Zhang's test method

I always have a notebook with all the things I will do, from giving lectures to students on the first day of every month to buying a bottle of soy sauce from the supermarket when I get home from work according to my wife's instructions. Then I will write them down and do them one by one according to the things recorded in the notebook and the schedule. I have used many such books, and I gave it a name, called "Exam Book". The reason why I like to remember things with examination papers for so many years is because it is my unique skill to learn from an ancient person. He was called the only politician in the history of the Ming Dynasty by Liang Qichao, a master of Chinese studies-the first assistant of the cabinet in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. When Zhang was founded, it was originally named "Examination Method". Of course, this "testing method" created by Zhang is not just a notebook. When it comes to examination methods, it is necessary to talk about two major problems that Zhang has to face first to implement the Wanli New Deal. The first question: bureaucracy. Bureaucracy is a foreign word, but this unprofessional, unprofessional, irresponsible, buck-passing, overstaffed and frustrating work style has been quite popular in China officialdom since ancient times. I remember an article in Quotations from Chairman Mao called "Don't be contaminated with bureaucracy". Chairman Mao's inculcation shows that bureaucracy has become a problem in our government departments.

In fact, every time you want to make some achievements in the past dynasties, the first problem you have to face is often the bureaucratic problem prevailing in officialdom. The fundamental reason why these bureaucrats are irresponsible and overstaffed is that they know nothing. In the Ming Dynasty, there was a nursery rhyme that satirized the official in the officialdom and said, "Confucian scholars dragged their white feet, which is nothing like imperial academy ... astronomy is solid and not as good as Qin; There is no better music than Taichang Temple ... the books are rotten and dirty, and there are no two rooms, Wenhua Hall and Wuying Hall. " (Ruan Kuisheng's Book of Tea Talks Volume II Secrets of Ming Dynasty Officialdom) Translated into vernacular Chinese: Those who fail the exam will always be born in imperial academy, the highest institution of learning; Those who know least about astronomy have just entered the observatory; Those who are tone-deaf preside over the national Yuefu organization; There is nothing uglier than the college students in Wenhua Hall who write and draw like ghosts!

Unofficial history in the Ming Dynasty also recorded such a judicial joke. It is said that a man lived in a shop in summer and stole a mat from the shop when he left the next morning. The shopkeeper found it and sent it to the yamen. As a result, the county magistrate will sentence those who steal mats to death. The touts next to him were dumbfounded, saying that stealing a mat was sentenced to death. I'm afraid there is no legal basis? I just know that the county magistrate shook his head and said that there is no judicial basis. Didn't Confucius say, "It's no harm to die if you heard about stealing your seat?" Hearing this, the touts found it ironic. Confucius said from the heart, "You can die at dusk when you listen to the Tao." That means you heard the wisdom of life in the morning and understood the true meaning of life. Even if you die at night, you have no regrets. As a result, Mr. Bai Zi didn't break the sentence, thinking that he heard someone stealing a seat, so the person who stole the seat was "dead". Open a county magistrate so unlearned, a glimpse of the whole leopard, the whole officialdom can be imagined. (For details, see Zhu Cong in Laughing at the Sea, the official quotation of Buddhism). Of course, this may be just a joke, but it is also very telling. But the question is, why can these ignorant and irresponsible bureaucrats flood the officialdom? Fundamentally speaking, officialdom provides such an atmosphere for bureaucracy. In officialdom, decent people can't compete with gangs, horizontal ones can't compete with wine bottles, and political achievements can't compete with each other. Cadres can't go up and down, and everyone is ganging up and the organization is bloated. Once the atmosphere is formed, it is really difficult to change. The old country is like a human being, "the pain is unbearable, and the general rules are painless." The bureaucratic system is overstaffed, and things are defeated. This is the crux of the inefficient operation of the state machine. So the prescription of "relaxing muscles and activating blood circulation and dredging meridians" was developed, which is the famous "dredging meridian method"