The difference between Spanish and English

The difference between Spanish and English

Difference 1:

Spanish words are easier to remember and master than English, because English needs to look at phonetic symbols to pronounce correctly, while Spanish is different. Spanish has no phonetic symbols, so you can spell words as long as you master the basic pronunciation of its letters.

Difference 2:

Verb inflections in Spanish can be divided into regular and irregular, and regular verb inflections ending in ar, er and IR account for the majority, all of which are fixed and can be mastered quickly. The rest of the irregular verbs need to be memorized by everyone. Many simple verbs and phrases in English can form many meanings with different prepositions, such as get up, off and get out, but levantarse, bajarse and descartar are used in Spanish. Of course, it is not that there is no corresponding verb in English, but that English phrases change a lot.

Difference 3:

There are more words in English than in Spanish, because there are a lot of words from other languages in English.

Difference 4:

English tenses include present tense, past tense, continuous tense, present perfect tense, past perfect tense, past continuous tense, subjunctive tense, past perfect tense and so on, and so does Spanish. The only tense that Spanish has more than English is the past imperfect tense, which is used to describe various scenes in the past (just one of them). ?

Difference 5:

Some words in English and Spanish are the same, such as hospital and materials, but the pronunciation is completely different. The pronunciation of Spanish is so regular that you can read it fluently even if you don't know what it means. Many English words are similar to Spanish words. To give a few examples, English can be directly converted into -tion, and Spanish is-ció n (action = accion); English -ty, western -dad or tad (difference = differential).

Difference 6:

The position of adjectives

Generally speaking, beginners can easily realize that adjectives are in different positions in Spanish and English. Spanish usually puts adjectives after nouns modified in English, while English usually puts adjectives before nouns. For example:

Comfort Hotel Spain

British comfort hotel

Adjectives can also be placed before nouns in Spanish. But the meaning will change slightly, usually adding some emotions and subjectivity. For example:

A man, a poor man.

A poor man.

The same is true of adverbs in Spanish. Adverbs placed in front of verbs have a little emotional or subjective meaning. In English, adverbs are usually prepositioned or postpositioned and have no different meanings.

Difference 7:

There are significant gender differences. Sex is a main feature of Spanish grammar, but it is rarely seen in English.

Generally speaking, all Spanish nouns are masculine or feminine, but there are also a few neutral words. Adjectives and pronouns must conform to the nature of nouns. Even inanimate objects need ella (her) or él? On the contrary. In English, only a few nouns, such as people, animals and ships, have so-called sex and will be referred to by she. Even in these examples, gender is only reflected in pronouns, and adjectives are the same before men (masculine) and women (feminine).

Spanish is rich in nouns, especially technical words, usually in masculine and feminine forms. The male president is called the president, and the female president will be called the president in the traditional sense. Sex in English is limited to actors, actions and other words, but it should be noted that in the current use environment, this personality difference has been weakening. Now a female president can also be called the president, and it seems that an actor is often used to address an "actress".

Difference 8:

Verb conjugation English has few verb conjugation forms, that is, adding s or es indicates the conjugation of the third person singular in the present tense, adding ed or d indicates the conjugation of the past tense, and adding ing indicates the progressive tense. If we want to express tenses further, English is generally realized by adding auxiliary verbs "has", "have", "did" and "will" before verbs.

Singular numbers are completely different from Spanish. Although it also uses auxiliary verbs, Spanish widely reflects the person and tense by changing the suffix of verbs. Even without the help of auxiliary verbs, most verbs have more than 30 verb variants, while English has only three or four. For example, the verb hablar can be converted into hablo? (I said) Habran? (They say),? Habras? (you can say),? Habla Ryan? (They used to say), what else? What you said is virtual. Mastering verb inflections is the key to learning Spanish, including irregular inflections and regular inflections.

Difference 9:

Demand for subjects

In both languages, a complete sentence contains at least one subject and one verb. But in Spanish, it is often unnecessary to say the subject, because the subject can already be reflected in the verb displacement. In standard English, only in imperative sentences can the subject be omitted. In Spanish, there is no limit to omitting the subject.

For example, in English, "can eat" can't reflect who will do it, while in Spanish, you can use comeré to mean "I can eat" or comerán to mean "we can eat". These are just two examples, so the nominative personal pronouns in Spanish exist only to avoid ambiguity and emphasis.

Difference 10:

Subjunctive mood is used in both Spanish and English. The subjunctive mood is a variant of the verb, in which the action used by the verb is actually not spoken. However, subjunctive mood is rarely used in English, but it is common in all daily conversations in Spanish.

The difference of subjunctive mood can be seen from the following sentences, "Espero que duerma" and "I hope she is sleeping." Here, the English verb change is "duerme in Spanish, which is the same as" Sé que duerme "."I know she is sleeping. "It is necessary to pay attention to the changes of Spanish verbs in these sentences, which are not found in English.

It can almost be said that if a sentence in English uses subjunctive mood, then the corresponding expression can be found in Spanish. The word "learning" in "I insist on her learning" is subjunctive (if it is not subjunctive, we should use studies), and the corresponding expression in Spanish is "insisto queestie".

Extended data

Matters needing attention in learning Spanish:

Vowels, consonants, diphthongs, tri-vowels, syllable division rules, stress rules, consonant conjugation and so on will be studied in the phonetic stage.

1. vowel: the standard of paying attention to the mouth shape when pronouncing vowels. Monovowels are unique and the pronunciation remains the same! When pronouncing diphthongs and tri-vowels, be careful not to pronounce each vowel completely, and slide from one vowel to another quickly, without pause between vowels.

2. Consonants: unvoiced vocal cords do not vibrate, voiced vocal cords vibrate, and special attention should be paid to distinguishing t-d from P-B. When practicing vibrato, it should be noted that when R needs more vibrato at the beginning of a word, it is monosyllabic in the word, and the vibrato at the end of the word is the most difficult to pronounce, and it is the air sound under the mouth shape without any other sounds.

3. Syllabization: We don't have to read syllable by syllable. The purpose of syllable by syllable is to divide a syllable naturally when reading aloud, so that cadence is an important part of intonation. We need to read more books to cultivate our sense of language.

4. Stress rule: Look at the last letter without stress symbol. Vowels and words ending in s and n are stressed in the penultimate section, while those ending in other consonants are stressed in the last syllable.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Spanish