Is the commemorative coin of Empress Dowager Cixi in Qing Dynasty collectible?

The landlord took a look at the fake from the craft. But what is certain is that the commemorative coins of Empress Dowager Cixi in Qing Dynasty are genuine, very rare royal commemorative coins!

The so-called "coinage" is not only an absurd joke, but also a very low-level lie! ! !

(Supplementary revised draft)

This paper focuses on the "forgery" of ancient mechanism silver coins, as well as other ancient mechanism coins.

It is extremely irresponsible for brick experts to identify ancient mechanism silver coins now! They can't identify and explain the ancient mechanism silver coins that they haven't seen the real thing and can't consult the catalogue, but they don't want to put down their shelves and lose face, so they fabricated the so-called "coinage" to clear their names and "cover their shame" for their ignorance! In fact, the so-called "coinage" is not only an absurd joke, but also a very low-level lie! The reason for this is the following：

First, in fact, there can be no so-called mechanism silver coin "counterfeit money" in history.

1, without any interest drive, it is impossible for anyone to engage in the so-called mechanism silver coin "counterfeiting".

Before discussing this issue, we must first find out what is a mechanism silver coin, what is a real coin and what is a counterfeit coin. What is the so-called mechanism silver coin "coinage"? There is no doubt that mechanism silver coins are legal mechanism silver coins and commemorative coins issued and cast by the government. On the contrary, it is a mechanism of silver coin counterfeiting. According to the comments of the bricklayer in the Encyclopedia, "The so-called coinage refers to coins made by counterfeiters out of thin air. Unlike ordinary coin imitations, there is no reference and it is purely fake. " Accordingly, the so-called mechanism silver coin "counterfeit money" refers to the mechanism silver coin made by counterfeiters out of thin air. Since it is a mechanism silver coin made by a "forger", it must be counterfeit according to fair and normal logic. Imagine, in the era of real money and silver, it is ridiculous to use real money to fabricate counterfeit money, which obviously cannot convince the public. Brick makers then tried to make the so-called "counterfeit money" bypass the sensitive word "counterfeit money" and attach a new definition of "counterfeit money", that is, the so-called "counterfeit money" is neither real money nor counterfeit money, but a kind of "counterfeit money" that is not true or false! In other words, "counterfeit money" is not "counterfeit money"! At first glance, this is almost inhuman logic! But the bricklayers tried to confuse the audience with "counterfeit money" instead of "counterfeit money" and trick them into "passing the customs"! To make everyone believe such a low-level and absurd lie, the bricklayer will deceive everyone again. First fabricated "counterfeit money has no truth, why is it fake?" And "guide" everyone to understand the so-called "counterfeit money" along their own way of thinking, and at the same time fabricate and "quote" a large number of so-called "stories" that do not actually exist in history, and deliberately distort historical facts as the so-called "facts of making counterfeit money". The so-called shattered glass, worse! First of all, the so-called "counterfeit money is not real, how can it be fake?" This statement is a false proposition that does not hold water at all. Since it is "making money", the premise must be to create "money" and imitate the appearance of "money". Therefore, although it is not imitating a real coin, it is imitating the basic characteristics of the real coin, and its essence is the imitation of the real coin, that is, "counterfeit money." As for an imitation of a real coin, it should be called "fake XX coin" accurately. This is just like the scarecrow made up by farmers to scare birds. Although it is not a "fake XX person" made by imitating a specific real person, it is definitely a "dummy" made by imitating the basic characteristics of real people. Who will say that the scarecrow made up by farmers to scare birds is "not true, how can it be false?" ",so it's not a dummy? The answer is naturallyno. In addition, no matter how hard the bricklayer tries, he can never hide the fact that the dictionary annotation of the word "pseudo" is "illegal". Fake. " No other meaning. In other words, "counterfeit money" actually means "counterfeit money". Truth and fallacy are two opposites. Things in the world are either true or false, and coins are no exception. The logic of "counterfeit money that is not true or false" by bricklayers is so absurd that it is even more impossible for real goods to exist! If it is not necessary to assume that the so-called mechanism "counterfeit money" exists, then it is not just counterfeit money, but a counterfeit money that is less valuable than the "imitation" counterfeit money with a concrete prototype of real money! Because imitations with specific real money prototypes can still fool people who can't identify the real counterfeit money technology, and fake "counterfeit money" doesn't exist because there is no specific official original money, then no one will believe it, no one can fool it, even the value of "cheating" is gone, and there are still illegal risks and shady waste products! Imagine, in the era when real money was circulating, making such so-called "counterfeit money" with real money was equivalent to investing a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources to turn real money with circulation value into illegal dangerous goods without "deceptive value"! Don't doubt that no one would do such a ridiculous and stupid thing!

2. The authenticity of ancient machine-made silver coins depends on the characteristics of coinage technology. The so-called "counterfeit money" legalization process is impossible except for the official!

The official coinage technology of ancient silver coins is: large machine tool stamping, external teeth extrusion into the mold, and one-time molding with the whole coin. This technology was the official state secret of coinage at that time. Because the tooth slot is a groove with two high ends and a low middle, if the whole coin is cast and pressed at one time, the imitator can't realize demoulding after the side teeth are squeezed into the mold, so there is still no high imitation! However, with the continuous improvement of imitation technology, the so-called characteristics on which the traditional identification methods are based are now what high imitation can do, and the identification of the authenticity of ancient mechanism silver coins has lost its practical significance! Therefore, at present, the most important and crucial basis for identifying the authenticity of ancient mechanism silver coins is the official coinage process characteristics of "coin face and external teeth are cast and pressed at one time". The concrete manifestations are as follows: the external teeth of each genuine machine-made silver coin are composed of a variety of exquisite cast teeth, which are full of pressure and naturally transition; Due to the stamping of large machine tools, the seam pressing at the tooth end is random, soft and uneven, and the whole is regular, but the shape details are different. The transition cambered surface between the external teeth and the coin surface is solid and round, the lines are natural and smooth, the casting and pressing forming characteristics are obvious, and there is no trace of secondary processing; All the main teeth are extruded into the mold, solid and full, smooth and round! The whole coin is in one go, one integrated mass! It should be emphasized that all the secondary processing methods of machine-made silver coins are actually imitation processes, and the teeth with shoulder files are counterfeit, and the so-called "edge rolling" is even more ridiculous!

Most of the so-called "counterfeit money" in the brick house mouth are very rare and precious royal commemorative coins! Judging from the authenticity of the royal commemorative coins that have been published, it not only conforms to the core technological characteristics of the official mechanism of one-time casting and pressing of silver coins! Moreover, on the same silver coin, there are many kinds of external teeth formed by casting and pressing, and the technology is complex and exquisite; The pressure on the coin surface is enough and the composition is perfect; The number of times you recite it is exquisite and profound! It shows that the casting technology level is much higher than the official commonly used mechanism currency! It shows that at that time, the official requirements and attention to the casting process of this kind of commemorative coins were much higher than those of the official ordinary mechanism coins!

For example, the "Qing Cixi Commemorative Coin" was arbitrarily defined as "counterfeit money" by brick experts such as Li, but in fact it is certain that the Qing Cixi Commemorative Coin is genuine! First of all, the external teeth of the real commemorative coin must have been squeezed into the mold and formed on the coin surface at one time, which fully met the core technological characteristics of the official coinage at that time! Moreover, on the same silver coin, there are many kinds of casting teeth, and the technology is complex and exquisite! After the coin face is enlarged, you can also see that many special parts of the font are cast with yin triangle and yang triangle, and some fonts also have yin circle and yang circle, which makes the font more powerful and beautiful! It should also be emphasized that some key parts of the font are also cast with special mnemonics symbolizing the special power and status of Cixi! All mnemonics are unique in conception, subtle and profound in meaning! Every scale of the dragon body on the back is cast with anti-counterfeiting lines! Exquisite workmanship, amazing! Let imitators fall behind! Let every detail of imitation be full of flaws! If an expert can see the genuine workmanship of this coin, the imitation is fake at first sight, no suspense! This coin was officially issued as a non-circulating commemorative coin after the death of Empress Dowager Cixi. Because the circulation was not much at that time, it was rare to survive the vicissitudes of life! Bricklayers have no chance to see their true colors! Some people list it as one of the top ten treasures of mechanism silver coins! One yuan in kind is hard to find, and its value is immeasurable!

It can be seen that the casting process of these royal commemorative coins, which are characterized as so-called "counterfeit money" by bricklayers, is extraordinary! To cast these so-called "counterfeit money" whose technological level far exceeds the official mechanism of currency circulation, who can do it unofficially? You know, the external tooth technology of machine-made coins made by one-time casting and pressing with the coin surface is strictly controlled by the government! Except for the official, don't say that the royal commemorative coins are fabricated out of thin air. Even if the common mechanism circulates coins, the "high imitators" copy according to the original model. Until now, they are still far behind the real external tooth technology. Therefore, it is impossible for these exquisite royal commemorative coins to be unofficially issued and cast!

3. In the era of torture, it is impossible for anyone to dare to "fake" the so-called mechanism silver coins.

Faced with the doubt that it is impossible for people to master the official coin-making technology of real money and silver, brick makers have to fabricate more absurd lies in order to further justify themselves, that is, "the purpose of making counterfeit money is to use the curiosity of foreign collectors to deceive foreign collectors" and "counterfeit money is a play of coin-making workers in their leisure and boredom". However, these two statements of the bricklayer can only be "wishful thinking"! Not to mention the foreigners who had the ability and financial resources to travel across the ocean to China to "seek novelty" in those years, what they wanted to "seek novelty" in the official authentic products, not "garbage". They are all clever collectors and businessmen, who have done their homework and prepared for the official coinage in China. They must know the official currency of China like the back of their hand. It is impossible for them to cheat! Even if they really meet the so-called "treasures" that they are not sure about, these savvy collectors will definitely get the official institutions at that time for consultation and appraisal before trading. How easy is it to cheat them? ! As for saying that "coinage is a game for coiners in leisure and boredom", it is a big lie! First, because China's industry was extremely backward at that time, all coinage equipment and molds could only be imported from the west, and the structure of coinage molds was directly related to the core technology of external teeth formed by one-time casting of official coins at that time, which was a state secret! So at that time, the official attached great importance to the coin model and strictly controlled it! It is impossible for assembly line workers to come into contact with the uncut original embryo of imported coins, let alone carve the so-called "counterfeit" coins. Second, the structure of the coin mold is extremely complicated. The carving of the coin mold pattern (especially the external tooth pattern) should be flawless and accurate. The high carving accuracy and difficulty are beyond the ordinary people's ability! At that time, the official coin molds were all completed by western professional sculptors! As an ordinary worker on the workshop assembly line, it is absolutely impossible to have the ultra-difficult carving skills of carving the so-called "counterfeit" coin mold; Thirdly, under strict monitoring, it is absolutely impossible for workers to complete the complicated process of disassembly-installation-disassembly-reassembly in a short rest time. Coin-casting mold is not only extremely complicated in structure, but also involves the core secret of coin-casting. Dismantling and installing it is not only difficult, but also can only be carried out after the "protective device" is opened by the official designated professional and technical personnel. It is by no means that coin minters can disassemble and assemble at will! Besides, who can, and who dares to change the mold engraved with "illegal forbidden drawings" and cast "counterfeit money" in front of the supervisor? ! Fourth, the calculation of coin silver embryo is accurate, and the supervision of all aspects of casting is strictly controlled. It is almost impossible for workshop workers to "steal silver". How can it be used as a "joke"? ! Fifth, strictly control the access to the mint workshop, and never allow "illegally played" "works" to be taken out of the mint workshop. What's more, in the era of feudal torture, counterfeiting is a capital crime! To "fabricate" the portrait counterfeit money of the emperor, queen mother and relatives of the country out of thin air is to be caught by the nine families! During the Republic of China, casting royal commemorative coins for the Qing Dynasty, which was just overthrown, meant that it was still singing praises for the royal family of the Qing Dynasty. Its essence is to support the "restoration", which was very sensitive at that time and absolutely forbidden! Even if we don't get rid of Jiuzu, we can't avoid being ruined and ruined! Excuse me, bricklayers, who was challenging the people of China at that time? Who would be stupid enough to win the favor of foreign collectors by risking the lives of Jiuzu or losing everything? I'd like to ask the bricklayers again, who dared to mint money at that time? Who would be stupid enough to exchange the life of Jiuzu or the risk of losing everything for the pleasure of "acting" just because they are idle and bored? ! There is no doubt that these two statements of the bricklayer are sheer nonsense!

As the saying goes, "Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you". Collectors at home and abroad like "curiosity" from time to time, especially now! It stands to reason that there is no torture in today's society, and there is no shortage of people with financial resources and ability. Making "counterfeit money" is a good opportunity, but no one has ever made contemporary "counterfeit money" with "special patterns" printed on it with today's official coinage technology! The reason is simple: I can't do it (no technology)! Dare not engage in (illegal)! Don't want to do it (useless)! Imagine, with so many "favorable conditions" today, it is even more impossible to do stupid things that no one has done before. Bricklayers should never "impose" the ancients! But maybe the bricklayers will, so please ask them to "show themselves" with their own practical actions. We will wait and see!

Secondly, there are many "fatal" misunderstandings in the appraisal method of ancient mechanism silver coins, and the appraisal conclusion is bound to be wrong.

1. Bricklayers are still using outdated traditional identification methods to identify ancient mechanism silver coins, which is extremely unscientific.

With the development of society today, the imitation technology of mechanism silver coins is not what it used to be! Brick experts' judgment on the true and false characteristics of ancient mechanism silver coins can be said to be putting the cart before the horse, putting the cart before the horse, and avoiding the heavy! They don't talk about the most critical technical feature that the genuine external teeth of the mechanism silver coin and the whole coin on the coin face are made by casting and pressing at one time, which is impossible to imitate until now (maybe they don't understand it at all, let alone distinguish it! This has a lot to do with their lack of understanding of the principle of mechanical casting! ), or use the outdated traditional identification method: from the characteristics of material, patina, coin surface pattern, character modeling, coin surface pressure and so on to make the so-called analysis and judgment. However, with the passage of time and the improvement of imitation technology, these so-called functions are no longer "special" now, and all of them can be done by high imitation products now! Therefore, we must not take these so-called characteristics as the authoritative basis for judging the authenticity of ancient mechanism silver coins. Brick makers don't keep pace with the times, but they stick to the rules and stick to their own opinions! We are still using outdated traditional methods to identify ancient silver coins, which does not meet the objective requirements of the development of the times, is extremely unscientific, and the appraisal conclusion is bound to be wrong!

2. It is extremely unprofessional for bricklayers to identify the authenticity of mechanism silver coins only by their own knowledge supplemented by the method of "questioning three generations".

The authentication of mechanism currency must be professional and accurate, and we must never pretend to know how to put on airs, relying only on our own knowledge and supplemented by the method of "questioning the three generations". Isn't it true that bricklayers haven't seen it? In fact, for rare currencies, especially some rare treasures, how many people can see the real thing with a population of more than one billion? Much lower than the probability of winning the lottery! Experts are just a member of the general public, just read more professional books, and the probability of encountering genuine products is the same as that of the general public, which depends largely on fate! This is the same reason that lottery experts may not win the lottery prize. Therefore, bricklayers need not be ashamed of unknown coins! You don't have to pretend to be omnipotent and omniscient, and still try your best to clear the name of the unknown and refer to the deer as a horse. This is self-defeating, full of loopholes and a laughing stock! As the saying goes, "A threesome must have a teacher", what's more, China has a population of over one billion. No matter how clever experts and scholars are, there are absolutely blind spots in personal knowledge that others have mastered and are good at. Some people can definitely identify the wrong point of view, and the public is the best referee! Therefore, any bricklayer and scholar should not pretend not to understand, which will lead to a lot of abuse, and the public will not believe what they say as a result! In fact, real experts can learn with an open mind and keep charging. Isn't it more respected and lovely? ! In addition, is it practical to question the origin of coins after three generations? The collector fabricated a story about "royalty", and its imitation is true. Is it true? How many collectors will tell the truth to prove that their collections are genuine? As the saying goes, "heroes don't ask the source", it's really not fake, and it can't be fake. What is the relationship between the authenticity of money and the source channel? Since you are an "expert", please make an objective judgment directly on the basis of authority, science and serving the public. Are bricklayers using the method of "asking" in the "Four Diagnoses of Traditional Chinese Medicine" for reference to identify cultural relics? That's funny! Don't bricklayers feel guilty for identifying the authenticity of mechanism silver coins only by their own knowledge and supplemented by the method of "questioning three generations"? ! Do you believe your conclusion? !

3. Lack of directory records. Brick experts regard the existence of catalogue records as the basis for judging whether a mechanism silver coin has been issued or not, and come to the conclusion of so-called "coinage", which is extremely absurd!

According to the bricklayer's point of view, silver coins will not be officially issued unless the mechanism recorded in the official catalogue is found. What is puzzling is why we can't find the corresponding "counterfeit record" (here refers to the real historical record, not the bricklayer's own "fabricated history"). ), but the bricklayers insist that they are "coining"? ! Without any historical evidence, how do bricklayers know that they must be "fabricated"? ! There is only one answer: the bricklayer is lying! Objectively speaking, whether at home or abroad, no matter which version, the compilation of directory records will be restricted by various objective conditions, and there will be more or less deficiencies. For the mechanism of royal commemorative coins, there are many possibilities for the loss of catalogue records: either the record is missing; Or because of the wrong version, currency circulation and other reasons, it is officially prohibited from being included; The most important thing to think about is whether the royal commemorative coins are included in a special book to show their preciousness, and whether the whole book is lost because of war or other political reasons. This is entirely possible. Otherwise, how can it be recorded in foreign catalogs and not in domestic catalogs? But in any case, as long as the craft of money is true, it will not be fake. Whether people in later generations can find relevant catalogue materials is restricted by many objective conditions, and it is absolutely impossible to judge the "life" and "death" of a currency by whether they can find catalogue records. In fact, this view has been confirmed: many so-called "counterfeit money" that were previously characterized by bricklayers as not recorded in the catalogue have now been found in foreign historical materials such as Klaus World Rare Coin Catalogue, and they have "identity cards". I believe that the bricklayer who first put forward the concept of "coinage" never dreamed that he might spend his whole life looking for these rare commemorative coins recorded in domestic books due to the limitations of conditions. Now in the Internet age, everyone can easily find it in foreign catalogs! How would he feel if he were still alive and knew about it? ! As for the bricklayer who followed the trend to define "coinage" in the later period, it was purely "listening to the wind and rain". If they are lucky enough to see the exquisite craftsmanship of these rare silver coins (provided they understand them), or see the catalogue records of these rare silver coins, I really don't know if they will be ashamed. Or continue to cover up your shame and ugliness, still deliberately "refer to the deer as a horse", and eventually become a sinner who misleads and abandons precious coins and cultural relics? As an expert and scholar in archaeology, you must first have "real kung fu"! In the face of objective facts, we should correctly treat the wrong views and remarks of our predecessors caused by objective conditions, correct them in time, and never blindly follow them. We should not deliberately distort historical facts in order to safeguard personal "face" and "prestige", regardless of the "face" of our ancestors, which is extremely irresponsible for exploring the history of our ancestors' coin-making civilization! You are also not allowed to study!

Third, the current research on the identification of ancient mechanism silver coins must uphold the correct professional ethics in order to live up to the mission of the times.

At present, it is urgent to change the present situation of the identification research of ancient silver coins. The most important thing is that experts and scholars must correct their learning attitude, seriously study and study the coin-making technology of the official institution of one-time casting and pressing of silver coins, and accurately grasp the application in the practice of silver coin identification. For the currency recorded in the existing catalogue, it is only necessary to directly judge the authenticity according to the technical characteristics of the real currency; For currencies that are not recorded in the catalogue, the following scoring processing will be carried out: genuine coins that fully meet the technical characteristics of genuine products are genuine coins and listed as "genuine coins missing from the catalogue to be tested", and relevant catalogue records will be supplemented and improved after the real reason why the currency is not recorded in the catalogue is found; It is counterfeit money that does not meet the characteristics of genuine products, and it is listed as "Catalogue, and genuine products are missing counterfeit money to be tested". Further study is made on whether the currency of this counterfeit money really exists and where does this counterfeit money come from? Don't jump to the conclusion that any currency "makes money" before you know the historical truth. Tracing back to the source, we should try our best to restore the truth of the history of coins. As ancient coin researchers, we are duty-bound! Instead of putting the cart before the horse, on the other hand, according to the existence of missing directory records, it is very imprecise to deny the real thing that has been presented in front of us! If you can do this, then why dig archaeology? Isn't it recorded in the catalogue that it is assumed that the cultural relics excavated in the ancient tomb are also fake and "fabricated"? That's ridiculous!

There is no word "coinage" in history, but the word "coinage" is "coinage"! Because of some rare currencies, the amount of casting was very rare in those years, and it was even rarer to be preserved from generation to generation! Because they have never seen the real thing, and because there is no record in the catalogue, faced with the unknown coins that they can't explain, the bricklayers failed to correct their learning attitude. In order to save face, they fabricated the so-called "fictional coins" as their "fig leaf"!