Why does Su Shi, who has always had a high vision, have a high opinion of Han Yu?

Han Yu, who has the reputation of "the decline of literature in eight generations", has inherited the tradition of prose in the pre-Qin and Han dynasties and opposed the trend of courtship since the Six Dynasties. Han Yu's articles are magnificent, thorough and logical, so he is regarded as the first of the "eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties".

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The ancient prose movement initiated by Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan * * * opened up the development path of ancient prose since the Tang Dynasty. Han Yu's poems strive for novelty, great momentum and originality. Taking prose as poetry has also become another highlight of Han Yu's poems, introducing new ancient Chinese language, rules and techniques into the poetry world, enhancing the expressive ability of poems, expanding the emotional field of poems and correcting the mediocre poetic style since the Great Calendar.

Among Han Yu's many poems, long ancient poems are the main ones, and the main contents expressed are mostly masterpieces that expose realistic contradictions and express personal frustration, such as Returning to Pengcheng, Dirty, and County Zhai You Huai, etc. These articles are plain and smooth, and mainly realistic. There are also some poems whose writing styles are quite different, mainly characterized by freshness and verve, which are similar to those in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, such as Late Rain and Five Poems in Penchi, and the most famous one is Two Poems by Zhang Eighteen Members from the Ministry of Water in Early Spring.

Although Han Yu has made great achievements in revealing realistic contradictions and pursuing verve, what really represents his poetic achievements are those poems which are known for their majestic momentum and strange images, which may be related to Han Yu's own personality characteristics. Han Yu is born with a strong and bold qualification, and his personality is filled with the pursuit of fresh and strange things, magnificent scenery and emotions, and he has repeatedly advocated "nurturing the spirit". What's more, while improving his self-cultivation, he has added a spirit of being bold and daring, which is a poem, that is, his spirit is fierce and his voice is exciting, just like a river breaking its banks and pouring down a thousand miles.

Su Shi commented on Han Yu

Han Yu, a writer of the Tang Dynasty who grew up in the decline of the Tang Dynasty, grew up in the Northern Song Dynasty, where the political crisis began. Their dynasties spanned three hundred years, but they were so similar. Both of them are literati of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties.

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Han Yu, who studied ancient teachings and cared about state affairs since childhood, was depressed. He took the imperial examination and took four exams before he was admitted. He concentrated on his research and continued his scientific research, hoping to get a part-time job, serve the court and benefit the people. Later, when he entered the DPRK as an official, his personality was too arrogant, and he fought against eunuchs and dignitaries successively, and his career was not smooth.

Han Yu's political environment is very similar to Su Shi's. Su Shi is also full of talents and bent on serving the imperial court. Su Shi's official career has experienced three ups and downs. After repeated struggles between party members and officials, Su Dongpo feels the same way about Han Yu's misfortune. Although they lived in different dynasties, they lived in appreciate each other.

Su Shi, who has always been lofty, even made a very high evaluation of Han Yu in the article "Chaozhou Han Wengong Temple Monument", thinking that Han Yu is loyal to the monarch and patriotic in politics, and his ambition is ambitious. In the article, it is even more critical and thought-provoking. "The decline of eight generations of literature" is his highest evaluation of Han Yu's literature, which means that Han Yu's articles have surpassed. That is, because Han Yu was in the middle of the Tang Dynasty, he launched a massive ancient prose movement, which opened up another world for prose and injected vitality into classical prose, instead of being a mere * * *, an armchair strategist.

Han Yu's achievements won the respect of later generations, and everyone named him the first of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties.

Evaluation of Han Yu

Han Yu was a famous writer, educator, thinker and politician in the Tang Dynasty. Han Yu has a strong logic of thinking, and has his own views on the prevailing Buddhism and Taoism at that time and a set of theoretical opinions. The theory of "orthodoxy" summarized by Han Yu became the forerunner of Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties. Han Yu is also outspoken in politics, without any reservation or consideration, so later generations have a very high evaluation of him.

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Liu Yuxi, who is also a dynasty, commented that Han Yu was a giant who made his reputation in the past 3 years. Li ao used to be an official in the official department with Han Yu at the same time. Li ao, who worked with Han Yu, thought that only Liu Zongyuan and Liu Yuxi could compare with Han Yu at that time. When Han Yu arrived in the Song Dynasty, he was even more admired by the world, and everyone Ouyang Xiu spoke highly of him. Ouyang Xiu thinks that Han Yu's writing style is omnipotent, especially likes to use poems to write articles, but he also likes to give jokes, human feelings and physical state to poems, and his writing skills are beyond the reach of ordinary people. Ouyang Xiu pays more attention to the charm of Han Yu in literary works. He is not constrained in going in and out of the meeting, just like those strange and dangerous mountains. The more steep they are, the more intriguing they are. Su Shi, a great writer, also respected Han Yu. He believed that since the Eastern Han Dynasty, orthodoxy had long been lost, and the disadvantages of literature were increasingly prominent. Even those heroes such as Fang Xuanling and Du Ruhui in the early Tang Dynasty could not save this decline. Only Han Yu was the first to restore the world and return to the right path with a cloth.

It can be seen that Han Yu is a rare talent in the history of China. As a writer, he dared to split the literary shortcomings of that time, re-open the fresh and handsome style of writing with magnificent poems and returned to ancient Chinese. Han Yu, as an individual, is a man of justice. He does not bow to the powerful in politics, but dares to speak out.

Han Yu argues that

Han Yu was born in an official family, and he has more interest and cognition in literature than ordinary people since childhood because of the influence of family style. Han Yu was able to speak at the age of seven and write at the age of twelve, so he was able to have his own views on literature and literary creation at that time. Han Yu thought that the literary creation at that time blindly pursued the parallel prose which was neat and focused on melody, which was not conducive to the expression of content. Therefore, since Han Yu began, he advocated the ancient prose movement.

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The ancient prose movement advocated by Han Yu is not simply to create ancient articles, which is not conducive to the development of literary creation at that time, but to learn the essence of prose creation in the pre-Qin and Han Dynasties. Han Yu thinks that one of the important purposes and functions of the article is to reason with Ming Dow, not to show that he is doing fancy retouching in the article. Looking at Han Yu's own poems and articles, we can see that his articles have majestic momentum, thorough reasoning and clear logical thinking. Therefore, Du Mu in the Tang Dynasty called Han Yu's articles and Du Fu's poems "Du Shi Han Bi", and Su Shi even thought that he was "the decline of eight generations of literature".

Han Yu advocates paying attention to the expression of content in literary creation, which is also used in his own literary creation practice. The greatest feature of Han Yu's articles is that he is outspoken and forthright, that is, he dares to tell the truth, which is also related to his positive and promising political literacy. Han Yu's works "On the Hunger of Drought People" and "On the Prosperity of Huaixi" and "On the Buddha's Bone Table" are all good performances, among which "On the Buddha's Bone Table" points out the fact that officials dare not point out the fault of the emperor. This article almost killed Han Yu, but luckily someone asked for relatives, it was reduced to the end of being demoted to Chaozhou.

Han Yu's literary ideas have a great influence on both then and later generations. Since the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the flashy culture has gradually been abandoned, and a literary breeze has begun to blow.