Health consultation: What is a throat cyst?

(a) ⅳ degree dyspnea in critical condition is not allowed to do a detailed examination of the cause, should immediately do emergency tracheotomy. In critical cases, cricothyroid puncture or cricothyroid incision is feasible in order to save the patient in minutes. After dyspnea is relieved, routine tracheotomy is performed to further find out the cause and treat the cause.

(2) If the causes of dyspnea of degree III can be quickly eliminated after treatment, such as acute laryngitis treated with antibiotics, hormones and other drugs, dyspnea can quickly subside or be alleviated to degree II, and gradually improve, thus avoiding tracheotomy. For patients with third-degree dyspnea (laryngeal tumor) whose etiology is unknown or can not be eliminated by conservative treatment, tracheotomy should be performed in time. For some frail patients, tracheotomy can be done even if they have difficulty breathing twice. And then according to different reasons for the corresponding treatment.

(3) In principle, for degree I and degree II dyspnea, a comprehensive and systematic examination should be conducted first, and corresponding treatment methods should be selected according to different causes.

For some patients with severe laryngeal obstruction with poor cough function and obstruction of lower respiratory secretions, asphyxia may occur during tracheotomy. Therefore, it is safe for patients to intubate or insert bronchoscope before tracheotomy, suck out secretions and give oxygen to ensure unobstructed respiratory tract, and then perform tracheotomy.

Second, what is the cause of the formation of throat cyst?

1. Laryngeal cyst Laryngeal gas cyst, also known as laryngeal cyst, laryngeal diverticulum or laryngeal gas hernia, is an abnormal expansion of laryngeal sac and contains gas. The baby's laryngeal sac is large, generally 6~8mm, and a few of them can reach10 ~15 mm. If the cyst is large, it is called congenital laryngeal gas cyst. The formation of adult laryngeal air cyst is mostly caused by congenital abnormality of laryngeal cyst, chronic cough, trumpet blowing, weight lifting and laryngeal tumor, which increases the pressure in laryngeal cyst. According to the location of air cyst, it can be divided into three types: laryngeal internal type, laryngeal external type and laryngeal internal and external mixed type.

2. The air cyst located in the larynx belongs to the laryngeal type. There are two types. One is to protrude from the laryngeal cavity, push the laryngeal band upward, cover the ipsilateral vocal cords, and even extend to the opposite side, blocking the glottis; The other one protrudes from the aryepiglottic fold, deforming the ipsilateral larynx, and some even extend upward to the base of the tongue, located in the epiglottic valley. The air cyst in the neck is outside the throat. This type mostly passes through the superior laryngeal nerve and blood vessels of thyrohyoid periosteum, and is located at the anterior edge of sternocleidomastoid muscle under hyoid bone; There are also those that pass through the cricothyroid membrane and are located below the thyroid cartilage. The mixed type is air cyst, which appears in throat and neck at the same time, and there is isthmus connection at the periosteum of thyrohyoid bone. There were no symptoms at first, and they didn't appear until they were quite large.

3. The most common symptoms of laryngeal cyst are voice change, unclear pronunciation, hoarseness or silence, often accompanied by cough. Some patients exhale before speaking, and use pharyngeal muscle contraction to expel the gas in the air cyst. People with inflated airbags may suffer from laryngitis and dyspnea. If the cyst is infected, there will be pain, sore throat and bad breath, and if the secretion enters the throat, it will cause severe cough.

4. The external symptom of larynx is mainly a round protruding tumor on the neck, sometimes large and sometimes small, and it feels soft. Squeezing by hand can gradually reduce deflation. The skin color is normal, without adhesion and tenderness, but when there is infection, it is local redness and tenderness. Mixed type has the above two types of symptoms.

What are the symptoms of throat cyst?

Laryngeal cyst Laryngeal gas cyst, also known as laryngeal cyst, laryngeal diverticulum or laryngeal gas hernia, is an abnormal expansion of laryngeal sac and contains gas. The baby's laryngeal sac is large, generally 6 ~ 8 mm, and a few of them can reach10 ~15 mm. If the cyst is large, it is called congenital laryngeal gas cyst. The formation of adult laryngeal air cyst is mostly caused by congenital abnormality of laryngeal cyst, chronic cough, trumpet blowing, weight lifting and laryngeal tumor, which increases the pressure in laryngeal cyst. According to the location of air cyst, it can be divided into three types: laryngeal internal type, laryngeal external type and laryngeal internal and external mixed type. There are two kinds of air cysts in the larynx. One is to protrude from the laryngeal cavity, push up the laryngeal band, cover the ipsilateral vocal cords, and even extend to the opposite side, blocking the glottis;

The other one protrudes from the aryepiglottic fold, deforming the ipsilateral larynx, and some even extend upward to the base of the tongue, located in the epiglottic valley. The air cyst in the neck is outside the throat. This type mostly passes through the superior laryngeal nerve and blood vessels of thyrohyoid periosteum, and is located at the anterior edge of sternocleidomastoid muscle under hyoid bone; There are also those that pass through the cricothyroid membrane and are located below the thyroid cartilage. The mixed type is air cyst, which appears in throat and neck at the same time, and there is an isthmus connection at the periosteum of thyrohyoid bone. There were no symptoms at first, and they didn't appear until they were quite large. The most common symptoms of intrapharyngeal type of pharyngeal cyst are voice change, unclear pronunciation, hoarseness or silence, often accompanied by cough. Some patients exhale before speaking, and use pharyngeal muscle contraction to expel the gas in the air cyst. People with inflated airbags may suffer from laryngitis and dyspnea. If the cyst is infected, there will be pain, sore throat and bad breath, and if the secretion enters the throat, it will cause severe cough. The external symptom of the larynx is mainly a rounded tumor on the neck, sometimes large and sometimes small, and it feels soft. Squeezing by hand can be gradually reduced, and the sound of deflation can be heard. The skin color is normal, without adhesion and tenderness, but when there is infection, it is local redness and tenderness. Mixed type has the above two types of symptoms.

4. What are the daily nursing measures for throat cysts?

live

Living and working in an environment that needs fresh air. Patients with chronic diseases should keep the humid indoor air fresh. Don't smoke indoors, and put things that don't stimulate the smell indoors. Healthy household heating stove, put a pot of water on the stove to improve the dry environment. This room is suitable for preventing colds. Due to colds, viruses and bacteria, it is easy to attack the throat and cause diseases.

Work and rest

Pay attention to combining work and rest. People who get hurt from overwork will get sick. The losses caused by gas, liquid and gas are more harmful. Improper use of sound and excessive use of sound can also lead to the disease.

utilize

Strengthen physical fitness through exercise, reduce the chance of catching a cold and prevent the occurrence of diseases. Optional swimming, Tai Ji Chuan, jogging and other sports.

spirit

To maintain emotional stability, we must have the confidence, perseverance and determination to treat. Because the long-term treatment of this disease is slow, patients often lose confidence easily. In addition, the illness may sometimes be temporarily relieved, there is enough time to seek safety, and the treatment is easy to relax.

health

Pay attention to the health of oral cavity and nasopharynx, keep brushing your teeth and take it after breakfast and dinner. Prevent and treat inflammation of adjacent organs. Because allergic rhinitis, sinusitis and other nasal congestion may lead to irrationality, which may lead to patients breathing with their mouths open for a long time. Viruses and bacteria easily attack the throat directly, and nasal obstruction and reflux may irritate the throat.

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