Can bats be adopted as pets? Tell me why.

Bats are second only to rodents in terms of species. Bats are found all over the world except in the North and South Poles and some remote ocean islands, with tropical and subtropical bats the most. Almost all bats rest during the day and look for food at night. Bats vary widely in color, fur texture and face shape. The wings of bats evolved from forelimbs in the process of evolution, and are composed of skin (wing membrane) connected between slender claws. Bats have noses like rodents or foxes. The outer ear protrudes forward, large and flexible. Bats have short necks, wide breasts and shoulders, well-developed breasts, slender hips and legs. Bats are covered with hair except the wing membrane, with different shades of gray, brown, brown or black on the back and lighter abdomen.

Bats are the only mammals that have evolved real flying ability, with more than 900 species. Most of them also have keen auditory localization (or echolocation) systems. The flying fox and the fruit bat are completely vegetarian. Most bats feed on insects. Because bats prey on a large number of insects, they play an important role in the balance of insect reproduction and may even help control pests. Some bats also eat fruit, pollen and nectar; Vampire bats in tropical America feed on the blood of mammals and large birds. These bats sometimes spread rabies. Bats are distributed all over the world. In the tropics, bats are extremely abundant, and they will be integrated into large groups in people's houses and public buildings.

Bats vary greatly in size. The largest flying fox bat's wingspan is 1.5m, while Kitty's pig-nosed bat's wingspan is only 15cm. Bats vary greatly in color, fur texture and facial appearance. The wings of bats evolved from forelimbs in the process of evolution. Each finger of the forelimb is extremely elongated except the thumb, and there is a flying membrane connecting the forearm and the upper arm down to the side of the body until the ankle of the lower limb. There are claws at the end of the thumb.

Most bats also have two membranes between their legs, consisting of dark and bare skin. Bats have noses like rodents or foxes. The outer ear protrudes forward, usually very large and elastic. Many bats also have nasal lobes, which are composed of skin and connective tissue and flap around or above their nostrils. It is believed that the alar affects vocalization and echolocation.

Bats have short necks; Broad chest and shoulders, developed chest muscles; And the hips and legs are slender. Except for the wing membrane, bats have hair all over their bodies, and their backs are gray, brown, brown or black with different shades, and their bellies are lighter in color. Bats living in open areas often have spots or mottled patches on their fur, and their colors are also different. Bats have different food habits, or prey, or help pollinate and spread fruits, thus affecting the natural order. Vampire bats are a serious problem for human beings. The excrement of insect-eating bats is used as fertilizer in agriculture.

The sexual cycle of the whole bat population is synchronous, so most mating activities take place within a few weeks. The gestation period is from June to July. Many kinds of female animals will move to a special habitat after pregnancy. Bats usually give birth to 1 to 4 cubs per litter. Babies are born hairless or hairless and often cannot see or hear for a period of time. Babies are cared for by their parents for 5 weeks to 5 months, depending on different species.

Almost all bats rest during the day and go out for food at night. This habit makes it easy for them to attack sleeping prey without being hurt by other animals or high temperature sunlight. Bats usually like to live in isolated places, such as caves, cracks, holes or buildings, and some live in trees and rocks. They always rest backwards. They usually gather in groups, ranging from dozens to hundreds of thousands. Bats with echolocation ability can produce short and high-frequency sound pulses, which will be reflected when they meet nearby objects. Bats can determine the location and size of prey and obstacles when they hear the reflected echoes. This skill requires a close combination of highly sensitive ears and vocal centers with auditory pathways. Individual bats can also communicate with each other in the form of sound pulses. A few bats rely on smell and vision to find food.

Although they have wings, they look like birds. But they have no feathers and don't lay eggs. They are mammals: females give birth to young and feed them with milk.

Some kinds of bats are masters of flying. They can turn around quickly in a narrow place. Bats are the only mammals that can fly with wings. Other flying mammals, like flying squirrels, just glide in the air by wing-shaped membranes! At night, bats find their way through sound waves and hunt. They emit sound waves that humans cannot hear. When the sound wave meets an object, it will return like an echo, so that bats can tell whether the object is moving or stationary and how far it is. Long-eared bats prey on flying insects and can also catch insects from leaves. Its big ears enable it to receive echoes.

There are all kinds of bats. They eat everything: including fruit, fish, pollen and even blood. Most bats prey on insects when flying at night, and each bat can distinguish its own sound waves, indicating that even if they prey with other bats, they will not be disturbed by other sound waves.

People often use the word "birds and beasts" to describe birds and mammals, but this statement is sometimes not necessarily correct, because some birds can't fly, such as ostriches, emus, kiwis and penguins. There are also some mammals that can't walk, such as whales living in the ocean. Bats can't walk on the ground like ordinary terrestrial mammals, but they can fly in the air like birds.

Bats are the only animals that can really fly. Although they don't have the feathers and wings like birds, and their flying ability is much worse than that of birds, their forelimbs are very developed, and their upper arms, forearms, metacarpals and phalanges are particularly long. From the end of phalanges to the humerus, sides, hind legs and tail, a thin and hairy soft and tough skin membrane is supported, forming a unique flying organ of bats-pterodactyl. There are also records about bats in ancient China, saying that they also lived in stalactite caves called fairy rats. Bats there can live forever because they can drink water from caves. After thousands of years, their body color has also changed greatly, from the initial dark color to white. I think that's why they are called fairy rats.

Bats have well-developed pectoral muscles, keel-like processes in sternum and well-developed clavicle, all of which are related to their special sports methods. It can fly well, but it needs to glide when it takes off, and it is difficult to fly again once it lands. When flying, the hind legs extend backwards to balance.

Bats generally have the habit of hibernating. During hibernation, their metabolic ability is reduced, their breathing and heartbeat are only a few times per minute, their blood flow is slowed down, and their body temperature is reduced to be consistent with the ambient temperature. However, their hibernation is not deep, and they sometimes excrete and eat during hibernation, and they can return to normal immediately after waking up. Their fertility is not high, and there is a phenomenon of "delayed fertilization", that is, fertilization does not occur during mating before hibernation, and sperm spend the winter in the female reproductive tract. After waking up in the next spring, the mating females begin to ovulate and fertilize, and then get pregnant and give birth.

Bats use ultrasonic waves to judge whether there are obstacles ahead, thus changing their flight paths. In the past, many people said that bats had poor eyesight, but it was actually a big misunderstanding. Recently, many scientists pointed out that bat's eyesight is not bad, and different kinds of bats have different eyesight. The use of ultrasound by bats is not necessarily related to their eyesight.

Bat is an ancient and specialized branch of mammals, named after its forelimbs have special wings. It is distributed all over the world except the North and South Poles and some ocean islands, with the most species and quantities in tropical and subtropical regions. Because of their ugly appearance and nocturnal habits, they always make people feel terrible. The original meaning of their names in foreign languages is frivolous mice. But in China, because the word "bat" is homophonic with the word "fu", it can still be loved by people, and its image is painted on New Year pictures.

There are more than 900 species of bats in the world, and there are about 8/kloc-0 species in China, which is the second largest mammal group after rodents. It can be roughly divided into two categories: big bats and small bats. Bats are distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the Old Hemisphere. They are large in size and primitive in body structure, including Muscidae, 1. Small bats are distributed in tropical and temperate regions of the Old Hemisphere and the Western Hemisphere. They are small in size and have more specialized body structures, including more than ten families, such as Batidae, hipposideridae, Batidae, Haemophagidae and Batidae.

[Edit this paragraph] Eating habits

Bats have various eating habits. Some species like nectar and fruit, others like to eat fish, frogs and insects, suck animal blood and even eat other bats. Generally speaking, big bats generally feed on fruits or nectar, while small bats mostly prey on insects.

Bats that feed on insects have echolocation systems to varying degrees, so they are called "live radars". With the help of this system, they can fly and catch food in complete darkness, use echolocation under a lot of interference, and send out ultrasonic signals without affecting normal breathing. There are structures called "nasal lobes" on the nose and mouth of their heads, and there are complex special skin folds around them. This is a peculiar ultrasonic device, which has the function of emitting ultrasonic waves and can continuously emit high-frequency ultrasonic waves. If you encounter obstacles or flying insects, these ultrasonic waves can be reflected back and then received by their extraordinary big auricles, so that the feedback information can be analyzed in their tiny brains. This kind of ultrasonic detection has high sensitivity and resolution, so that they can not only identify the direction and locate their own flight path according to the echo, but also identify different insects or obstacles for effective avoidance or pursuit. Bats can fly freely in the air with accurate echolocation and incomparably soft skin membrane, and even fly in a dexterous curve, constantly changing the direction of ultrasonic waves to prevent insects from interfering with their information systems and trying to escape.

Like other animals, many bats are becoming less and less in nature and tend to be extinct. Poisons and wood protectants used to kill insects kill them during hibernation, and many wrong ideas also make humans kill them in large numbers. Some kinds of hollow trees were cut down, and the ruins were torn down or rebuilt tightly, so they could not survive. Bats play an important role in maintaining the ecological balance of nature. All kinds of insect-eating bats can kill a large number of mosquitoes, moths, scarabs, nuns and other pests, and can prey on more than 3000 in one night, which is beneficial to human beings. The excrement collected by bats is also good fertilizer, which is very useful for agricultural production. The processed bat dung is called "night sand" and is a traditional Chinese medicine. Bat is still an important object to study the orientation, location and dormancy of animals, and the secret of its radiation technology has not been fully understood. Humans only know what bats can do, but they don't know how they do it, so it is imperative to save those endangered species.

Tips: 1 There are many kinds of bats, about 900 species in the world. The species and number of bats rank second among mammals, second only to rodents.

The wingspan of a small bat with a pig nose is only 1.4 cm, and the wingspan of a flying fox with a body as big as a puppy is 2 meters wide.

Some bats can fly at a speed of more than 50 kilometers per hour.

Bats can capture and distinguish 250 sets of echoes in 1 second. (Note: One round trip of sound waves is counted as one group. )

Since autumn, a layer of fat has accumulated in the lower abdomen of bats, and their weight has become more than 1.5 times that of summer before hibernation.

Some bats can fish, and Mexican harelip bats can catch more than 30 small fish in one night.

An insect-eating bat weighing 20 grams can eat 1.8-3.6 kilograms of insects a year.

A bat nest consisting of 100 bats.

[Edit this paragraph] Habitat

Bats live in caves, ceilings, partitions, tree holes and crevices in ancient buildings, while some fruit-eating bats in the south still hide behind the leaves of palm trees and banana trees. Some bat populations have thousands of bats together, some bats live together, and some bats live separately. Many bats living in the forest migrate to warm areas in winter, sometimes flying thousands of miles. Cave bats in temperate zones usually hibernate. Bats breed only once a year. In the early warm season, bats will give birth.

[Edit this paragraph] Medicinal value

It can be used as traditional Chinese medicine for chronic cough, malaria, gonorrhea, nebula, etc. Its feces is also a kind of Chinese medicine called Yemingsha, which is used for eye diseases.

"Bao Puzi" said: "The chitose bat is as white as snow, but its set is upside down and its brain is heavy. If you get it and put it in the shade at the end, it will be a long life. Wu's Materia Medica also said that bats "die in the shade in the long summer, which makes people see at night", and even said that bats "take it and serve it, so that people don't die".

A cave was found on the hillside of Huangjiagou, Guangou Village, Shuanglong Town, Xixia County, Henan Province. There is a century-old bat dung with medicinal value in the cave-"Yesha" cave is more than 600 meters deep, 15 meters wide and 40 centimeters narrow. In the cave, three or five groups of bats hang on the stone wall, and their excrement has accumulated nearly two meters thick and the color is like dark brown soil. According to reports, bat dung has the functions of clearing heat, improving eyesight and removing fire. After years of accumulation, its medicinal value is higher. According to experts' calculation, these bat droppings, which are called "luminous sand" in medicine, have a history of at least 100 years and weigh about 80 tons, which is rare in China.

1. Tang herbal medicine: Fuyi, with wings during the day. "Li Bencao" cloud, that is, rats are also. There is another cloud: there are no voles in Xiping Mountain, and they will be taken in November and December. Its brain dominates women's facial blisters.

2. "Outline": The performance of bats purifies people, and the prescriptions for treating gold sores are all beneficial, and their toxicity is known.

[Edit this paragraph] Bats and bionics

Bionics is a word formed by adding ics with engineering significance to the Greek bion with life significance. I started using it around 1960. The function of biology is far superior to any artificial machinery, and bionics is a subject to realize and effectively apply biological functions in engineering. For example, information reception (sensory function), information transmission (neurological function), automatic control system, etc. The structure and function of this organism give great inspiration to mechanical design. Examples of bionics can be cited, such as applying the body shape or skin structure of dolphins (which can prevent turbulence on the body surface when swimming) to the design principle of submarines. Bionics is also regarded as a discipline closely related to cybernetics, which mainly compares life phenomena with mechanical principles and studies and explains them.

Flies are the disseminators of bacteria, and everyone hates them. The wings of flies (also called balance bars) are "natural navigators", and people imitate them to make "vibrating gyroscopes". At present, this instrument has been applied to rockets and high-speed aircraft, realizing automatic driving. The fly's eye is a kind of "compound eye", which consists of more than 3000 small eyes. People imitate it and make a "fly-eye lens". "The fly's eyes.

At present, scientists know that animals in nature are mainly divided into two kinds of magnetic sensory orientation: one is a simple "compass" sensory function, based on the reaction between magnetite particles in the body and the external environment; The other is that some birds can accurately judge the flight direction according to the magnetic field intensity they "see" in different positions of the earth's magnetic field.

Ultrasonic positioning

Bats have a high ability to distinguish sounds, and their ears have the structure of ultrasonic positioning. Bats are the only mammals that can really fly. Perfect for living in the dark. Its eyes are almost useless. By emitting ultrasonic waves, it can distinguish objects according to the echoes reflected by them. When flying, the nose and mouth will emit an ultrasonic wave that humans can't hear, and will bounce back when encountering insects. After the bat receives it with its ears, it will know the specific location of its prey and catch it. The frequency of sound it can hear can reach 300 kHz/ sec, while the frequency of human is generally below 14 kHz/ sec.

Bats are born without sonar.

A few days ago, American researchers found that bats were not born with the ability to locate, prey and sail by sonar. The research team reached this conclusion by analyzing the oldest bat fossil discovered so far (about 52 million years ago). They analyzed its skeletal fossils and found that this bat has highly developed wings, but found no sign that it has the ability to emit sound waves. The researchers said that the research on bats will continue, but this discovery at least solved a long-standing debate in the scientific community. Can bats use sonar or fly first? The obvious answer is to fly first.

The famous "Spalla Jay's Bat Experiment"

1793 One night in the summer, Italian scientist Spalla went out and put some bats in cages to do experiments. I saw the bat shaking its limbs with film, flying lightly into the night sky and making a free "squeak" cry ... Spalla Jie was puzzled after seeing it, because before he released the bat, he had blinded the bat's eyes with a small needle. "How can a blind bat fly so fast?" He made up his mind to solve the mystery.

Before this experiment, Spalla Jay always thought that bats could fly freely in the night sky and avoid various obstacles to catch flying insects in very dark conditions. It must be because of a pair of very keen eyes. The reason why he wants to blind bats is to prove it. The fact was completely out of his expectation.

This unexpected situation aroused his curiosity even more. "Without eyes, how can bats identify obstacles and catch food?" So he blocked the bat's nose again and let it out. As a result, the bat flew easily. "Will the mystery be on the wings?" Spalla Jay painted a layer of paint on the bat's wings this time. However, this did not affect their flight at all.

Finally, Spalleger plugged the bat's ears again ... This time, the bats flying in the sky bumped into each other and fell down quickly. Spalla Jay just figured it out. It turns out that bats rely on hearing to determine their direction and capture their targets. A * * * did four experiments.

Spalleger's new discovery caused people's shock. Since then, many scientists have further studied this subject. Finally, people finally figured out that bats use "ultrasound" to navigate at night. The high-frequency sound waves emitted by its throat are inaudible to human ears. This sound wave travels in a straight line and returns as soon as it touches an object. They use their ears to receive the returned ultrasonic waves, so as to make accurate judgments and guide them to fly.

The scientific principle of "ultrasound" has been widely used in navigation, navigation and medicine.

Bats are good at flying in the air, and can do "aerobatics" such as turning around, braking suddenly and changing flight speed quickly. Bats, hiding in caves, tree holes or cracks in eaves; Flying in the air at dusk and night, preying on mosquitoes, flies, moths and other insects. Bats prey on a large number of pests, which are beneficial to people and should be protected.

In summer, the female bat gives birth to a fully developed larva. The newborn baby is covered with fluff, and its claws are firmly hung on its mother's chest to suck milk, so that it will not fall off when her mother flies.

The wings used by bats to fly. The structure of wings is different from that of birds, which is composed of skin membranes connected between forelimbs, hind limbs and tails. The second, third, fourth and fifth fingers of the forelimb are particularly long and suitable for supporting the skin membrane; The first finger is very small and grows outside the skin membrane, and there are claws at the end of the finger. The hind legs are short, with five toes and claws on the toes. When resting, I often hang my body upside down in a cave or under the eaves with my claws. When crawling on trees or the ground, grab rough objects with your forefinger and feet and move forward. Bat's skeleton is very light, with a protuberance on the sternum similar to the keel process of birds and muscles that affect the movement of its wings.

Bats have wide mouths and small sharp teeth, which are suitable for catching flying insects. Its vision is weak, but its hearing and touch are very sensitive. Some experiments have proved that bats find insects mainly by hearing. When a bat flies, it can produce ultrasonic waves in its throat and emit them through its mouth. When ultrasonic waves are reflected by insects or obstacles, bats can receive them with their ears, and can judge whether the detection target is insects or obstacles and how far it is. People usually call this way of bat detecting targets "echolocation". The signals emitted by bats during foraging, orientation and flight are composed of ultrasonic phonemes similar to language phonemes. Bats can only decide what to do next after receiving the echo and analyzing its acoustic characteristics such as amplitude, frequency and signal interval.

Bats rely on echo ranging to locate, and only send out a simple sound signal, which usually consists of one or two phonemes that appear repeatedly according to certain rules. When a bat is flying, the signal it sends out will be bounced by the object, forming echoes with different sound characteristics according to the nature of the object. Then the bat determines the nature and position of the object after analyzing the acoustic characteristics such as frequency, tone and interval of the echo.

Different parts of the bat brain can intercept different components of the echo signal. Some neurons in the bat brain are sensitive to the echo frequency, while others are sensitive to the time interval between two consecutive sounds. The cooperation of all parts of the brain enables bats to judge the characteristics of reflected objects. The flexibility and accuracy of bats in catching insects by echolocation are amazing. According to statistics, bats can catch an insect in a few seconds and a dozen insects in a minute. At the same time, bats also have amazing anti-interference ability. They can detect a special sound from the chaotic echo full of noise, and then quickly analyze and distinguish this sound to distinguish whether the object reflecting sound waves is an insect or a stone, or more accurately determine whether it is an edible insect or an inedible insect.

Twenty thousand bats live in the same cave and will not interfere with each other because there are too many ultrasonic waves in space. The accuracy and anti-jamming ability of bat echo positioning have important reference value for people to study and improve the sensitivity and anti-jamming ability of radar.

[Edit this paragraph] Symbolic significance

Bats (mammals; Also known as fairy mouse and flying mouse. It is shaped like a mouse, and its front and rear limbs are connected with the body through a film. It flies at night and preys on small insects such as mosquitoes and ants.

Yuan Zhen's poem "Long and Beautiful Mid-Autumn Festival" said: "The curtain breaks the firefly, and the window shows the bat flying." Bat province is called "Bat". Because "bat" and "fu" are homophonic, people use bats to express auspiciousness, which is auspicious. There are five bats in a folk painting, which means "five blessings".

In the past, there were often bat patterns on silk brocade. The velvet flowers worn by women at weddings and birthdays (such as "five bats holding a birthday") and some costumes and utensils are often shaped like bats.

Feng Menglong's Laughing Room. Bat riding on the wall: "Phoenix is beaming, hundreds of people are celebrating, and bats are not there." It says it is not a bird, but a quadruped. Later, it was Kirin's turn to celebrate his birthday. All the animals came to congratulate him, but the bat didn't come. This time it says it has wings and can fly. It is a bird, not a beast. This joke satirizes the bat as a cunning fence-sitter.

The Jingpo people in Yunnan Province generally believe that bats are a symbol of cunning. According to legend, in ancient times, the temperature of the sun was very high, and the animals on the ground were baked unbearable and cursed one after another. The sun was very angry and turned to heaven. From then on, the world was dark. So all the animals got together and agreed to raise some gold and silver to invite the sun out. When the bird raised money from the bat, the bat folded its wings and said that it was not a bird, but a mouse and did not want to donate. The mouse found it, patted its wings again and said it was a bird, not a mouse, and didn't donate money. So the bat didn't even donate a penny. Therefore, Jingpo people call those who are duplicitous, improvise, face to face, and behind their backs "bats".

In China culture, bats are definitely a symbol of "happiness", which can be found almost everywhere in many preserved ancient buildings, brick carvings and stone carvings, needless to say. But if people are called bats, there is no auspicious meaning in them. The legend above has made it very clear.

The operetta Bat (johann strauss)

A three-act comedy opera based on the German writer Benedict's comedy Prison, created by French Meyer and Allevi.

The manager of Vienna Theatre bought the script of Eve, asked hafner and Niet to adapt it into a three-act German operetta script suitable for performing in Vienna, and asked Austrian composer johann strauss to create the three-act operetta Bat. 1On April 5th, 874, the play premiered in Vienna Theatre.

The operetta Bat is the most famous operetta in johann strauss and one of johann strauss's representative works. His works are extremely artistic. /kloc-for more than 0/00 years, bats have entered the Grand Opera House with high artistic attainments, and have been the reserved repertoire of first-class opera houses in many countries. Every year before Christmas, the Vienna Opera House will stage a real "Vienna Opera"-johann strauss's operetta Bat.

The story of the bat is fascinating, the performance style is magnificent, and the performance characteristics are humorous. The Prelude to the Bat is a household name, and it has become a very popular classic since it came out. It is an indispensable repertoire in the concert.

[Edit this paragraph] Korean film Bat

bat

Thirst

Director: Park Chan-wook

Starring: Song Kanghao, Kim Woo Bin, Shin Ha-kyun, Jin Haishu and Huang Yuxi.

Type: Romance/Love

Length: 133 minutes

Level: No viewing for teenagers (Korea)

Release: CJ Entertainment (Release)

Release date: April 30, 2009 (Korea)

Bat is an emotional thriller about disrespect and infatuation, which tells the story of a respected priest who became a vampire due to an accidental virus infection and his love story with a married woman who is equivalent to his own daughter.

Song Kanghao plays a priest who becomes a vampire in the film, while Kim Woo Bin, a popular figure in TV series, plays a young woman who has fatal attraction to him-a vicious woman who kills her husband for love. The lust between the two is the focus of the film. South Korean media are optimistic that Kim Woo Bin will become "Tang Wei of South Korea" with this film, and their temperament is indeed somewhat similar.