, was weak and lacked enough courage and boldness to suppress the ruling and opposition parties. Since he ascended the throne, he has been oppressed by meritorious service groups. Because both the original match of Zhongzong and the end worship of Empress Shen Shi came from a traitor's family, Cheng Xiyan, Park Yuanzong and others felt that there was a thorn in their back. Anyway, just a week after the coup, they called a group of ministers to write to Zhongzong, strongly demanding that Zhonggong be deposed and driven out of Gyeongbokgung Palace. Zhongzong was very dissatisfied with the arrogance of the meritorious service group, but he was afraid to offend the other side publicly. Finally, he had to accept the ministers' suggestions, and carried Shen Shi out of the Chunmen of Jingfu Palace in a sedan chair, and let her stay at the home of Zheng Xianzu, the Taiwei of Hecheng, and the husband and wife lived far apart.

After Shen was driven away, the position of the middle palace was vacant, and who to choose to continue as a princess became the focus of debate between the ruling and opposition parties. In order to control the state affairs, members of the meritorious service group recommended their women to the palace in succession, in an attempt to insert eyeliner around Zhongzong, thus expanding their influence. Under the pressure of the situation, on August 4th, 2007 (AD 1507), Zhongzong once again chose to compromise and canonized Yin (brother-in-law of Park Yuan-zong) as Princess Koryo, and made her the queen, which was the third woman in the Yin family in Poping to be crowned Princess Koryo (1 for the world).

Yin Shi, the queen of Zhang Jing, entered the palace for 8 years and gave birth to Li Bi, the eldest son of Zhongzong, on February 25th in the tenth year of Zhengde (A.D. 15 15). Later, she died of gynecological diseases at the age of 25. The death of Queen Zhang Jing once again pushed the Korean dynasty to the forefront and completely ignited the fuse of party struggle between the ruling and opposition parties. The ministers of the Shilin School believed that it was reasonable for the imperial court to welcome the abandoned princess back to the palace when she applied for the post, since Queen Zhang Jing had passed away. However, Schoenberg ministers strongly opposed it. They regarded Shen's return to the palace as the beginning of the literati party's counterattack, so they resolutely disagreed with Shen's return to the palace. In the long run, the smell of gunpowder between the two sides became stronger and stronger, making the whole Wang Ting chicken fly a dog to jump. The exhausted Zhongzong was unable to solve the contradiction between the two factions, so he could only watch the situation develop coldly.

Rumors of unrest in the court inevitably spread to the harem, which worried Li Zhou's mother, Cishun Fei Da (Queen Xian Zhen), the mother of Zhongzong, because she didn't want to see more disobedience. Who should inherit the princess? Princess Cishun thought about it for a long time, and it was quite a headache. If you continue to choose people from the meritorious service group to enter the palace, your son's future situation will be even more difficult; If you don't choose the people from Gongxiao Group to enter the palace and focus on the young women of the other two kinds of nobles, it will easily lead to their hatred of the royal family. No one can guarantee that Yuan Zong and his party will not stage another coup. At last, Princess Cishun took a fancy to Yin Zhiren's classmate daughter. Why did you choose her? Princess Cishun's decision has two main meanings: First, Yin Zhiren's daughter belongs to the same clan of Poping, which will not cause too much doubt and controversy in the meritorious group. After all, the late Queen Zhang Jing was also born in Boping, and many people in the meritorious group came from Boping. Secondly, at present, Yin Zhiren's family background is very shabby and simple, and he has no important people. He wants money and has no money, so he is a small official. He poses little threat to the kingship and is almost harmless to people and animals. It's hard to do something earth-shattering, and his daughter is a perfect candidate. So, in the 12th year (A.D. 15 17), on July 19th, the Chinese Emperor wore a coronation suit and personally came to the Taiping Pavilion with his cavalry (before entering the palace, the princess-to-be would be sent to a designated place to receive the education in the middle palace, which is the rule of the Korean dynasty etiquette) to welcome the new princess Yin into the palace, with the purpose of appointing the queen Yin.

Entering the Palace marks that Yin has officially stepped into the whirlpool of power struggle. She soon found that her life has undergone earth-shaking changes, and it is not as beautiful as expected. The rise of a person is bound to be accompanied by constant exploration and trial and error. Empress Wen Ding's accession to the throne instantly made her the focus of attention of the ruling and opposition parties, especially the members of the Shizi School, such as Yin Ren, Yin and Jin, who were very worried that Yin would give birth to a son, thus threatening the status of Shizi Li Bi. At this time, Queen Wending is walking on the blade. One wrong step and you're doomed. It's not too long before the end of the ruined princess Shenyang, and everyone is ready to see her jokes. The personality cultivated in the early years has played a huge role at this moment, and the next behavior of Queen Wen will completely subvert the contempt of the ruling and opposition officials for her.

Through the textual research and analysis of A Record of Emperor Zhongzong Gongnuo, it is not difficult to find that Queen Wen Ding is a visionary woman, which was known from the moment she entered the palace. Although Queen Wen Ding married into the royal family at the age of 16, her mind did not match her young appearance at all, and she soon saw her own disadvantages after entering the palace. First of all, she has no backer in the court. Even if her biological father, Yin Zhiren, was granted all the posts in Dunning House, this post was only equivalent to an honorary official position. Anyone who has a daughter as a princess will hold this position, so it is not a core identity, let alone helping her daughter. Moreover, Yin Zhiren was often criticized by the government after that, and was once accused of being a "rapist". It was already a clay idol crossing the river, which was unsustainable. Secondly, Queen Wen Ding is nominally the head of the palace, but in fact it is her mother-in-law who is in charge of the harem. You know, the decision-maker who makes the final decision on the candidates for the palace is Cishun Fei Da himself. Since she can help Yin Shi in the right position, she naturally has the ability to kick her down, so Cishun must not offend Fei Da. Empress Wending doesn't want to repeat the mistake of Yan Shanjun's mother abandoning Yin Shi. And Wending's status as a princess has made many people jealous, especially those concubines who have given birth to a prince in the harem, such as Ai Jingpu's, Yi Shu Hongshi's and Xi Aihong's. Everyone is expecting Wen Ding to make a fool of himself and change himself. It can be said that Queen Wen Ding got off to a bad start. No one can rely on her father or relatives, but she can only rely on herself. Therefore, Queen Wen Ding began a long and thrilling power struggle.

The first step taken by Queen Wending was to hide her strength and hold tightly the umbrellas of Wang Shizi and Li Bi. In fact, in a strict sense, the relationship between Li Zhou and Queen Wending is very general, not as deep as that depicted in the film and television drama. The reason is that this is a side effect of political marriage. How many marriages are sincere under the influence of parents' orders and matchmakers' words? Therefore, Zhongzong married Queen Wending, saying that the offensive point is to complete political tasks and find a stepmother for his son. Empress Wending also knows the truth, so after she took the position of princess, she shouldered the heavy responsibility of taking care of her young son, and the records of Zhongzong clearly recorded their true feelings: "When Renmiao was Zi Yuan, she was diligent in raising and gave birth to too many children." It is worth mentioning that the affection between Queen Wen Ding and the Prince also prompted the members of the Prince School to let down their guard against her, which laid a solid foundation for her to eliminate political enemies in the future. While taking care of the prince, Queen Wending did not forget to be filial to her daughter-in-law. She is considerate, virtuous and capable to her mother-in-law, and left a good impression on her mother-in-law. The old man often smiles and praises Queen Wending as a rare good woman. Even if she drives a crane to the west, she is at ease. She gradually handed over the harem power to herself, and Queen Wending earned the first bucket of gold in her life.

After being favored by Wang Shizi, Li Bi and Cishun, Queen Wen Ding immediately took the second step, secretly cultivating power and establishing a new power group. Queen Wen Ding, who has read many poems, knows very well that political struggle is not allowed to be fought alone, and she must be supported by a whole set of logistics teams. At this time, Yin, the younger brother of Empress Wending, was awarded an official position in the Spring and Autumn Period and began to enter the bureaucracy of North Korea. Therefore, Yin, who is the most capable and ambitious, rallied her brothers, Yin, Yin's elders, Yin and others under the secret support and inspiration of the Queen, and formed the initial leadership team of the Queen, which provided her with strong support in the ruling and opposition. Some readers may ask, isn't Yin the younger brother of Queen Wending? The answer is no, in fact, Yin is not the Queen's younger brother. This is a misinformation from a domestic platform and an author. The evidence comes from two places: First, the Great Guards told the Ming King on August 17th, the forty-fourth year of Jiajing (AD 1565), during which they mentioned the punishment of Yin, and the Ming Dynasty took "Ran" as an example. To reject Zheng's proposal, this is the most powerful evidence, and it is impossible for a nephew to admit his uncle's identity; Secondly, after Yin Zhiren died on April 14th in the 13th year of Jiajing (A.D. 1534), the North Korean historian recorded in the Record of Zhongzong that "Ren has five sons, balanced seasons, being a notebook, being gentle, courteous and frugal". Obviously, Yin is the youngest son in the family. According to the ranking of "Ji Shu", "Ji" is the title of the youngest son of the ancients, so it can be judged that Yin's birth time will not be before Wending Queen, so you should remember clearly!

When both inside and outside the imperial court were cultivating their own power, Queen Wen Ding took the third step, that is, not intervening in party disputes, provoking internal contradictions between the meritorious group (the old school) and the members of the Shizi school, and enjoying the benefits of fishermen. After entering the palace, Queen Wending has always had a bad feeling towards the Jiangong Group and the Prince School, because she knows very well that the other side has great power to create the world, and it is also an old political enemy that she had to get rid of on the road to power. Later, the disaster made Queen Wending realize the terrible place of Jiangong Group. The disaster of Jimao Scholar is one of the "Four Scholar Disasters" in the Korean Dynasty (Scholar Disaster in Wuwu+Scholar Disaster in Jiazi+Scholar Disaster in Jimao+Scholar Disaster in Yisi), and it is also a landmark event of fierce party struggle in the Korean court. To sum up, the cause of the scholar-bureaucrat disaster is a passage. Zhao Guangzu, the leader of the scholar-bureaucrat school, hoped to crush the meritorious group through political reform. As a result, the scholar-bureaucrat school was devastated because a leaf that said "Let Xiao be king" was overturned, and Zhao Guangzu himself died. In this incident, the vicious and precise means of Gong Xiao Group left a deep impression on Queen Wen Ding. Nan Zhou was able to accurately grasp that Zhongzong was afraid that someone would seize power. From his courtyard at the back of Gyeongbokgung Palace, he floated down the river with leaves written with the word "reverse", and predicted in advance that someone would pick them in the palace. It can be seen that the meritorious service group knew all about palace affairs, and it was really small-scale operations. Although the violent shock brought by Jimao disaster to the ruling and opposition parties also affected some officials of their own power, Queen Wen Ding never got involved in this muddy water, but continued to stay out of it and calmly searched for the enemy's weaknesses. At the same time, through this bloody incident, Queen Wending discovered that the members of the Meritorious Group and the Shizi School were not monolithic. After the Shilin faction stepped down, the interest disputes between them were inevitable, which was a good time to add fuel to the fire.

Soon, the opportunity that Queen Wen Ding had been waiting for came. In the sixth year of Jiajing (A.D. 1527), on the first day of March, someone hung a burning mouse with its limbs and nose cut off from the eaves of the main hall of the East Palace, which immediately aroused strong repercussions in the court. This was clearly a curse on the Prince. Li Zhou, the emperor in the middle, was also very angry and specially ordered to investigate the case. The rat burning incident is a famous unsolved case in the history of the Korean dynasty, in which the characters and events involved are vague and it is difficult for future generations to distinguish the truth of the matter. But in the view of Queen Wending, this is a good opportunity to provoke internal contradictions among political enemies. She learned from Liu Pu's wife, then the capital of the capital, that Jingkun Park had organized a witchcraft incident (officially), so she supported the Shizi School and Zhongzong to point the finger at Jingkun Park and Fucheng Lijun Ma. As a result, the Park family was abolished, Fu Cheng's Lan was deprived of knighthood, the mother and son were exiled, and all relevant personnel were punished. After this rat-burning transformation, the strength of the meritorious service group in the imperial court was greatly hit. With the help of the Prince Sect, Queen Wen Ding eradicated the threat of the meritorious group, and then she turned her gun to prepare for the final enemy-the Prince Sect.

On May 22nd, 13th year of Jiajing, Queen Wending gave birth to Li Jiao, the grand monarch of Qingyuan, the only son of her and Zhongzong in Jingfu Palace. The news of Di Zi's birth immediately spread throughout Hanyang City, making Yin Ren and Jin 'an old man fidgety. The reason why the Prince School has never attacked the Wending Queen, but is willing to attack the meritorious group with all its strength in the rat-burning, is that apart from Wending Queen's responsibility to take care of the Prince, the birth of a childless son is the most critical factor. From the 16th year of Zheng De (A.D. 152 1) to the 9th year of Jiajing (A.D. 1530), Queen Wen Ding successively gave birth to three princesses, namely Princess Yi Hui, Princess Filial Piety and Princess Jingxian, but there was no news of giving birth to a son, which made the people of the Shizi school feel very relieved, because they understood that as long as the feet of Zhongzong were stretched out. Now, however, Queen Wen Ding has given birth to her first son, which is a big problem. What's more, the "school" headed by Yin and Yin gradually came from behind and began to confront the Prince School. Seeing that the ducks are about to fly away, the prince faction headed by Yin Ren and Jin began to brew a conspiracy in an attempt to erase the mother and son of Pai and Wending from Jingfu Palace.

The political activities of the Prince School cannot escape the eyes of Queen Wen Ding. She learned from Zheng Lanzhen, her younger brother's concubine, that Yin Ren and others had abnormal whereabouts and seemed to be plotting something. If you keep breaking, it will be chaotic. First attack is strong, and then attack will suffer. Queen Wen Ding aimed at the core figure, Jin An Lao, as the breakthrough to disintegrate the Prince School. There is an old saying in China: "One mountain can't accommodate two tigers", which means that one mountain can't accommodate two tigers. It is used to describe that there is no peace between the strong. There is no doubt that Yin Ren's influence in the Prince School is enormous, because he is the brother of the late Queen Zhang Jing and now the uncle of Wang Shizi Li Bi, and his status is beyond doubt. But Jin An-lao is not related to Yin people. He won the appreciation of Zhongzong by opportunistic means, so he chose to join the Shizi School. According to Records of Zhongzong and Burning Eyebrows, Jin 'an has always been an ambitious man, who likes to spread around under the banner of "protecting the East Palace", making him the only person in the world to protect the prince, which makes Yin Ren very disgusted. Later, in "The Change of Burning Rats", Jin Anlao directly threw off Yin Ren's existence, brought down his political opponent Take sichuan jun Shen Zhen, further enhanced Yin Ren's vigilance against him, and the relationship between the two sides also fell to freezing point.

It is the most effective way of political struggle in past dynasties. In the 16th year of Jiajing (AD 1537), Jin Anlao was arrested and tried for treason, and was soon ordered to be executed by Zhongzong. Empress Wen Ding played a vital role in the sudden downfall of Jin An-lao. Because the friction between Jin and Yin people escalated before, Jin was caught by the banned government. Yin Ren chose to preserve his sanity, reached a united front with Queen Wen Ding, and let his former allies get rid of political enemies. Although the feeling of monopolizing power is sweet, Yin Ren has forgotten the truth that "his lips are dead and his teeth are cold" and is about to follow in the footsteps of his allies. In the 23rd year of Jiajing (AD 1544), Li Zhou, the 39-year-old emperor of Zhongzong, died at the age of 57. Li Mi, the king of Renzong, became the first 12 monarch of the Korean dynasty and was named King and Cixi. Injong's accession to the throne sounded the assembly number of Queen Wen Ding's general attack on the Prince.

After Injong ascended the throne, Yin Rencheng became the only political support for him to control Wang Ting, so he was quickly promoted to criminal judge, responsible for assisting in the management of state affairs. My nephew is king, and naturally he is an uncle. Yin people are really happy. However, Yin Ren's VIP service hasn't expired yet, and Ren Zong, who took office less than one year, died at the age of 30. Renzong's sudden departure has always caused heated discussion among future generations. Many people think that Queen Wen Ding poisoned him, and the evidence comes from a filial piety record of Renzong Wang. On June 18 that year, Injong came to Jingsi Temple to attend a tea party hosted by Queen Wen Ding, during which he ate a lot of snacks. Queen Wen Ding also happily gave drivers many things. But three days later in the evening, Injong suddenly became ill and his face was sallow, so he urgently ordered the pharmacy to take medicine to boil. Everything has a gradual development process. Why did Injong get sick early and later, and went to cure a disease after the tea party? Moreover, compared with the previous literature, Renzong's physique has been very good, and there are few serious illnesses, and such sudden diseases are not recorded. In any case, the country can't be without a monarch for a day, and the candidates should be pushed quickly. According to Injong's testamentary edict, Li Jiao, Qingyuan's half-brother, succeeded to the throne for the sake of King Mingzong and Queen Wen Ding, and listened to politics on the grounds that the monarch was young, which opened the rule of Fei Da for 20 years.

The death of Injong marks that Yin Da School has lost its greatest weight in the struggle between power and potential. At this point, Yin Ren, who has become a one-man army, can no longer play any role. Sure enough, shortly after Emperor Mingzong ascended the throne, Queen Wen Ding suddenly came to the gate of Jingfu Palace to meet Yin Ren, who was reprimanded for being "gifted outside and not good at Oriental language". Subsequently, Yin Ren, who was detained for plotting a rebellion, was quickly arrested. Finally, people who were in power for a period of time were executed under a series of vicious blows by Queen Wending and Yin Yuanheng, and the forces of Yin Da collapsed. At this point, the palace forces that once threatened Queen Wen Ding were all eliminated, and the little silver faction completely controlled the situation, and there was no strong hand to compete with it. The whole Korean dynasty has been ruled by Queen Wen Ding and Aquarius Yin. Empress Wen Ding spent 28 years, as a weak woman, dealing with various forces, starting from scratch, forbearing grief, but unexpectedly becoming the biggest winner who laughs last, which is really admirable!

After the collapse of Yin Da School, Queen Wen Ding ushered in a glorious old age. This period is also a period when North Korean historians are very critical of her. On the one hand, the little silver faction controls state affairs. Even after Mingzong's rule, Queen Wen Ding still interfered with her son's decision, which led to chaos in state affairs. On the other hand, Queen Wen Ding's mind became more and more frivolous with the victory of the struggle. She not only believed in Zheng Lanzhen, a witch, but also believed in Puyu, a demon monk, who set off a large-scale Buddhist movement throughout the country and greatly consumed the money of the state treasury.

However, as the saying goes, "Share weal and woe", the world-famous Queen Wen Ding didn't care about the comments from outside, and she began to repay those comrades who helped her. Needless to say, Yin was not only promoted to be a positive product, but also given the title of Ruiyuan House, and his power expanded rapidly. In addition, Zheng Lanzhen, Yin's concubine, made great achievements in the whole political struggle, making suggestions for Wending Queen and Yin. So, the queen issued a imperial edict, announcing that Zheng Lanzhen got rid of the untouchable status, agreed to Yin's decision to divorce Yuan Jin, recognized Zheng Lanzhen's continued position as the general affairs office, and awarded her wife a title. The relationship between Zheng Lanzhen and Empress Wen Ding is a story talked about by hundreds of people in later generations, and the Korean SBS TV series "Women in the World" has shaped her into a woman who plays with power. However, film and television dramas are, after all, mixed with artistic processing. In reality, Zheng Lanzhen did not have the ability to go underground, but she dared to challenge feudal ethics, keenly seized an opportunity, and successfully got rid of her humble position. She was a special case in the history of the whole Korean dynasty and was a unique figure.

In the forty-fourth year of Jiajing (A.D. 1565), Yin Shi, a powerful woman who played tricks on the dynasty, died at the Zhaode Hall in Changde Palace at the age of 64 and was buried in Tailing, Gyeonggi Province, thus ending a generation of legendary women. The Biography of the Queen of Literature can be said to be a survival guide for court women, and it can also be said to be "a masterpiece of female larded studies". In the ruthless court struggle, the Queen Wen relied on her own efforts to accurately locate her strengths and weaknesses, and chose the opportunity to bear it, making the impossible possible. Her success is worth learning and learning from.

refer to

1. Record of Korean Dynasty: Record of Zhongzong Gongnuo King.

2. The Story of Chenopodium album: Big and Small Yin Fighting for Power.

3. A record of the Korean dynasty, a record of the filial piety of Emperor Injong.

4. "A Record of the Korean Dynasty, A Record of Prince Gong of Mingzong"

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