Methods of contraction and expansion

(1) Sentence expansion means adding branches and leaves to a sentence, that is, expanding a sentence with only basic meaning and simple expression, and adding some decorative and restrictive words to it to make the meaning of the sentence more concrete, vivid and vivid.

Basic steps of sentence expansion:

First, find out the main vocabulary of the sentence, and fill in the appropriate modifiers and restrictive vocabulary before the main vocabulary of the sentence. You can also grasp the main vocabulary of the sentence and ask some questions yourself. If you answer these questions, you are expanding this sentence.

The old monitor went fishing.

The skinny old monitor was fishing by the pond on the grass. (Extended sentence)

The meaning of this sentence is not specific. If you add modification restrictions, the ingredients will be fully expressed.

Methods: Ask questions first, what kind of old monitor? Where is it? How to fish? Then fill in the right words, which is the process of expanding sentences.

I watched this scene.

I just looked at this touching scene. (Extended sentence)

Matters needing attention in expanding sentences:

1, the extended sentence can't be added with a trunk, for example, the subject "I" can't be changed into "we" or "me and so-and-so".

2. The basic meaning and sentence pattern of the original sentence cannot be changed.

3. The added words should match the words in the original sentence properly.

4. Pay attention to the order of adding ingredients.

5. Pay attention to adding correct "de", "de" and "de" after modifying restrictive words.

+nouns; Land+verb; +adjective of de

Snowflakes are falling.

Snowflakes like goose feathers fall in succession.

I can expand sentences (practice)

1. Mother looks at the nurse. (Extended sentence)

There are shells on the beach. (Extended sentence)

The soldiers rushed to the position. (Extended sentence)

4. The students play basketball. (Extended sentence)

5. The sun shines on the fields. (Extended sentence)

6. This stream flows through the village. (Extended sentence)

7. Little tadpoles swim. (Extended sentence)

8. Black Bear Show. (Extended sentence)

9. The sun has risen. (Extended sentence)

(2) Abbreviation is to remove the branches and leaves in a sentence, that is, to remove the words that modify and restrict a concrete and vivid sentence, and to retain the most basic components of the sentence.

The basic steps of abbreviation:

1. First divide the sentence into "who", "what" or "what" and "how".

2. Find out the main words in each part.

3. Find "de, de, de", remove "de, de" and the words before, and remove "de" and the words after.

4. Finally, remove the modifiers and restrictive words and connect the main words into complete sentences.

I often think of my first teacher with deep gratitude.

I miss the first batch of teachers. (abbreviation)

Analysis: According to the steps of shortening sentences, you can first divide sentences into "who" and "what", then find the main words in each part, remove the modifiers, and then connect the main words.

Dujiangyan is a levee built by Li Bing and his son on the Minjiang River more than two thousand years ago.

Dujiangyan is a levee. (abbreviation)

My companion and I walked slowly on the beach with our heads down. My companion and I walked forward. (abbreviation)

④ The hybrid rice cultivated by this "contemporary Shennong" is China's "fifth greatest contribution" to mankind after the compass, gunpowder, papermaking and movable type printing.

Hybrid rice is the "fifth contribution". (abbreviation)

Precautions for abbreviations:

1, the basic meaning of the original sentence cannot be changed, the sentence should be complete and the sentence pattern should remain unchanged.

2. Delete the modified and restricted words immediately.

3. The negative words in negative sentences should be kept, and the words expressing doubts in interrogative sentences should be kept. The abbreviated sentence can not retain "de, de, de", but can retain "zhe, le, guo". ("zhe" is used after the verb to indicate that the action is in progress. "le" is used after the verb to indicate that the action has been completed. The use of "Guo"

After the verb, it means that the action has passed. )

4. Special words in sentences cannot be deleted. Such as: The First Teacher, The Fifth Contribution, etc.

5. Delete the word "in" ... (Chinese, English, English, Chinese, English, English, Chinese, English, English, Chinese, English, English, Chinese, English, English, Chinese, English, English, English, Chinese.

We have made achievements in learning from Lei Feng.

Abbreviation: We have made achievements.

I can shorten sentences (practice)

1, the warm spring breeze gently blows into our campus.

Abbreviations:

There is a golden full moon in the dark blue night sky.

Abbreviations:

Dad told us an interesting joke.

Abbreviations:

4. The little girl looked disappointedly at the Christmas tree rising higher and higher.

Abbreviations:

Tip: After abbreviation, the main component must be a word or phrase. For example, "apricot blossom" cannot be simplified as "flower" and "flowing water" cannot be simplified as "water".

A real China person can't lose his backbone under any circumstances.

Abbreviations:

Tip: The negative words in negative sentences should be kept. Can't be reduced to "China people can be spineless".

6. The lush banyan branches and leaves block the view.

Abbreviations:

7. Poor little Fanka was severely beaten by the boss.

Abbreviations:

Tip: The words "Ba" and "Bei" in the sentences of "Ba" and "Bei" should be kept when the sentence is abbreviated.

8. The students carefully organized a lively party by themselves.

Abbreviations:

Tip: when shortening sentences, you should keep the compound reference components completely.

The advanced students in our class often take the initiative to help the backward students.

Abbreviations:

Tip: When shortening a sentence, you should keep some necessary additional elements. If it can't be abbreviated as students helping students, the meaning is not clear. The significance of retaining the two modifiers "advanced" and "backward" is concrete.