Skills of couplets in the first day of junior high school

First of all, couplets should conform to the following five laws:

(1) The number of words in the upper and lower parts must be equal, and repeated words cannot be used.

(2) The last sentence of the first couplet must be written silently, and the last word of the next couplet must be flat.

(3) The sentence patterns of the upper and lower couplets must be consistent (equivalent parts of speech and corresponding structures).

(4) The horizontal lines of the upper and lower couplets should be relative. Where the upper couplet uses flat sound, the lower couplet must use flat sound, and vice versa (flat: flat sound; Cue, Cue, including words with three tones of up, down and middle).

(5) The upper and lower couplets can have similar or opposite meanings, and they can only say one thing, or they can say two things separately.

The antithesis between couplets and regular poems is related to inheritance and evolution, and the flat and even meter of regular poems and the principle of "whether 135246 is clear" are also applicable to couplets. As for the number of words in each couplet, there is no limit, ranging from four words, five words, six words, seven words, eight words and nine words to tens or hundreds of words, as long as you have something to say. Here are some examples to illustrate this point:

The motherland is strong; These people are new here.

(average, average. )

The motherland, mountains and rivers in the upper part and the people and years in the lower part are nouns, and the last word Zhuang in the upper part and Xin in the lower part are adjectives, which are relatively harmonious, and their contents and forms are consistent with the above five laws.

We can summarize the above contents as "four stresses", that is, "word equivalence, flat pronunciation, word opposition and syntactic symmetry". At the same time, the contents of the upper and lower couplets should be related, but they should not be identical or repetitive. The same antithesis is commonly known as "fighting", such as "Welcome Five Blessingg in the New Year, receive more than three in the Spring Festival", in which "New Year" and "Spring Festival", "Welcome" and "Receive" are all agreed. Traditionally, this kind of couplets is considered as a taboo in making couplets.

What has been described above is the practice and procedure of traditional couplets. With the gradual maturity and development of the art of couplets, various novel practices and sentence patterns have emerged, and so-called non-authentic couplets have emerged, that is, couplets that do not overemphasize hierarchy, fighting and rhyme. We should fully affirm and recommend it, and also advocate writing traditional couplets in a flexible format. For example, we often see such couplets in many schools now:

A thousand teachers teach people to seek truth; Learn everything and be a real person.