Why is the Terracotta Warriors and Horses in Qin Shihuang Mausoleum called the Eighth Wonder?

The first miracle is the pyramids of Egypt! According to Historical Records, Qin unified the world, that is, after Qin Shihuang proclaimed himself emperor, he drove 700,000 criminals from all over the country to build the imperial tomb. 2 10 July, Qin Shihuang visited the mountains for the fifth time, and died on the sand dune platform (now Lai Xiang County, Hebei Province). At the age of 50, he was buried in Lishanling in September of the same year. At the time of Qin Shihuang's death, the Qin Mausoleum was not fully built, and the Hu Hai in Qin Ershi continued to be built for two years, which took 39 years.

The Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor is the largest mausoleum in the world, which is one of the reasons why it is listed in the World Heritage List. According to relevant records, "Mausoleum" originally refers to Mountain Mausoleum. Since the mid-Warring States period, due to the promotion of imperial power, the king's tomb has been built as high as a mountain. He began to call the tomb "Mausoleum" and compared it to a towering mountain mausoleum. According to relevant records, the original height of the Qinling Mountains was166m. After two thousand years of wind and rain, it is still as high as 76 meters, looking like a hill from a distance. The cemetery is east-west, and the gate on the periphery of the cemetery opens in the east, which is completely different from the general mausoleum, which shows the power of Qin Shihuang living in the west, sweeping Liuhe and dominating the world. Xu Hun, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, once chanted with infinite emotion in the poem "Passing the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor":

Dragons and tigers surround trees, and clouds collapse.

In a piece of green hills and autumn grass, passers-by only worship the Han Mausoleum.

According to the census, the cemetery and burial area are about 75 kilometers from east to west and from north to south, with a total area of 56 square meters, of which the cemetery area is nearly 8 square kilometers, the outer city is rectangular with a circumference of 6242 meters, and the inner city is square with a circumference of 2525 meters. The mausoleum is located in the southwest of the inner city and the east of the west. It is speculated that the mausoleum of Qin Shihuang should be behind the mausoleum. At present, there are 65,438+07 horse burial pits, 65,438+07 rare birds and animals, 65,438+04 terracotta warriors and horses, and one Lingxi burial pit. There is a mausoleum road in the middle of Lingxi, with wooden and bronze chariots and horses. There are seven burial pits and ear chambers in the north of Lingbei, and there are places and passages leading to the tomb. There are three tunnels on the east side of the mausoleum. Outside the cemetery is a burial area. At present, there are 3 terracotta warriors and horses, 53 stables, 17 tomb for killing horses and 17 tomb for torturing terracotta warriors. The underground palace under the seal symbolizes Xianyang city.

The Qin Mausoleum is extremely luxurious. "Taking water as silver is a hundred rivers and seas, and it is instilled by machine. There is astronomy on the top, geography on the bottom, and mermaid cream is a candle, which lasts forever. " The Palace Museum is full of treasures and strange things. "There is no arrow in the underground palace to prevent illegal excavation. In 209 BC, when Qin Shihuang was buried, Qin Ershi Hu Hai buried all the childless concubines in the harem. In order to prevent leaks, all the skilled craftsmen engaged in construction in the tomb were buried in the underground palace, which was extremely cruel.

It is said that after the Qin Shihuang Mausoleum was burned and excavated by Xiang Yu, a shepherd lost his flock and went to the tomb with candles to look for it. He accidentally caught fire and burned Qin Shihuang's coffin. I'm afraid this is not necessarily true. In recent years, investigations by relevant departments have found that the mausoleum has never been moved except for two small caves less than 9 meters deep and far from the underground palace and several trenches dug by Kuomintang troops. Xiang Yu only destroyed the ground buildings of the cemetery, and the Terracotta Warriors, known as the "eighth wonder of the world", were accidentally discovered by several farmers at 1970.

Qin Shihuang, who wanted to rule the world forever, has long since died, but his spirit has not completely disappeared from the world. During my visit, I heard many words praising Qin Shihuang's achievements, such as unifying China script, unified measurement, building the Great Wall, digging canals and so on. Of course, Qin Shihuang swept the six countries, relying on He Xiongzai! With his sword, he decided to go to the west. Qin Shihuang deserves to be the best of the feudal emperors in China, but his sins are unforgivable to the people. As long as we think about it, if nothing else, take the grass and trees of Mount Li and the terracotta warriors and horses of the Qin Dynasty, which one does not soak up the sweat and blood of workers? How many people died! Let Chinese sons and daughters kill each other before they gain their own status. Everything about him is just Prime Minister Reese touting his master and praising himself.

It was a felony for Qin Shihuang to burn books and bury Confucianism. He carried out the suggestion of Prime Minister Li Si, not to say that all books in the State of Qin should be banned, but that people who talk about "poetry" and "books" should be beheaded in the street: the whole family should be beheaded, and so on. At the command, the smoke of burning books covered the sky and did not dissipate for a month. Subsequently, more than 460 Confucian scholars were buried alive on trumped-up charges. Later, he planted melons and melons next to Lishan Mausoleum, and told Confucian scholars to watch them. Then he bulldozed the soil and buried more than 700 people alive. This kind of extremely cruel behavior can only be done by Qin Shihuang. People are not only the creators of history, but also the fairest judges. I wonder if there are any folk songs or folk stories praising this character. As the Tang Dynasty poet Wang Wei wrote in the tomb of the first emperor:

The ancient tomb turned into Cangling, and the secluded palace was like a purple platform.

The stars are separated by seven nights, and the rivers and mountains are open.

Ningbo has sea people, but no spring geese.

I even heard the rhyme, and I suspect it's the doctor's sorrow.

Besides, Qin Shihuang was harsh and addicted to killing. There are only 12 kinds of death penalty. Needless to say, Qin killed more than 1.3 million people in the Bing War, so he moved all over the world, which is more important than the previous generation's hard labor. Taking him to cross the river in Fengli, Hunan, he angrily ordered 3000 prisoners to cut down all the trees in Xiangshan. Take his "achievements" such as sending 3,000 boys and girls across the ocean to seek elixir of life, which is really unforgivable. It is not difficult to understand why people call Qin Shihuang the first tyrant when they come to the book burning pit. This "eighth wonder" can only become history. We respect history, which records the greatness, diligence and wisdom of the Chinese nation, but does not publicize the achievements of emperors.