What to do if you have upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to liver cirrhosis?

What should I do if I have upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to liver cirrhosis? The cause of gastrointestinal bleeding in liver cirrhosis is liver cirrhosis. How should I protect myself from gastrointestinal bleeding? How to give first aid to patients with cirrhosis who vomit blood? Patients with liver cirrhosis should be careful about bleeding gums in winter, which may be caused by bleeding from the digestive tract. Cirrhosis! Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhosis is the most common complication of liver cirrhosis and has a high mortality rate. Preventing Bleeding Drugs are widely used clinically to prevent bleeding. The most commonly used drug is propranolol (propranolol), which should be started with a small dose. After taking the drug, the heart rate slows down by 25% compared with the original heart rate to be effective. Taking propranolol has certain side effects (patients with bronchial asthma, emphysema, diabetes, sinus bradycardia and severe cardiac insufficiency should not use it). Do not stop taking the medicine suddenly, otherwise the portal pressure may rise suddenly, which may cause bleeding. Some patients have poor results from propranolol, so they can use a combination of Xintongding or Xiaoxintong. It should be noted that the above drugs should be used under the guidance of a physician. 1. Why are patients with cirrhosis prone to upper gastrointestinal bleeding? Esophageal and gastric varices are the main causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhosis. Liver cirrhosis can lead to increased portal vein pressure and esophageal and gastric varices. When the portal vein or hepatic vein is blocked, portal hypertension can be aggravated, leading to rupture and bleeding of esophageal and gastric vein varices, causing upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Bleeding from esophageal and gastric varices is a common complication of liver cirrhosis. It is characterized by large amounts of bleeding, rapid changes in condition, and ferocious onset. It often causes hemorrhagic shock or induces hepatic encephalopathy, and the patient's mortality rate is high; portal hypertensive gastropathy Previously known as "putrescent gastritis", "congestive gastritis" and "hemorrhagic gastritis", and recently also known as "congestive gastritis", its histological characteristics are mucosal and submucosal telangiectasia, distortion and irregularity. Regular, easy to rupture and bleed; patients with advanced liver cirrhosis cause gastrointestinal mucosal erosion and ulcers due to liver insufficiency, leading to gastrointestinal bleeding, which is called hepatic gastrointestinal failure. In addition, liver function damage, coagulation mechanism disorders, etc. can also cause gastrointestinal bleeding, and bleeding is difficult to stop, often threatening the patient's life. 2. What should you do if a patient with liver cirrhosis vomits blood at home? Once a patient with liver cirrhosis suddenly vomits blood at home, neither the patient nor his family members should panic and should take immediate first aid measures. First, the amount and speed of bleeding should be controlled to prevent the patient from entering a state of shock in a short period of time due to excessive bleeding. Therefore, patients and their families should do the following: 1. The patient should lie horizontally on his side with pillows to keep the respiratory tract open and prevent blood or blood clots from flowing into the respiratory tract and suffocating the patient. 2. Comfort the patient and try to make him relaxed and calm. Because tension will increase intravenous pressure, accelerate bleeding and increase bleeding volume. If the patient eliminates the stress factors, when the bleeding reaches a certain amount, the venous pressure will decrease and the bleeding speed will slow down. In some patients, the bleeding can stop on its own. 3. Call the emergency station promptly to try to save time and send the patient to the nearest hospital for rescue. 4. For patients with multiple bleeding, you can prepare some necessary hemostatic drugs at home, such as stop bleeding. 3. How to treat liver cirrhosis complicated by upper gastrointestinal bleeding? The vast majority of patients with liver cirrhosis complicated by upper gastrointestinal bleeding have no obvious signs or discomfort, and some patients have a feeling of fullness in the upper abdomen before vomiting blood. The main clinical manifestations of upper gastrointestinal bleeding are hematemesis and/or melena and peripheral circulatory failure, which are common clinical emergencies. Whether the rescue is appropriate and whether the treatment is timely and correct is related to the patient's life safety. Therefore, once a patient vomits blood, his family members should send him to the hospital immediately. The key to rescuing upper gastrointestinal bleeding is infusion, blood transfusion, shock prevention and hemostatic treatment. Methods to stop bleeding include drugs, mechanical compression (three-lumen two-cyst tube compression), endoscopy, and surgery. The treatment of liver cirrhosis and the prevention of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhosis can be treated with traditional Chinese medicine: soothing the liver and unblocking meridians, softening and dispersing knots, reducing portal vein pressure, reducing splenic vein pressure, shrinking the spleen, increasing platelets, increasing white blood cells, etc. The pressure in the portal vein can be reduced Relieve bleeding, while the increase in platelets can also reduce the risk of bleeding. "Hebei Traditional Chinese Medicine Liver Disease Hospital" has adopted multi-prescription and multi-drug comprehensive treatment after many years of clinical practice. In particular, "Tongluo Ruanjian Capsules" and "Shuangjia Ruanjian Capsules" have good curative effects in the treatment of cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and splenomegaly. At the same time, combined with "Yixuening Capsule" to cool blood and stop bleeding, nourish blood, strengthen the spleen and kidneys, it can effectively increase the number of white blood cells and platelets, prevent and reduce bleeding, and is used for hypersplenism and the prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding caused by liver cirrhosis. wait.

4. What should patients with cirrhosis pay attention to in their daily lives? Patients with cirrhosis should pay attention to preventing the occurrence and development of these complications in their daily lives and try to reduce the load on the liver. Patients with liver cirrhosis and upper gastrointestinal bleeding should also pay attention to abstaining from alcohol and eating hard and rough food to prevent food from scratching the curved venous plexus. Vegetables should be chopped and softened. Avoid root vegetables that are high in fiber. The meat is made from tender minced meat, stewed and steamed. Do not fry food in oil and do not eat food with bone spurs. Eat less foods that produce acid and gas: sweet potatoes, for example, can increase gastric acid, and gas-producing foods, such as radish and garlic sprouts, can easily cause flatulence. Avoid strong irritating condiments such as chili peppers. Keep the stool smooth and avoid straining to defecate, coughing, etc. Balance work with rest, maintain emotional stability, pay attention to rest, and avoid overexertion.