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Lincoln, Republican, was the16th president of the United States. He advocated against black slavery and led the American Civil War. At the beginning of the war, the compromise policy once defeated the north. Under the impetus of the people, he promulgated the Homestead Law and the Emancipation Proclamation, which reversed the situation and prompted the north to finally win. 14 In April, Lincoln was assassinated by Booth, an actor who sympathized with southern slave owners, at Ford Theater in Washington. Lincoln was able to comply with the demands of the broad masses of people, eliminate slavery in a revolutionary way, and solve the people's demand for land, thus promoting the development of American capitalism, making important contributions to safeguarding national unity and liberating black slaves, being respected by future generations and becoming the most outstanding bourgeois politician in American history after Washington. On February 1809, 12, abraham lincoln was born in Harding County, Kentucky. Forced by his livelihood, he worked as a shop assistant, a village postman, a surveyor and a fence cutter. 1834 was elected to the Illinois Senate and began his political career.

At that time, slavery was rampant in the United States. 1854, slave owners in the south sent a mob into Kansas to enforce slavery, which led to the civil war in Kansas. This incident aroused Lincoln's enthusiasm for struggle, and he clearly declared his political proposition of "fighting for freedom and abolishing slavery". 1860 was elected president. The southern slave owners' political views on Lincoln are clear, and they certainly don't want to do nothing. 186 1 year, representatives of seven southern states seceded from the federation, declared their independence and established their own "Southern Alliance". On April 12, they began to attack the Union Army. In the early days of the Civil War, the Union Army suffered repeated defeats and wars. 1862 On September 22nd, Lincoln published the draft Emancipation Proclamation (later Emancipation Proclamation), which is a document of great historical significance. Since then, the war situation has changed obviously, and the northern army quickly turned from defending to attacking, and finally won a complete victory at 1865.

At this time, Lincoln's popularity among the American people has become higher and higher. 1864, Lincoln was re-elected president. Unfortunately, on the evening of April 1865, he was shot at the Ford Theatre in Washington and died the next morning.

Marx, the revolutionary mentor, spoke highly of Lincoln, saying that he was "a man who will not be intimidated by difficulties and confused by success." He sticks to his great goals and never acts rashly. He made steady progress and never regressed; ..... In short, he is a rare figure who has reached a great level and maintained good quality. " .

One day in June, 183 1, in the slave auction market in the southern American city of New Orleans, rows of black slaves stood there with their hands in chains, and they were all strung together by thick ropes. Slave owners came one by one. Look at them carefully like buying mules and horses, and sometimes go up and touch their arms and pat their thighs to see if they are strong and have the strength to work in the future. Slave owners whipped slaves and branded them with red-hot iron bars. At this time, several sailors from the north came over. They were all shocked by the tragic sight before them. One of the young people said angrily, "What a shame! When I have the chance one day, I must completely crush this slavery. "

The speaker's name was abraham lincoln, and later he became the president of the United States, which really realized this great ambition.

1809 February, Lincoln was born in a peasant family. When he was a child, his family was poor, so he didn't have a chance to go to school. He works with his father in the western wasteland every day. He himself said, "The time I have spent in school in my life adds up to less than one year." But Lincoln was studious and asked others for advice whenever he had the chance. He has no money to buy pens and paper, so he writes, strokes and practices writing on sand and boards. He always holds a book in his arms when herding cattle, chopping wood and digging the ground. During the break, he ate hard and cold tortillas and read with relish. In the evening, he often reads under a small oil lamp until late at night.

When he grew up, Lincoln left his hometown and went out to make a living alone. He has done all kinds of jobs, such as short-term work, sailor, shop assistant, village postman, land surveyor, and hard work in logging and chopping wood. No matter what he does, he is serious, responsible and sincere. When he was a shop assistant in the countryside, once, a customer paid a few cents more, and he chased for more than ten miles before returning the money. On another occasion, he found that he had given the customer two or two teas less, and ran several miles to deliver the tea to that family. Therefore, wherever he goes, he is loved by people around him.

No matter what Lincoln did, he never forgot to study. He seized all his spare time to study hard by himself, studying history, literature, philosophy, law and other works, and gained rich knowledge. During this period, he was very interested in politics and took an active part in political activities. 1834, at the age of 25, Lincoln was elected as a senator from Illinois and began his political career. 1836 became a lawyer through the examination. Lincoln hated slavery when he was young, because when he was a sailor, he transported goods to the south many times and witnessed the cruelty of slave owners and the cruel torture of slaves. After he became a member of parliament, he often made speeches and attacked slavery, which was very influential among the masses. 1854, the United States * * * and the Party were founded. Because the party advocated the abolition of slavery, Lincoln took part. Two years later, he was nominated as a vice presidential candidate at the first national congress. In his campaign speech, he said, "We fought for freedom and the abolition of slavery until our constitution guaranteed freedom of speech, until only free people in the vast country worked in the sun and rain."

1858, when Lincoln was running for the Senate in Illinois, he gave a speech entitled "Broken House". He compared the coexistence of the North-South system to "a cracked house". He said, "A house with cracks is untenable. I believe that this government cannot remain semi-slave and semi-free forever. " Lincoln's speech was vivid and simple, which expressed the demands of the northern bourgeoisie and reflected the wishes of the people of the whole country, thus winning him a great reputation.

1860, Lincoln was elected president of the United States.

Lincoln's election posed a serious threat to the interests of southern planters. They certainly don't want a man who advocates the abolition of slavery to be president. In order to regain their long-held national leadership, they launched a rebellion before Lincoln took office. 1860 12, South Carolina was the first to declare its independence from the Federation, and then slave States such as Mississippi and Florida also left the Federation one after another. 186 1 In February, they announced the establishment of the American Confederacy, elected Jefferson Davis, the owner of the big plantation, as president, and formulated the Constitution, declaring that black slavery was the foundation of the Confederacy: "Black people cannot be equal to whites, and black slave labor is a natural and normal state."

1861April 12, the confederacy declared war and quickly captured the Sumter fortress where the federal government troops were stationed. Lincoln had to declare his opposition to southern operations. Lincoln himself did not advocate the abolition of slavery in a radical way. He believes that slavery can be restricted first, and then abolished gradually by peaceful means. The key is to maintain the unity of the Federation. Under the control of this idea, the northern government did not prepare for the war at all, but rushed to fight, while the south had a plan, well-equipped and well-trained army. Therefore, although the north has advantages in many aspects, it was defeated by the south, and even the capital, Washington, was almost broken by the rebels.

The defeat of the north on the battlefield caused strong dissatisfaction among the broad masses of the people, and demonstrations broke out in many cities, demanding that the government take measures to reverse the war. Lincoln realized that if he wanted to win this war, he must mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers, abolish serfdom and liberate black slaves.

1862 In May, Lincoln signed the Homestead Law, which stipulated that every American public could get 160 acres of land in the west by paying the registration fee of 10, and become the legal owner of this land after five years of continuous farming. This measure fundamentally eliminated the possibility of southern slave owners seizing land in the west, and at the same time met the urgent demands of the broad masses of farmers, which greatly stimulated the enthusiasm of farmers for their heroic struggle. 1in September, 862, Lincoln personally drafted the draft of The Emancipation Proclamation. On June 1 863 65438+1October1,The Emancipation Proclamation was officially promulgated, announcing that slavery in rebel states would be abolished from now on, and freed slaves could be called to join the federal army. Declaring the freedom of slaves fundamentally disintegrated the fighting capacity of the rebels and gave the northern army a powerful source of soldiers. During the civil war, the number of blacks who directly participated in the war reached 6.5438+0.86 million. They fought bravely, and one in three blacks gave his life for the cause of liberation.

The promulgation of these two decrees is a turning point in the civil war, and the battlefield situation is more and more favorable to the north.

1 863 July13, the two sides fought the largest battle since the civil war in Gettysburg, north of Washington. The two sides fought fiercely for three days and nights, and the northern army hit the southern army hard, causing the southern army to lose 36 thousand people. From then on, the northern army began to enter the counterattack, and the southern army had to defend.

On July 4th this year, the Union Army won another victory in Vicksburg. Vicksburg, located on the Mississippi River, is a cliff 200 feet above the water. The rebels guarding the cliff are condescending and can directly threaten the ships passing by the river with artillery fire. It is very difficult to attack this fortress from below. As early as the end of 1862, Grant, with the assistance of the navy, led troops to attack this fortress several times, but all failed. 1863 In April, Grant implemented a new attack plan, first destroying all the strongholds around the fortress, and then surrounding Vicksburg. The navy also came to help, attacking by land and water at the same time, violently shelling the fortress, and the deafening cannon sounded for 47 days. On July 4, the rebels trapped in the fortress ran out of ammunition and were forced to surrender. This time, the North Army captured 29,000 rebels.

Then, the northern army quickly pursued the rebels with the autumn wind sweeping away the leaves, and captured Richmond, the rebel capital, on April 3 1863. On April 9th, robert lee, commander-in-chief of the rebels, led 28,000 down archers to surrender to Grant in Abo Mattox village. The four-year civil war ended in victory in the north.

The civil war is called the second American revolution after the War of Independence. Lincoln became a symbol of black liberation. But the slave owners hated him very much. 1April, 8651On the evening of the 4th, Lincoln was assassinated by a thug who was bought by a southern slave owner while watching a play at the Ford Theater in Washington. Lincoln's unfortunate death caused great shock at home and abroad, and the American people deeply mourned him. More than 7 million people stopped on both sides of the road to pay tribute to the funeral procession, and 6.5438+0.5 million people paid tribute to Lincoln's body. Lincoln was an outstanding politician. He made great contributions to the development of American society and was revered by the American people. In the eyes of Americans, his prestige even surpassed that of Washington.

Lincoln was the 16 th president of the United States, and his life was full of hardships and frustrations. He was born in poverty, his mother died at the age of 9, and/kloc-started studying at the age of 0/5. At the age of 24, he went into business as a partner and closed down because of poor management, so he was in debt 15 years; At the age of 25, his first love Anne died of illness, which made him extremely sad. Since then, he has often been depressed. At the age of 32, he married Miss Mary Todd. After marriage, he often goes home because his wife has a bad temper. When he started running for public office, he lost almost every major election; At the age of 52, he was elected president of the United States. As a result, the civil war broke out soon. The northern army is superior to the southern army in personnel and armaments, but it has repeatedly failed on the battlefield. The civil war originally planned for two years lasted for four years, which made Lincoln suffer greatly. At the age of 56, the Civil War finally ended and Lincoln was re-elected, but he was assassinated in Ford Theatre. ...

Lincoln's life was spent in successive sufferings. Frustration is the main theme of his life, and depression is his personal enemy. But Lincoln lived to the last moment!

Not only that, Lincoln likes to laugh, because laughter is his prescription to relieve stress and can give him a break from endless troubles. More importantly, laughter can sublimate Lincoln's mood and let him and the people around him get wisdom tips from the "laughter of distressed people".

"I thank you very much for reminding me of my father. He's dead. I will always remember your advice. I know I will never be a good president like the shoemaker's father. "

There was silence in the Senate. Lincoln turned to the arrogant senator and said, "As far as I know, my father used to make shoes for your family. If your shoes don't fit, I can help you correct them. " Although I am not a great shoemaker, I have learned the skills of shoemaking from my father since I was a child. Then he said to all the senators, "It's the same for anyone in the Senate. If the shoes you are wearing are made by my father and need to be repaired or improved, I will try my best to help. "But one thing is certain, I can't be as great as him, and his craftsmanship is unparalleled." At this point, Lincoln left tears, and all the ridicule of Hua Song gave him sincere applause. Later, Lincoln became the president of the United States as he wished.

One day, Lincoln, Secretary of State William Seward and john hay visited the residence of General McClellan, the new commander of the North Army's Potomac Army (he was the first commander appointed by Lincoln after the American Civil War broke out). The servant told Lincoln that the general had gone out to attend the wedding and waited for about an hour. When General McClellan came back, he ignored Lincoln and others and went straight upstairs. After waiting for about half an hour, the servant went to report again and got a cold answer: "The general has fallen asleep."

On their way home, seward and Hay were indignant at McClellan's arrogant behavior, but Lincoln disagreed. Instead, he advised them not to care about the details, and finally said seriously, "As long as McClellan can win for us, I am willing to lead him."

Mcclellan was later proved to be a timid general, and Lincoln had to replace him. Unfortunately, Lincoln's later generals were also incompetent, and it was not until General Grant was finally replaced that good news spread frequently at the front. But soon, someone complained to Lincoln that General Grant often drank at the front. Lincoln said with a smile, "I really want to know what kind of wine Grant is drinking, so that I can send a bottle to every general at the front."

Lincoln likes telling jokes. Whenever he tells a joke, his face lights up, his eyes light up and his voice trembles. Sometimes he dances and laughs first. After being ridiculed, Lincoln's mood often drops immediately and he looks at everyone with a sad face. This is Lincoln's character.

Lincoln, who was born in poverty, faced setbacks all his life. He failed in eight elections, failed in business twice and even had a nervous breakdown.

Many times, he could have given up, but he didn't, and it was because he didn't give up that he became one of the greatest presidents in American history.

"This road is hard and muddy. One foot slipped and the other foot was unstable; But I took a deep breath and told myself, "It's just a slip, not death. I can't get up." "-Lincoln said after losing the Senate election.