What was the biggest local war during the Cold War?

Korean War, Vietnam War against France, two India-Pakistan Wars, Cuban Missile Crisis, Third Middle East War, American invasion of Vietnam, Fourth Middle East War, Third India-Pakistan War, Iran-Iraq War ... 1950- 1980 During the Cold War, there were many fierce local wars in various countries. This book records these battles one by one, reveals the battlefield picture and analyzes it.

A lot of references to local wars during the cold war: this book is very detailed.

After reading this book for several months, it lists examples of famous wars during the Cold War, including the second battle of the Korean War, the Vietnam War, three wars between India and Pakistan, three typical Middle East wars, the Cuban missile crisis, the Iran-Iraq war and so on. I like watching these war documentaries, and I like watching the generals of both sides deploy their troops and kill each other. War is also an art. Behind every war, there is always a deep political background and different interest groups. The result of every war is the result of mutual compromise. In ancient China, there was a saying that "a soldier who defeats others without fighting", but it needs strong economic and military strength as the backing.

India-Pakistan War:1June 2, 947, India was divided, Hindus formed India, and Muslim street vagrants formed Pakistan, which means "the country of halal". Mountbatten, the last British Indian governor, put forward this plan. The purpose of Britain is: if you can't possess it, destroy it skillfully. Mahatma Gandhi saw clearly the serious consequences of this plan and advocated independence before partition, but it was useless. This is the difference between India and China. China has been bullied to the extent that it can at least maintain its nominal sovereignty, and no outsider who tries to rule China dares to act rashly. Indians, on the other hand, only gently set off an independent movement of "non-violence and non-cooperation", which also brought division to the country. 1On August 4th, 947, India was founded.1On August 5th, Pakistan became independent. Before and after independence, millions of Hindus and Muslims fled their homes, and bloody genocide could not wait to begin.

At the same time, when Britain carved up India, it left behind the tail of Kashmir, which covers an area of 230,000 square kilometers and has a population of 5 million, of which 78% are Muslims and 22% are Hindus. But I don't know when it will be divided. I just said in general terms: "Kashmir can freely join India or Pakistan, or it can remain neutral." The fuse of the war was buried, and the two sides are still deadlocked in this area.

Highlights of the Second India-Pakistan War: Pakistan Air Force pre-empted, concentrated all aircraft, and violently attacked the Indian Army Airport within a few hours of the outbreak of the war, which severely damaged the Indian Air Force and weakened its numerical advantage, thus making it difficult for the Indian Air Force to effectively recover in a short time, seize the air superiority of local wars, and provide maximum air support for ground troops.

The third India-Pakistan War lasted from1971110/0/2/0/0 to16 February. As a result, East Pakistan became independent, and now Bangladesh is established to support the pro-Indian government.

Cuban Missile Crisis: 1962, 10, to12,6.

Cuba belonged to the United States for a long time before 1959. Since Castro took office, he has nailed a nail to the back garden of the United States. The handling of this crisis shows a high-level game between the two sides.

The Soviets underestimated the strength and determination of Americans, thinking that if medium-range missiles were deployed in the United States, they would not have the courage to undertake a nuclear strike against Americans whose lives and wealth were above everything else. I didn't expect Kennedy and Americans to react so strongly. They will not hesitate to fight the Soviet Union, even if it is a nuclear war. President Kennedy said: "This is a difficult and dangerous task. No one can correctly predict how things will develop, or what price or casualties will be paid. But we will never choose to surrender or surrender. The United States began to choose offensive and defensive countermeasures, limited blockade of sea areas, and only intercepted ships with military purposes. 10124 October, a special mixed fleet was organized to intercept all ships entering Cuba.

Several details of the blockade mission are interesting. What if you really meet Soviet ships and submarines? "Now that you have made a decision, the order, what should be done, should be decided by the generals. We cannot interfere with the details of the action. " Without the intervention of politicians, the US Navy in charge of this operation really matters. As for Soviet submarines, the naval general Anderson, who was in charge of the blockade, paid no attention at all. He said: "If a special mixed fleet with dozens of warships and hundreds of planes is afraid of several submarines, then the US Navy has no need to exist."

The two sides gave each other a step down and withdrew Cuban missiles with dignity. 654381At 9: 00 on October 28th, the Soviet Union announced the withdrawal of medium-range missiles, but Cubans were unwilling to let the United Nations and Americans inspect them. The compromise plan is that the Soviet Union acquiesced in the U.S. U2 high-altitude reconnaissance,1October 20 165438 The last batch of missiles and bombers were evacuated, and the United States lifted the maritime blockade. 165438+1October 2 1, the Soviet Union lifted the mobilization order,1October 30,165438, and the United States lifted its operational preparations for attacking Cuba. Throughout the crisis, both sides just stared at each other. From the perspective of the United States, this crisis could have been avoided; The advantages and disadvantages of conventional forces are the key to solve the nuclear crisis; Diplomatic efforts are the key to solving the nuclear crisis.

The Third Middle East War (1967- 10 June 5)

When the situation in the Middle East was tense, Israel took the lead, and moshe dayan, the one-eyed general at that time, led the famous Sixth Five-Year Plan War.

100% of the air force was dispatched, and even the trainer was sent to the battlefield, destroying the air forces of Egypt, Syria, Jordan and Iraq in one fell swoop. "Israel's last line of defence is over Cairo."

On the 5th, at 7: 45- 10: 15, at the expense of nine planes, 1 1 casualties, 304 people of the Egyptian air force were destroyed.

12, the third wave of attack was launched, and the Jordanian air force was completely annihilated, with Syria losing 50% and Iraq losing 10%.

The Israeli army's bold offensive action made Amir, the commander of the Egyptian army in charge of commanding the Arab army, first react that the Israeli air force was not so powerful, and Britain and the United States must have participated in the war. In the face of the Israeli attack, the order was "retreat". There is neither an evacuation order nor an evacuation route. Although the president later stepped in to stop the retreat, it inevitably caused great confusion to the frontline troops. Israel pursued victory and occupied the whole Sinai Peninsula. On the evening of the 8th, the UN Security Council passed a ceasefire resolution, which was accepted by Egyptian President Nasser.

On June 6th, when the Jordanian army attacked, they believed in the news that most of the Israeli air force was annihilated by Amir (no wonder, they had to trust their allied marshal). When two armored brigades swaggered in during the day, they were destroyed by the Israeli air force and lost their fighting capacity. On the evening of the 7th, Jordan withdrew from the war.

The initial operational direction of the Israeli army was in Egypt, and the Syrian army occupied an absolute advantage in the Golan Heights from May 5 to 8, but it did not move. It just sent troops to carry out exploratory attacks. After being blocked, it stopped and sat quietly watching the tiger fight. On the morning of the 9th, Israeli troops gathered in this direction and began to attack Syria. 10 in the morning, Israeli troops surrounded Quneitra, the gateway to the capital Damascus. At this time, the Syrian government made another funny mistake: it tried to solve the battlefield crisis through diplomatic channels, and announced on the radio at 8: 30 am on June 5438+00 that Israeli troops occupied Quneitra, hoping to force the Security Council to make a ceasefire decision quickly and prevent Israel from advancing toward Damascus. What is self-defeating is that the Syrian soldiers who are fighting fiercely with the Israeli army at the front line believe it, thinking that the road behind them has been cut off, and they have fallen into panic and fled in all directions. Israeli soldiers occupied Quneitra without bloodshed.

The Middle East has always been a place where big countries play games, and no one is allowed to dominate. When Israel goes to war, it is judged that the UN Security Council will adopt a cease-fire resolution within five or six days at the earliest, so it must advance quickly and occupy as many strategic locations as possible. Sure enough, at 9 12: 30, the Security Council passed a ceasefire resolution, and 10 came into effect. The Syrian representative was fidgeting at the United Nations, and the Soviet representative was ready to make a speech threatening Israel's withdrawal. However, the representative of Israel spoke first and announced his acceptance of the ceasefire resolution. Dolenko, the representative of the Soviet Union who was about to speak with the last spy in his hand, was flushed with anger.

June 10, 18: 30, cease fire. The whole war lasted six days, totaling 140 hours. Israel has occupied 65,000 square kilometers of land in Gaza, Sinai Peninsula, Golan Heights and the West Bank of Jordan River, and its land area has tripled, giving Israel strategic depth. Throughout the war, Arab countries kept secrets from each other, fought independently, and were always in a passive state in strategy and campaign. There is a feature film reflecting the war recently. I only watched one episode, called the wasted war. Stupidity is not war, but occupation. The Israeli army built Jewish settlements on a large area of occupied land. In order to implement the "land for peace" plan, Rabin, the war hero of that year, fell under his own gun.

Vietnam War:

An American general once said, "Our army never lost a battle in Vietnam, but our country lost the Vietnam War." This is the most concise and accurate summary of this war. Vietnam War is a special war. The Viet Cong armed forces with powerful China's selfless assistance don't care about the supply of casualties at all, while Americans care more about the pressure of public opinion. When I went to Washington, I went to the Vietnam War Memorial Wall. A very beautiful lawn extends downward. The names of more than 50,000 dead people were quietly carved on black marble. You can often see flowers and photos under a certain name, which gives people a calm feeling. What about us? With the help of fools, we only cultivated a baiwenhang, leaving us only memories of 1979 and 1984 two mountains and the recent border mine clearance.

The Fourth Middle East War (16-24 October)

Israel's strategy is to strike first, but after the third Middle East War, it gained great strategic depth and greatly strengthened its sense of security. So, he gave up the preemptive strategy and invested a huge sum of money to build the "Balaf Line" along the Suez Canal, which later became the "Balaf Line" with maginot line. On the contrary, after experiencing the humiliation of the June 5th War, the Arab countries made great efforts to govern, and their internal unity was unprecedented, vowing to avenge themselves.

654381October 6, Yom Kippur, Israel, Egypt took the lead in firing the first shot and quickly broke through the Palestinian defense. At the same time, Syria launched an attack on the Golan Heights. The front-line troops of the Israeli army were almost wiped out, and the air force suffered heavy losses. Israel was once under siege, and the whole country was in jeopardy. Dayan, the hero of the last Middle East war, also lost confidence and ordered a full retreat. As a result, the commanders of two local military regions refused to carry out the orders. After failing to ask the United States to send troops to intervene, Prime Minister Meir ordered all the 13 atomic bombs secretly stored in the hinterland of Negev desert to be loaded with modified F-4E ghost fighter-bombers, ready to die with the enemy at a critical moment. (Israel has always held an attitude of neither denying nor admitting whether it possesses nuclear weapons, although many countries are well aware of it. )

However, the Arabs missed the opportunity at this time. The attack in Egypt was too smooth, which was beyond the control of the high command. I don't know how to pursue victory, which gives the Israeli army a chance to survive. At the same time, although the United States did not send troops directly, it did its best to send a large number of military supplies to Israel, including planes, tanks and artillery. At the same time, the Sr-7 1 high-altitude reconnaissance plane found a gap 19KM wide at the junction of two army groups in Egypt. The Israeli army captured the fighter plane and launched a counterattack against Egypt in June 14 and 18, using two divisions to attack the junction, including the "Sharon division" led by the famous Sharon in the future. After the reversal of the war, the Israelis did not repeat the mistakes of the Egyptians and boldly raided and advanced into Egyptian cities. The beaten Egyptian army completely lost its fighting spirit and couldn't wait to accept the ceasefire agreement of the Security Council.

101In the early morning of October 24th, an officer of the United Nations supervision force called Dayan to ask when Israel could cease fire. Dayan replied: "First of all, it must be a real ceasefire, and we are ready to accept it. The time is 7 am on the 24 th, provided that the Egyptians must first propose a ceasefire. " At 8: 45 am on the 24th, UN officials called Dayan and said that they had received a telegram from Cairo, which read: "Agree, agree, agree."

Dayan asked, "Did the Egyptians really agree three times?"

"No, four times"

So the Israeli army stopped attacking and stopped fighting on the spot.

The fourth Middle East War was full of twists and turns. A Jun was carried away by a temporary victory and didn't know what to do in the face of an unexpected victory. The Israeli army seized the fighter plane and fought back. On the contrary, Israel did not stick to the rules on the battlefield and seized every favorable opportunity to expand its achievements until its opponents lost confidence. The difference between strategy and tactics is obvious.

The Iran-Iraq war lasted for eight years, and both countries were badly hurt, and no one got any cheap money. Looking at the whole war, there are not many points that can be circled. Commanders of both sides keep making low-level mistakes. It's the 1980s, and they are still fighting naval battles.