Chaozhou opera proverb

Where does the charming Chaozhou opera come from? The old artist used a proverb to illustrate; "orthography gives birth to white characters." Where does this start? We must start with the Southern Opera.

Southern Opera is a popular opera form in the southeast coast during the Southern Song Dynasty. Southern Opera was introduced into Chaozhou at the latest in the early Ming Dynasty. Feng Tang's Tomb in Chaozhou House was unearthed in the seventh year of Xuande's reign (1432). The professional roles and qupai tunes of the script belong to the southern opera system, and at the same time absorb some elements of the northern zaju, so it is named North-South Interception. At the same time, mark "orthography" in the title. Orthography means Andrew and is sung in the official language.

In the Ming Dynasty, there was the title of Chaoqiang and Chaodiao, which meant "translating local accent into opera". At that time, this localized opera was strictly prohibited.

Chaoqiang and Chaodiao in the Ming Dynasty developed into today's Chaoju. So people say this is "orthography gives birth to white characters." Because of this, Chaozhou opera has always respected orthography as a teacher and called orthography a play. There are most proverbs about clowns in Chaozhou proverbs. And highlight the clown to an important position. "I can make a play that is not ugly", that is, no clown can make a good play.

After the formation of Chaozhou Opera, although the whole station sang in Chaozhou dialect, students, Dan and Bai used the pronunciation and vocabulary of Chaozhou dialect more. Clowns not only spoke vernacular, but also made jokes at will to amuse the audience. So it is also called "old ugly vernacular". Sometimes, the troupe also relies on ugliness to fight. One year, two troupes in a certain place had a fight, and the two classes had their own characteristics and were evenly matched. But then Class B got better and better, and the audience was gradually attracted by it. At this time, Class A announced that an old clown would appear. When the audience heard this, they all rushed to the stage of Class A. I saw a clown, who was so fat that people laughed. He is wearing a Tang suit, a pair of knee-length shorts and chubby. He donated a thick and long hemp rope, quietly made a face in the corner of the stage, and then made the action of "I want to hang myself and be afraid" and "I want to splash water and be afraid". Then I said a few words, "alas! If you want to hang your neck, you are afraid of the rope! If you want to jump into the stream, no one will catch it! If you succeed, don't die and leave the market to eat white rice! " Very humorous, causing the audience to laugh and attract the audience. It is not easy to be a good clown, you must have technical expertise. As the saying goes, "no skill is not ugly." In the old society, the life of actors was very miserable. They "rest in the old man's palace and worship the gods". In the troupe, the hardest life is Tong Ling. Tong Ling, a child from a poor family, sold herself to a troupe. Therefore, as the saying goes, "parents are uncultured and sell their children for fun." Tong Ling lost his personal freedom, and all actions, including defecation, had to be watched by his parents. Master can beat and scold his disciples if he is slightly dissatisfied. Tong Ling can't peek at the masters' performances, and some good moves can only be stolen. If found, they will be scolded and beaten. Tong Ling learned all kinds of performing arts by beating and cursing. Therefore, as the saying goes, "A player is a base bone, and nothing can be played." . He added, "The master's surname is Lei, and the actor is playing." .

Tong Ling is often punished in various ways. Usually the punishment for Tong Ling is kicking his leg, patting his palm, pinching his fingers, scratching his eyelids, locking his feet in a cage, kneeling and so on. However, once he was caught back, his punishment was even more cruel. Some of them were hanged for a few days, others were tied up and locked in boxes, and they were not given food. What's more, they cut the meat and sprinkled salt. As the saying goes, "pass the parcel is tearful", which can be said to be a portrayal of childlike innocence. In addition, many proverbs come from jokes during the performance of Chaozhou Opera. For example, "I know the old joke bones", "I know the old joke bones" and "I can't see my face when I do three things". Some also reflect the basic skills of performance: "To be a Hua Dan, you must be able to shoot arrows, be a young man, hold a white fan, be a black shirt, be a bad face and be a posture"; "Hua Dan wins the umbilical cord, the teenager has a flat chest, the old man has a beard, his face is flat and his eyebrows are flat, and the old ugliness is scattered." Some of them come from traditional operas, such as "Being a pig's head to drive people to the colorful building" in The Story of Colorful Building, "Owl flies over Chen Shimei" in My Beauty Case, "Owl flies over the golden chapter" in The Golden Flower Shepherd and "Love to eat good fish and want to marry Yamu Su six niang" in Su six niang. There are also troupe members. For example, "Jing Sheng Lao San" means that the troupe of Lao San was good at literature and drama at that time.