He ying's life

He Ying, formerly known as He Minying, was born in Hongjiaguan, Sangzhi County, Hunan Province,1April 886 (Gregorian calendar1May 7).

He Ying has seven brothers and sisters. She is the eldest, with four younger sisters and two younger brothers. The eldest brother He Wenchang (that is, He Long) and the second brother He Wen. Such a family environment prompted her to help her parents solve problems from an early age and developed a hard-working, brave, cheerful and stubborn character. He Ying didn't have a chance to study when she was a child, and she began to help with housework at the age of six or seven. She enjoys high prestige among her brothers and sisters. If anyone fights with anyone, others just say, "I'll complain to my elder sister!" " "Everyone immediately stopped the activity and was silent.

He Ying is thirteen or fourteen years old, and according to the custom of the old society, she has to wrap her feet. But she dared to oppose feudal ethics and resolutely refused to accept it. An aunt at home scolded: "My daughter's family has big feet and is not afraid of jokes!" " He Ying pointed at the girl with little feet and sneered, "You are wrapped in sharp feet two fingers wide. When you walk, be careful to step on ants! " The aunts' discussion was very boring, so they had to go to her parents again and say, "What a scandal!" After listening, the parents sighed and said to He Ying, "Gu Xiang, you'd better wrap your feet to avoid being laughed at." He Ying said confidently, "It's not worth it! A person's life in the world depends not on the size of her feet, but on whether she walks the right way. We poor people have toes, we can't pick our shoulders, we can't lift our hands, and who will support us if we have a mouth? "

Parents listened to their daughter's reason and never forced her to bind her feet again. He Ying grew up day by day, and by the age of sixteen or seventeen, she was already a good hand at digging and accumulating fertilizer and stepping on fields to weed.

Hongjiaguan is a heroic market town. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, farmers have been forced to eat a lot and repeatedly attacked yamen to resist the cruel oppression of feudal rule. They organized a "bachelor club" to unite some brave people to fight against corrupt officials. Men fight martial arts with knives and guns. She often invites several female companions to watch together, and sometimes she learns some basic movements from some elderly people. /kloc-in the winter of 0/906, He Ying was 20 years old and married her cousin Gu Jiting. Gu Jiting, also known as Gu Hu, is tall, easy to make friends, trustworthy and loyal, and is the leading brother of the "Bachelor Club". His friends are all over the mountains, streets and docks at the junction of Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou. With the help of friends, he got dozens of guns, built houses and castles in Fish Scale Village surrounded by hanging stones, and erected the banner of helping the rich and helping the poor. Many poor peasant brothers defected to his banner as soldiers. His team has grown to more than 300 people and more than 200 guns, and is stationed in Fish Scale Village. Sometimes stationed in the county, sometimes moved to the neighboring Dayong, Cili, in the border of Bird Peak, Shimen, Longshan and Yongshun, which had a great influence in Xiangxi.

In the fifth year of the Republic of China (19 16), he supported his eldest brother He Long, killed Zhu Haishan, a big evil gentry, drove out Chen Mugong, a magistrate of a county, and elected Zhuo Chuxiao, the leader of Tzu Chi, as the county magistrate of Sangzhi County. In the 11th year of the Republic of China, her husband Gu Jiting was lured and killed by warlord Chen Quzhen. He Ying picked up her husband's gun, led the brothers in Yunjing Village to rebel against the government, slaughtered the gentry and directed the armed struggle. In the summer of the Republic of China 15, He Ying contacted Wen, Liu Yuxi and other departments to conquer Sangzhi County, drive away the county magistrate Ma Ce and expel the garrison leader Xiao Shantang. People from all walks of life in the city sent "national umbrellas" to welcome He Ying into the city.

In the spring of the Republic of China 17, He Long, Zhou Yiqun and Lu Dongsheng were appointed by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to carry out armed struggles in western Hunan and western Hubei. He Ying led 65,438+10,000 people to participate in "Hongjiaguan Juyi". After the Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants failed to attack Sangzhi County, He Ying, while protecting the families of the Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants, contacted the old relatives in Baiguoya, Luo Yu and Hongtuping on the Sangzhihe (Peak) border to join the Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants. She led a few armed forces to move in the mountainous areas along the Sangzhihe border.

In September, the revolutionary army of workers and peasants was frustrated in Shimen, and He Long came back to rest by the Sanghe River, in a difficult situation; He Ying spent all his savings, raised funds in various ways, personally took guerrillas to the cliff, sent cotton, cotton cloth, silver dollars and bullets to the revolutionary army of workers and peasants, and suggested to He Long: "The team must be armed, but it can't be without it." He Long accepts the recommendation.

In 18, 65438+ 10, the Soviet regime in Hefeng county was established. In the spring of the following year, the Red Fourth Army crossed Honghu Lake eastward, and the He Ying guerrillas stationed in the ear-cutting platform next to the Sanghe River, responsible for some military leadership work in the Soviet area along the Hunan-Hubei border, and personally arranged for the wounded and sick of the Red Army and their families. In September, Peng Xingzhou, the leader of the farmers' association in Wuli District, Hefeng County, defected and killed the county commissioner, the guerrilla battalion chief in Hefeng County and other people 19. He Ying, personally led by Yao Bochao, a guerrilla brigade of Hefeng County, cooperated with the independent group to go to Wuli to counter-insurgency and restore the revolutionary regime. In 65438+February, more than 3,000 Sichuan local armed men, such as Gan Zhanyuan and Zhang Xuan, were chased by Liu Xiang, a Sichuan warlord, and entered the border of Hefeng. He Ying was appointed by the Central County Committee of Hefeng on the border of Hunan and Hubei, and went to Qifengguan to fight for Gan Zhanyuan to join the Red Army. At the same time, he wrote to He Long to report the situation of Gambu, and personally led the guerrillas to guide Gambu to transfer to Hefeng Wu Liping, which ensured the smooth capture of Gambu by the Red Army Corps.

On the Double Ninth Festival in September, Lunar New Year 1922, Lian Changfa, who was based in Hongjiaguan, Sangzhi County, invited Gu Jiting down the mountain for dinner. An open gun is easier to hide than an open gun. The company commander killed Gu Jiting on the opium bed.

When the bad news came, He Ying just cried. Two years ago in May, his father He Shidao took his youngest son out to raise and transport arms in order to support his eldest son He Long. Father and son were assassinated, and now her husband has also been killed. Her heart is as painful as a knife. Birds don't fly without their heads, and sheep don't walk without their heads. How can a team have no leader? After Gu Jiting was buried, the two brothers seemed to have lost their souls.

Seeing that the two brothers were depressed, He Ying was too anxious to eat or sleep, and began to consider the fate of this team. Dismissed, but who will give the weapons? These weapons were bought by brothers with blood. Powerful factions everywhere are eager to seize these weapons. Besides, his younger brother, He Longyuan, has become a brigade commander and is in Fuling, East Sichuan. If there is no team behind him in his hometown, how painful the villagers will be! If the two brothers dare not hold high the banner of poverty alleviation, who will take the lead? She called the backbone of the platoon to the conference room, and everyone unanimously supported her as the commander. Since the Republic of China, warlords all over the country have been fighting and fighting. There are no big warlords in Sangzhi, but there are many "grass kings", "eight princes" and "four big fish", some with three or five guns and some with more than a dozen guns. Either you hit me, or I hit you, killing people and bleeding. As a woman, it is not easy for He Ying to lead a team and gain a foothold in this troubled times. She often leads troops to fight, sometimes several times a day.

/kloc-in the summer of 0/926, He Long was appointed as the first division commander of the Ninth Army, and began the northern expedition from Tongren. At this point, He Ying joined forces with He Lianyuan, Li Yunqing, Gu Zhilong and other local armed forces to drive out the county magistrate and enter the county seat. People from all walks of life sent "People's Umbrella" and "Welcome Commander He to the city". After He Ying entered the city, the troops were disciplined and the streets were in good order, which was deeply supported by the masses.

1April, 927, the situation changed suddenly, and Chiang Kai-shek created the "April 12" tragedy in Shanghai. He Ying came to He Long with his sister He Mangu and several attendants. He Long was worried that her sister was unfamiliar with city life when she first came to the metropolis, so she specially asked Zhang, a female soldier, to follow her. He Ying lived in Wuhan for a period of time, had contact with a producer like Zhou Yiqun, and had dealt with Chen Tunan, chief of staff of He Long who tended to the left of the Kuomintang, and had seen the complicated political situation. She said to He Long, "Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Ching-wei are unreliable. Now there are many people and the climate is big, but we should be clear-headed and remember the idiom' defeat is like a mountain'. I have to go back and stabilize the rear team. Once you encounter problems outside, there is a retreat. " He Long advised her to stay a little longer, but she insisted on leaving. He Long gave her some guns and ammunition and asked Zhang to go back to Xiangxi with her.

Shortly after He Ying and his party returned to Sangzhi, the "Ma Ri incident" occurred in Hunan, and Kuomintang reactionaries hunted down the * * * production party and workers and peasants everywhere. The situation became increasingly tense, especially in the autumn of 1927, when I heard that He Long took part in the Nanchang riots and served as the commander in chief, the Kuomintang reactionaries showed no mercy to Hongjiaguan.

1927 10, Chen Cexun mobilized more than 600 guns to surround He Ying, threatening "never retreat until He Ying is caught". He Ying rode a big white horse, commanded his brothers to fight while walking, and lived in bullets all day. Gong Lianxiang and Zhang, each holding a spear, followed her all the time. They bypassed Guandiping on the Cili border from Sangzhi City (which was assigned to Sangzhi County after liberation) and entered Hefeng area of Hubei Province. They fought 32 battles in 29 days, sometimes once a day or even several times a day. He Ying led the troops to live in Yanya for a period of time, then passed Zoumaping, entered Wang Jiahe, Hefeng County, my grandmother's hometown, and took cover in Geertai area.

The mountains here are high and dense. There is more than a foot of snow on the mountain in winter, and the climate is quite cold. People send bags of millet to eat, and brothers hunt and dig wild vegetables to eat. Life is hard, and He Ying is not afraid of everyone. The most uncomfortable thing is that he is lonely and can't hear He Long's voice. He Ying often said that the main reason why he was able to stand firm in Sangzhi before was that the flag of He Long was flying outside. Once the tree falls, there is no place to stand.

He Ying sent people down the mountain in disguise many times, asking about He Long everywhere. She was very happy to hear that He Long came to Honghu Lake from Shanghai. She pulled the team out of the mountain and returned to Sangzhi County, fighting the enemy while waiting for He Long to return home. Very easy to wait until1March, 928, He Ying led the troops to fight the reactionaries, and suddenly got a great news: He Long came back.

He Ying returned to Hongjiaguan with his entourage. When she met He Long, Zhou Yiqun, He Jinzhai and other leaders and shook hands, she shed tears with excitement. He Long smiled and said, "Sister, you should be happy that we are back. Why are you crying? " He Ying wiped her tears with a handkerchief and said, "I miss you so much. This is tears of joy. " He Long told her again: "Sister, we are now the producer of * * *." He Ying nodded again and again: "Good, good, good producer." When she was in Wuhan, she came into contact with Zhou Yiqun and listened to his propaganda of the * * * production party. She has always had a crush on the producers of * * *.

He Ying gave his weapons and main force to He Long, leaving only some short spears and more than 20 brothers to fight guerrilla warfare. She sometimes appears somewhere, riding a big white horse and carrying two guns, openly negotiating with some local armed leaders; Sometimes, I carry a basket, pretend to be a vendor selling needle and thread, and suddenly appear in the young lady's room in the big house, and I know the regiment defense chief somewhere through the introduction of the young lady; Sometimes disguised as a peasant woman who cuts cattle grass and pulls pig grass, she climbs over streams, goes deep into mountains, and goes deep into the nest of fugitives. By doing in-depth and meticulous ideological work, she persuaded the protagonist to turn over a new leaf and go to He Long. She often only takes Gong Lianxiang and Zhang with her at this time.

He Ying assists He Long in his work. More than a month later, he mobilized the masses, incorporated the old army and assembled more than 3,000 people to form a revolutionary army of workers and peasants, with He Long as the commander, Huang Ao as the chief of staff and He Jinzhai as the teacher. When the base area of Hunan and Hubei was founded, the revolutionary army of workers and peasants gained a firm foothold and was attacked by the enemy. 1in July, 928, He Long led the revolutionary army of workers and peasants to fight guerrillas in Shimen, Lixian and Songzi, but Sangzhi only left some local staff and guerrillas to persist in the struggle. As soon as the main force left, local corps, local tyrants and evil gentry, hooligans and local ruffians all became active, frantically killing party member and the families of the Red Army. At this time, He Ying was the leader of the guerrillas. In public, everyone calls her "Commander" and usually calls her "Sister Xiang". She led guerrilla activities in Luo Yu, Longtanping, Simenyan in Sangzhi, Yanya in Hefeng, Zheping, Taiping and No.72, mobilized the masses, contacted some local armed forces and dealt with the enemy skillfully. One day in August of the lunar calendar, He Ying led the Hefeng guerrillas to fight guerrilla warfare in Sangzhi Luo Yu. The mountains are high and the forests are dense, and the terrain is dangerous. The enemy is not easy to enter and the mass base is good. He Ying works with farmers, and sometimes he has to go up the mountain to "catch up", so it is not easy to expose the target. It's just that the news is blocked and it's difficult to get in touch with the outside world.

She sent some scouts one after another, pretending to be ordinary people and asking about the situation everywhere. They came back and said some bad news.

For example, He Long troops suffered setbacks in Shimen area, especially chief of staff Huang Ao and teachers He Jinzhai were killed one after another. Newspapers in Nanking and Changsha boasted of "destroying the generals of the army" and "cutting off He Long's arms". When the news reached the county, Chen Cexun, the leader of * * *, got carried away and suppressed the revolution by hook or by crook. He Ying's distant sister-in-law Tang Xiaomei and her close sister He Mangu were both killed by the enemy.

At this moment, the main force led by He Long has also fallen into an extremely difficult period. They fought guerrilla warfare in Shimen area and were frustrated several times. There are only more than 200 people and more than 70 guns left in the whole army, and they retreated from the north and south docks to the mountainous area around Yanya at the junction of Sangzhi and Hefeng to persist in their struggle. A regiment of more than 600 Kuomintang troops, Jiang Wenzhou, made a step-by-step blockade and carried out a cruel encirclement and suppression of the Red Army.

He divided his troops into several parts very early and fought in the mountains. As the enemy's encirclement and suppression intensified, it increased the difficulties of the Red Army, and it was impossible to go home every day and sleep at night. In just over a month, it moved to 23 places. Especially in winter, the soldiers are still wearing light clothes, the cold wind is whistling, the snow is falling, and everyone is shivering with cold. Walking over mountains and mountains, living in caves, without food, I had to eat bark and grass roots and live an inhuman life. The more difficult the Red Army is, the more the enemy narrows the encirclement, threatening that "if you don't kill the Red Army in the mountains, you will be trapped in the mountains." He Ying got the news that He Long was trapped in the mountains and called his men to discuss rescue measures. Everyone agreed to make a long-distance raid to support the main force.

So, they took the usual long-distance attack way, hit a few local tyrants in Shadaogou, 40 miles away, got a lot of silver dollars, cloth, cotton, bacon, food and so on, and transported them to Yanyu Mountain by mule and horse manpower. I met them in Helong and Yanyan, and I was very excited. I said, "Sister Xiang's timely assistance solved the big problem." He Ying also suggested: "It is not the way to hide in the mountains all the time. If the team wants to play, it is not a team. " He Long and his comrades accepted He Ying's suggestion. Brother He Yingtong lived in Yanya for two days and still returned to the ear cutting platform. Soon, He Long was ordered to rectify the troops, strengthen political and ideological work, and improve the combat effectiveness of the troops. They withdrew their troops from Yanya, crossed Shadaogou, and came to the black hole in Xianfeng County. They outwitted Wang Jiaying and seized many guns. Then they raided Jianshi City, suppressed Jianshi county magistrate, and collected Zongyu Chen's magic soldiers in Wuyang Pass. Hefeng county was liberated in the spring of 1929, and Sangzhi county was liberated in May. The Red Army is developing day by day and the base areas are consolidating day by day.

1July, 930, He Long led the main force of the Red Army to Honghu in the east and joined forces with Zhou Yiqun and Duan Dechang in Hubei Public Security Station. According to the instructions of the Central Committee, the Red Second Front Army was established. Since then, the mountainous area has been connected with the lake area, and the base areas in western Hunan and Hubei have developed unprecedentedly.

1in the autumn of 932, the Kuomintang reactionaries carried out a cruel encirclement and suppression of the Soviet area. At this time, the main force of the Red Army was far away in Honghu Lake, and the Soviet area in the Hunan-Hubei border region was brutally destroyed by the Kuomintang regular army and the regiment defense forces. 10 One day in June, Shadaogou's regiment broke away, and Zhang Huanran led 100 people to surround the ear cutting platform. He Ying had to lead the troops to move and hide in the nitrate cave in Shijiahe. The enemy was out of breath and turned away. The guerrillas had nothing to eat in the cave, so they had to send people out to get supplies. Everyone is scrambling to get out. Finally, He Ying went out with Zhang and some clever young people. They were taken in by the enemy this time, but they didn't expect the enemy to turn around and leave. Not long after, a comeback came back and caught the female soldier Zhang. After Zhang was arrested, the enemy tortured her and asked her to give up the whereabouts of He Ying. Zhang suffered a lot and kept his mouth shut all the time. She knew that He Ying, Xu Huanran, Xiang Liansheng, Xiao, Xiang Chuhan and others were hiding in the cave. If the enemy knew their whereabouts, they would catch the gang. She would rather sacrifice her life than betray a good comrade. On the evening of May 5th, 1933, He Ying and his men were stationed in Dong Zhe Bay. As Xu was the informant, the joint defense captain Qin Fuzhai, the magic captain Wu Dakun and Shen led more than 300 people to surround it. The enemy killed sentry Tang Youqing first, and then fired at the house with dense bullets.

He Ying was sleeping. When he heard the gunshot, he didn't even have time to put on his clothes. He grabbed the gun from the bed and fought fiercely with the enemy. He Ying calmly pulled out two guns, fired two strings of bullets at the attacking enemy from the window, and beat the enemy back to the bamboo forest. She ordered a group of strong players to guard the gate, and asked her second sister He to lead the wounded and their families and cover them to retreat quickly from the back door.

He Wu Mei, with a spear in his hand, led these disabled and frail people out of the back door and made a hidden breakthrough. In order to cover everyone's safe retreat, she shot at the enemy continuously, so that the enemy did not dare to approach, and the wounded and their families were able to retreat. However, she was shot in the waist and was unfortunately injured. She tenaciously grasped the wound and continued to fight. The bullets soon ran out. Sister Wu drew a broadsword and started hand-to-hand combat with the enemy who pounced on her. After cutting down several enemy troops, because they were outnumbered, they were stabbed in the hip by bayonets, and then stabbed in the ribs and abdomen by several bayonets, bleeding profusely and lying there in a coma.

At this time, He Yingzheng was clutching his double guns and guarding the front door, leading the guerrillas to wage a fierce battle with the enemy. Suddenly, a bullet hit her thigh and she fell to the ground with a bang. Xu Huanran bandaged her, only to see her strong right leg bleed profusely, and the bullet pierced a black hole in her white thigh. Xu Huanran took off her belt, tied it at the root of He Ying's thigh, and then wrapped the wound on her thigh with a white cloth. She was about to leave on her back. A bullet grazed He Ying's ribs and hit Xu Huan's shoulder. She can't carry on her back, so she has to put it down. While letting Xu Huanran go first, He Ying continued to fight back and said eagerly, "How can I leave the combat post at this time? I will cover, and you will break through quickly! " In spite of the pain, she continued to fight. "Bang, bang, bang, bang" and "Mao, Mao" bullets rang.

The fighting was fierce, and the casualties of the players were increasing. He Long's two nephews were also injured. He Ying's wound is painful, and blood keeps flowing from it. She gritted her teeth and encouraged her comrades: "Persistence is victory, and our people will come at dawn." She fought bravely with the guerrillas and stopped the enemy from advancing. Gradually, the fish belly in the east turned white, and she knew that the guerrillas and red guards nearby would come to the rescue when they heard the gunshots.

Just then, two bullets hit He Ying's abdomen. One hit the left navel and the other shot into the abdomen. One of the lower abdomen was blown up, and He Ying's lower abdomen was blown up with a hole, and the intestines suddenly flowed out for more than a foot. He Yingming understands that his time is running out. She calmly pinched her intestines and stuffed them back into her stomach. Then he asked someone to wrap his injured stomach tightly with a white cloth one foot wide, and called his eight-year-old nephew who had been following him since He Mangu's sacrifice to Xiang Xuan. Holding back the pain of the wound, he handed Xiang Xuan two guns and said, "Four baskets, don't cry, go to the Red Army, find your uncle and avenge him ..." Then he ordered Xu Huanran and others to retreat.

Xiang Xuan took the gun and retreated with Xu Huanran and others in tears.

Seeing that everyone was retreating, He Ying picked up a gun and fought with the enemy. As time went on, the white bandage wrapped around her abdomen was completely soaked with blood, and her consciousness gradually blurred. Suddenly, an enemy bullet hit Sister Xiang in the chest and pierced her heart. She fell down forever, and she dedicated everything to the people here.

Qin Fuzhai finally rushed into the room with people, only to see He Yingfeng sitting in a pool of blood with his back against the wall, with two guns in his hand. Not afraid of the fame of He Ying, no one dares to go forward and check. Qin Fuzhai also ordered people to put a row of guns on He Ying, and when He Ying didn't respond, he realized that He Ying was really dead.

Qin Fuzhai ordered He Ying's body and He Ying, who was seriously injured and unconscious, to be carried to the county seat to receive the reward. Walking to a paddy field outside the village, I suddenly heard the hole behind me screaming and killing into the sky. It turned out that Xu Huanran came back with reinforcements from the Red Guards. In desperation, Qin Fuzhai cut off He Ying's head with one knife and held it in his hand, then cut off He Ying's head and killed him. Then they ordered two women's limbs to be cut off, and a dozen Tuanding each carried a corpse to speed up their escape. Xu Huanran and others recaptured the cave head, but the bodies of the two sisters He Ying were gone. The next day, the enemy issued a notice, claiming that "the giant bandit He Xiangu and others have been killed", and the heads, dismembered limbs and naked trunks of Sister He Ying were hung in four doors for public display.

Knowing that the elder sister He Ying and the second sister He died heroically, they were also dismembered and shown to the public. He Long was heartbroken and begged He Lai to collect the body. He said, "If you take some money, there will always be some bone residue left. Clean it up. "

With the help of local people, the remains of martyrs were collected, stitched and buried. After liberation, the remains of martyrs were moved and buried in the martyrs cemetery.