I'm here, hydrogen, starting with the declaration of Changan CS75 hydrogen fuel vehicle.

In the development of various new energy sources, replacing gasoline with hydrogen is a more environmentally friendly concept. Hydrogen fuel has the advantages of zero pollution, renewable, fast hydrogenation and long battery life. Theoretically, it is necessary to explode petroleum and lithium batteries.

Japanese companies have always been in a leading position in the research and development of hydrogen-fueled vehicles. Recently, the application information of Changan Automobile CS75 hydrogen fuel vehicle was exposed on the website of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, which means that the vehicle will be officially released and put into production with high probability.

As soon as the news comes out, consumers may be a little dizzy. Do hydrogen-fueled cars burn hydrogen? What are the advantages and disadvantages? Where can I add hydrogen?

Hydrogen-fueled vehicles are also extended-range vehicles.

According to the declaration drawing, the appearance of the new car is basically the same as that of the fuel version of CS75, except that blue decorative strips representing environmental protection are added at the edge of the air intake grille, fog light strips, the interior of the car lights and the logo of the wheel hub.

According to the official introduction, the hydrogen storage tank of CS75 hydrogen fuel cell vehicle can pressurize the internal hydrogen to 70MPa, store more hydrogen, and it only takes five minutes to fill it up. In terms of power output, the new car uses proton exchange fuel cells and ternary lithium batteries to store energy. The maximum power of its driving motor is 150kW, the peak torque is 295Nm, the hydrogen consumption per 100km is 1kg/ 100km, and the power of the fuel cell system is 36kW. The maximum efficiency of the system is 55%, and the mileage can reach 450km (hydrogen)+

After reading this passage, how do you feel like Li's extended program model? Yes, the principle is the same, except that Li burns gasoline and the hydrogen fuel car burns hydrogen. Including Toyota Mirai, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are a mixture of "lithium battery" and "fuel cell engine". The only difference is who has more ingredients and who has less ingredients.

In fact, there are two kinds of hydrogen-powered cars. One is a hydrogen internal combustion engine car, which directly generates electricity to drive the car after hydrogen combustion. The other is a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, which means that hydrogen reacts with oxygen in the fuel cell to generate electric energy to drive the motor, which drives the vehicle. The former is very rare, because the hydrogen that vehicles can carry is limited and will be consumed soon. Changan CS75 hydrogen fuel cell vehicle belongs to Toyota Mirai.

At present, the technical parameters of the second-generation Toyota Mirai have also been announced: the new car is built on the GA-L rear-drive platform (Lexus LS platform) with a cruising range of 650km；; In terms of power, the new Mirai drive motor has a maximum power 184 HP and a maximum speed175 km/h; The most important hydrogen tanks have been upgraded to three, with a T-shaped layout under the rear seats and luggage. At the same time, the three hydrogen storage tanks can hold 5.6kg of hydrogen (4.6kg for the old model). This model is only sold in North America and Japan.

What is the operating cost of hydrogen-fueled vehicles? Take Toyota Mirai, which has been mass-produced, as an example. It can run 500 kilometers with a hydrogen tank filled with about 5,000 yen at a time, which is equivalent to about RMB 0.6 yuan/km, which is a bit expensive, almost the cost of a gasoline car, far higher than the driving cost of a pure tram.

Those factors that limit the development of hydrogen-fueled vehicles

In fact, there are many factors that restrict the popularization of hydrogen fuel vehicles, and the driving cost is only a negligible part.

First of all, if it is inconvenient to charge a pure tram, it may be even more inconvenient to add hydrogen.

Although it only takes 3-5 minutes to fill up with hydrogen, it will be much more difficult to find a hydrogen refueling station before hydrogen-fueled vehicles are fully popularized than to find a super charging station at present. Even in Japan, 1 1 companies including Toyota, Honda, JXTG Energy, Iwatani Industries and Japan Policy Investment Bank announced the establishment of a new company called "Japan Hydrogen Station Co., Ltd." (JHyM for short), but the number of hydrogen stations is still too small, and users often complain.

At the same time, users of pure trams can install charging piles at home, while users of hydrogen fuel vehicles cannot build their own hydrogen refueling stations. Hydrogen refueling stations are expensive, and private capital will not easily enter this field before the number of users has formed a scale.

Secondly, the current space layout problem of hydrogen-fueled vehicles leads to the shortage of available space in the car.

Hydrogen energy vehicles take up a lot of space because they carry a large hydrogen tank. A joke in Japan is that you can successfully build a 4-seater (Mirai) in a space of 8 seats (such as the length, width and height of Nissan Serena). For China people who are very concerned about the space inside the car, this may be even more unacceptable.

At present, hydrogen energy vehicles generally use normal temperature and high pressure hydrogen tanks, and too small a volume will affect the cruising range; If cryogenic liquid hydrogen is used for storage, the electric energy consumed by maintaining low temperature will consume 1/3 of the carrying energy. This is really a dilemma.

Third, people's psychological acceptance.

Although hydrogen fuel cells are safer than lithium batteries, ordinary people still talk about "hydrogen" discoloration and dare not try it easily. The places where hydrogen remains in hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are mainly battery packs and hydrogen storage tanks. Once hydrogen leakage is detected, the hydrogen can be quickly cut off. In addition, the characteristics of hydrogen are very light, and it rises quickly after leakage. As long as there is good ventilation, there is generally no danger of explosion on the open road (explosion needs to reach a certain concentration). Due to the long-term lack of popular science on the safety of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, people's concerns about hydrogen fuel cells have not been eliminated, and market education will take time.

Is hydrogen energy the ultimate form of automobile power?

Since there are so many problems in hydrogen energy vehicles, why do Toyota, Chang 'an and other cars have to spend huge sums of money to develop hydrogen energy vehicles?

One view is that hydrogen energy vehicles will be the final form of automobile power and even small power devices (generators).

Why not a pure tram? First of all, slow charging can never be solved. Think about the long queues of cars on the highway during holidays. It takes 5 minutes at a time and the queue is full. What would it be like if everyone used an electric car? Even with super fast charging, it takes 30 minutes for each car.

At the same time, if pure trams are popularized on a large scale, the impact on the current power grid is unimaginable and difficult to solve. The current of a Tesla ultra-fast charging mode reaches 192A, which is equivalent to 40 wall-mounted air conditioners at home. If a large number of electric vehicles are used, not only the existing power generation scale needs to be increased by dozens of times, but also the existing power grid scale will collapse instantly.

In addition, although the running cost of a pure tram is very low, the battery has a service life, and the cost per kilometer should be converted into the battery cost. However, the battery of hydrogen-fueled vehicles has different working principles, and its service life is much longer than that of traditional lithium batteries.

Finally, the existing wind power generation and hydrogen fuel cells form the best match. As we all know, wind power generation is a clean energy source, but due to the uncertainty of wind, this clean energy source cannot be incorporated into the traditional power grid on a large scale. However, if the wind turbine is used to produce hydrogen, it not only breaks through the unpredictability and sustainability of its own electricity, but also makes a revolutionary breakthrough in the energy of hydrogen-powered vehicles-as long as there is a wind turbine, hydrogen can be produced and stored at any time.

Write it at the end

The simple truth that hydrogen and oxygen generate water will become an unparalleled "gimmick" in the marketing of fuel cell vehicles. Put yourself in the other's shoes: how wonderful it is for an ordinary person with little professional knowledge to see that only water is discharged when a car is driving around.

Maybe the hydrogen fuel car that looks like a chicken rib at present will be another situation in 10 years. The stock market myth does not only belong to Tesla, Weilai, Tucki and Ideal. Will hydrogen fuel vehicles have this opportunity?