On the Classical Chinese in Wenshuo

1. Translation of Shuo Wen in Classical Chinese: Shuo Wen in Meng Tu Wen Ji.

The original gentleman's learning must be inquisitive. If you ask and learn, you will go hand in hand. If you don't learn, you will have no doubt. You can't be a good scholar if you are thirsty for knowledge and don't ask questions frequently. If you understand clearly, but you don't achieve your goal, you know it's big, but you don't know its details. How can it be funny if you don't ask?

A knowledgeable person is bound to like to ask questions to others when studying. Asking and learning complement each other. It is impossible to find problems without studying and researching, and it is impossible to enrich knowledge without asking questions. Just like learning but unwilling to ask others for advice from time to time, you are not a person who really loves learning. Even if you understand the truth, you may not be able to put it into practice. Even if you understand the main thing, maybe you don't understand its details. So where can we infer the solution except asking others?

2. Some classical Chinese translations of "Ask and Say" The following are translations, which can be seen:) ~ ~ It is a common secular problem to think that you are right and others are wrong.

Learning is not barrier-free, but you don't understand, but you think you understand; The truth is not safe, just a subjective guess. If so, there will be nothing to ask for in that lifetime.

For those who are more talented than themselves, they are jealous and unwilling to ask; For those who are not as good as themselves, despise them and disdain to ask; People who are similar to themselves are familiar with it and don't want to ask. If so, almost no one in the world will ask. Others don't deserve to be persuaded by themselves. There is no doubt about it. I just think of myself as a teacher and think I'm self-righteous.

Self-righteous, this is just a small problem. Knowing that one's knowledge is shallow but closely covering up one's mistakes, one would rather not improve one's knowledge all one's life than be ashamed to ask questions.

This is a bad intention, this is a big problem, and nine times out of ten people often make such mistakes.

3. Some classical Chinese translations of "Ask and Say" The following are translations, which can be seen:) ~ ~

It is a common secular problem to think that you are right and others are wrong. Learning is not barrier-free, but you don't understand, but you think you understand; The truth is not safe, just a subjective guess. If so, there will be nothing to ask for in that lifetime. For those who are more talented than themselves, they are jealous and unwilling to ask; For those who are not as good as themselves, despise them and disdain to ask; People who are similar to themselves are familiar with it and don't want to ask. If so, almost no one in the world will ask. Others don't deserve to be persuaded by themselves. There is no doubt about it. I just think of myself as a teacher and think I'm self-righteous. Self-righteous, this is just a small problem. Knowing that one's knowledge is shallow but closely covering up one's mistakes, one would rather not improve one's knowledge all one's life than be ashamed to ask questions. This is a bad intention, this is a big problem, and nine times out of ten people often make such mistakes.

4. Wang Wenyan translated "Wang Chuan": Wang, a native of Lianshui, Sizhou (now Lianshui County, Jiangsu Province), lost his father in his childhood and his family was very poor. He served his mother with great respect.

He has read many poems and books, and his personality is honest and frank, which is very special. On my way back to Beijing for taking an exam, I met a man who was tired on the road and said to Wang, "My father is an official in a far away place. He is ill and very serious." He wants to visit, but he can't because he is very tired on the road. "

Wang sympathized with him and took off his horse and gave it to him. He left without telling his name, so his reputation was shaken at that time. Refuse to visit powerful people. Wei Zhi thinks he is different from ordinary people and plans to marry his wife's niece. He politely refused.

Shortly after his death, Wang took the initiative to marry his wife's niece. When someone asked Wang why he did this, Wang said, "I didn't do it first because I didn't rely on powerful people." Now I am doing this to repay the Prime Minister's kindness in meeting him. "

Wang and Sean, the minister of punishments, have always been friendly. Sean committed a crime, Wang was implicated, and was demoted to Ji 'an County as a county magistrate. Ji 'an is among barbarians, and the people are tenacious.

Wang summoned local leaders, gradually selected some students and disciples, set up books and lectures for them, held ceremonies to worship sages and teachers, and taught them the skills of singing and piccolo ensemble. They are all very happy. Soon, Wang transferred to Xiancheng in Huan County (now Wei County, Hebei Province). At this time, Sean's nephew called back from Asia and took refuge in the king.

When Zhang Jiao died, he entrusted his wife and children to him, hoping to transport his body back to his hometown for burial. Wang promised him. Because his wife was young, the king asked the slave to carry the coffin off the horse and let his wife ride and walk with him.

Zhang Jiao was buried behind the former Wu 'an, and sent his wife and children home to stay at Sean's grave. In the first year of the Qing dynasty, he was promoted to the king of the empire.

At that time, Li Yifu, assistant minister of Zhongshu, was in charge of state affairs. A woman, a beauty of Chun Yu, was imprisoned in Dali Temple because she was found guilty. Li Yifu was very happy and entrusted Dali Temple to break the law and get her out of prison. The emperor ordered Liu He to re-investigate Chunyu Kun's case, and Bi Zhengyi hanged himself.

Wang thinks that Li Yifu is evil and harmful to politics, and he wants to impeach him. He asked his mother about it. The mother said, "In the past, the tomb mother committed suicide with a sword in order to achieve her son's righteousness. I hope you can win a good reputation wholeheartedly. Even if I die, I will not regret it! " .

5. Seek the original text and translation of Zi Shuo, an ancient Chinese prose, saying that this book was written by Wang Anshi in the Northern Song Dynasty, with 20 volumes (24 volumes in one sentence).

The Biography of Wang Anshi in the Song Dynasty said: "Wang Anshi was born in Linchuan, Fuzhou. The stone is the first.

Shoot at the right servant and see the palace of literature. When writing Zi Shuo, Buddhism and Laos are often attached. At that time, scholars did not dare to give lectures, and the main division was purely used to select scholars, and scholars and English were in their proper places. The first Confucian passed on all the waste, which was useless. "

Later, after the New Deal, this book was banned and lost, and it has been passed down to this day. Wang Anshi believes that the sound and shape of Chinese characters contain the principle of everything. "The intonation, opening, meeting, going in and out, as well as vertical and horizontal, straight, evil and right, up and down, inside and outside, left and right, all come from nature, not man-made."

He wrote Zi Shuo from this angle, so there are many points in it. Although this book has been lost, it was once popular in the contemporary world and was annotated and quoted by many people.

Therefore, we can also have a general understanding of it from the writings of Song people. For example, Lu Dian's Ya Ya cited 20 pieces of Zi Shuo, Ye Daqing's Archaeological Inquiry cited 2 1 piece, Shi Yang's Zi Shuo Bian cited 23 pieces, Zhu Yi's Guessing Miscellaneous Notes cited 2 pieces, Yuan Wen's Uneasy cited 4 pieces, and Huang Huying's Jing Kang Miscellaneous Notes, etc.

In the Ming Dynasty, some Zi Shuo quoted from the Song Dynasty, such as Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica, Zhao Nanxing's Complete Works of Nanxing, and Wang Shizhen's Su Changgong's Collected Works, may have been originally published in the notes of the Song Dynasty, but now they have been lost. Many of Zi Shuo's explanations are ridiculous.

We can get a glimpse from the following notes of the Song Dynasty: Jian Xu's Record of Xiao Man says: Dongpo heard of the new creation of Gong Jing's Zi Yue, and the play said, "Why is it ridiculous to take a bamboo whip horse as a' Benedict' and a bamboo whip dog?" He said, "There is also evidence that the word' nine' is a bird." The poem says:' Owl dove is in mulberry, and his son is seven'; And mom and dad, exactly nine. "

Zeng Minxing's Lonely Wake Magazine has been published for five years: Wang wrote Zi Shuo. One day, he hesitated and thought for a while. The son-in-law asked a servant to see him because he invited him.

Gong said, "I didn't get the word' fly'." The woman said, "The bird's paw is on the opposite side."

The public thinks so. Shao Bo's Lu Wenjian of Shao in Henan has been published for 20 years: Wang likes Zishuo in the evening.

The guest said, "Why does the word Ba come from the west?" West of Gong Jing, he fought in the corner of the square, and he spoke hundreds of times. Or: "The overlord comes from the rain, not from the west."

Gong Jing followed suit and said, "It's like rain melting your ears." His academic work is sharp and inconclusive.

As can be seen from the above examples, Wang Anshi's Zi Shuo mostly violates the provisions of the "six books" of ancient philology, and it is impossible to get its essence by interpreting the text only from the stippling of regular script. In Song Dynasty, Lu You commented: "Wang Jian's ci has multiple meanings, so take it from the meaning, ... and stick it on every point."

Luo Dajing also wrote: "Gong Jing's explanation of the word' sugarcane' is meaningless. One day, when I was walking in the nursery, I saw the sugarcane growing sideways and said,' He is born all the year round.

Wu Gong said: "Sugarcane, grass sugarcane is also alive". "("Helin Wang Lu "Volume III) is enough to prove that Wang Anshi does not distinguish between pictophonetic characters, but uses knowledge to express his hypothesis.

This freewheeling and freewheeling way of saying Chinese characters is exactly the same as word splitting. However, Wang Anshi's political reform has always been criticized by the people of the time, Confucius is often cited as a joke, and there will be many evil words in the notes of Song people.

In order to evaluate Zishuo more objectively, we copied some items of Zishuo in Ya Ya, a student of Wang Anshi's Lu Dian, for further discussion. ..................................................................................................................................................................................

Happiness comes from harmony. You can't be an animal or walk easily, but you can be bound. So also teach' binding'.

"Poetry" says:' There are dead birds in the wild, and white grass covers them', and the word is not dead, so it is ordered to use geese, while those who make up lambs will use their merits. Today, it's not a gift to wrap the dead in imperata.

Although they are all rude, they are even more rude, so the order says:' evil is rude.' Say' dead bird' first, then' dead deer'; Say "Bao" first, then "Shu", the word is changed by the king of Wen, who knows evil and is disrespectful, and his vulgarity is prosperous and does not kill.

Xi Xi Shan, Xi Ze, Lu Xilin. Therefore, the forest belongs to the mountain, and its word is from the deer; This is also the reason why the deer is located in the foothills.

Deer, Lin Zengye; You are a wild animal. "Otter:" Lai "and" Jackal "are consistent with" Cai ".

...... Confucius said: "The jackal is also a beast, but it can be described as" talent "to get the beast, to beat its kind, and to know how to sacrifice at the right time. Otters can't beat their peers, but they also know that they are not hooligans. "

(Same as above) Sheep: Confucius said, "Big sheep are full of beauty. If beauty succeeds, the sheep will die.

Laozi said: "Everyone in the world knows that beauty is beautiful, but beauty is evil." . "(ditto): a cockroach.

..... "Confucius said:" Snakes can catch people, so they can have it. If you can, you can recover; Harmful, people are also complicated. "

(Volume 10 "Letting Insects Fly") Cherry: "On Ci" says: "Cherry is solid, elegant and gentle as' baby'; The main material, the score is only' test'. " (Volume 14 "Poems") Amaranth: "Zi Shuo" said: "■ In addition to dizziness, amaranth eliminates medicine; Then pursue eternity and pursue evil. "

(Volume 17: Interpretation of Grass) The quotation in Yaya is the original text of Zishuo, and the explanation of each word is completed first, which shows the characteristics of Wang Anshi's Ci-poetry: not only are they all explained in regular script, but what they say is more obedient than Miao. Far-fetched people abound, so some jokes told by Song people are basically true.

Of course, Zi Shuo is not without its merits. Ye Daqing's "Archaeological Query" points out: "Wang Wengong, who is closely related to him, also interprets many words in his scriptures, such as saying" man is false ","man is in office, man is established ","the words of the parties are public ","five people are friends with their husbands ","ten people "and" blood relationship is self-evident ". Just like' loyalty in the center' and' forgiveness in the heart', Zhu Huian may also take it. "

It can be seen that Confucius is not complete. As we all know, Chinese characters are the product of the development of human culture, and their structure has certain rules. If we only interpret Chinese characters in a known way, there will be many jokes.

As Ye Zao, a poet in the Song Dynasty, pointed out: "All words are not meaningless, but ancient Chinese characters are not exclusive, or sound or shape, and their types are different." (Shilin Yan Yu) Wang Anshi's Zi Shuo.