Range Rover in Shushan —— "Ruan Ji's Three Crys" in Wei and Jin Dynasties

I remember that when I was in college, no matter what version of literary history, I would first read the introduction of the literary history of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. You Guoen, Yuan Xingpei and Guo Yuheng have all read the introduction of The Romantic Life in Wei and Jin Dynasties repeatedly.

Yuan Xingpei's favorite introduction. This edition interprets "romantic life in Wei and Jin dynasties" as "Wei and Jin demeanor", and summarizes the core spirit of "Wei and Jin demeanor" with words such as "mysterious heart, insight, wonderful appreciation and deep affection". Beautiful poetry, lofty spirit, brilliant thoughts and elegant personality are the representatives of Wei and Jin dynasties.

One of the representatives of romantic life in Wei and Jin Dynasties is the famous "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest", among which Ruan Ji is the best. Around Ruan Ji, there are many stories in the history books about his charming, talented and uninhibited. For example, he doesn't talk and uses his eyes as props. It's his "etiquette of our generation?" A thought-provoking rhetorical question that flouts etiquette; His purpose is to avoid being drunk by the emperor; He drank hard liquor and played the piano over and over again, but when he was proud, he suddenly forgot his body and even fell asleep at once. It can be said that "I want to go to sleep, and the Ming Dynasty intends to hold the piano" is natural, ... but what interests me most is "The Scream of Ruan Ji".

As the saying goes, men don't cry lightly, but the Book of Jin written by Fang in the Tang Dynasty? Biography of Ruan Ji left a famous trilogy of Ruan Ji.

These three kinds of crying are Ruan Ji's crying for his mother, Ruan Ji's crying for his military daughter and Ruan Ji's crying for poverty. When I was studying, I felt that Ruan Ji was really spontaneous and natural. I can cry if I want, stop if I want, wander around, let the carriage run, and cry if I can't find the way. With the change of time series, people come back to experience Ruan Ji's middle-aged crying today, only to find that Ruan Ji's seemingly free and easy frankness when he was young actually has another meaning. Behind Ruan Ji's hysterical cry is bottomless pain.

Ruan Ji is handsome and the son of Ruan Yu, one of the seven sons of Jian 'an. From an early age, he was not only gifted, but also extremely diligent, tireless in learning, full of reading poetry, able to write articles at the age of eight, proficient in temperament, and playing the piano all day. In the early days of his growth, influenced by his parents, family and society, his education was orthodox Confucian education, that is, "if you are poor, you can protect yourself, and if you reach the limit, you can help the world." He once had a lofty ambition to make a difference in life. So, he sighed: "When there is no hero, you can make the vertical well-known!" " Climbing the Wu Prison Mountain, looking at the capital and sighing, therefore, I assigned "Hero Poetry". "Climb high and look far, observe the shape and observe the situation, have mountains and rivers in my heart, and want to have a big career. However, the Wei-Jin period in which he lived was a period of struggle between Cao Wei and Sima's party. Social unrest, people's lives are miserable, nobles are extravagant, and people are in dire straits. Ruan Ji has been looking forward to a wise master, but the time has not come. As soon as he stepped into politics, he found that the officialdom was dark and corrupt, and politicians were greedy and cruel, far beyond his imagination. In the strange circle of resignation, in the end, the reality made him lose the heart of "joining the WTO" and produced the idea of "being born in troubled times" His thoughts have gradually turned into "Zhuangzi" thoughts, with "wild" actions, weird behaviors, depravity and "drunken dreams" ...

When Ruan Ji was three years old, his father died. His mother and uncle brought him up. Therefore, Ruan Ji has deep feelings for her mother and is very filial to her. "Sex is the most filial." Ruan Ji once said: "Animals don't know their father, kill their father, animals and the like, kill their mother, animals don't do it." Such a Ruan Ji, her mother is a sky above her head and her own life. For a dutiful son like Ruan Ji, the death of his mother must be very sad. But when he first heard the news of his mother's death, he was playing chess and gambling with someone. The other party told him not to play chess again, but Ruan Ji refused and insisted on staying for the next game of chess. He played chess, drank two fights, played the trombone, and vomited blood for several liters. When his mother was buried, he didn't say goodbye to her body until he drank and ate meat. He wailed bitterly and vomited blood, so thin that he almost died.

"The body is a skin injury, and parents dare not hurt it. Filial piety begins. " Yesterday, my father left, an orphan; Now that mom is gone, why rely on it? Tears fly like rain, blood surges up several liters, and I'm going to die. When can I see you again? When can you hear his teachings? How can the charity of raising calves be rewarded? People say that with parents, there is still room for life; With parents gone, there is only one way home in life. Sima Qian said: "People who are poor are against their roots, so they are extremely tired and don't cry." It's so painful that I don't even have to call my parents. "Then cry, vomit a painstakingly, vomit a lag, vomit a block, cry heartily, cry heartily, even if dead!

The mother's funeral, Ruan Ji's wailing and vomiting blood, is to cry for the mother's kindness and affection. What will you do? "The son wants to raise and the relatives are not there", and it is even more ugly to cry. Throughout the world, there are no loyal leaders

The daughter of a military commander has nothing to do with herself, but she died unmarried because of her talent. Ruan Ji went directly to the funeral, and she cried till she finished her grief. Ruan Ji's tears are for the beautiful young life that passed away. Life is alive, all prosperity will eventually wither, all beauty will eventually wither, and all life will eventually wither. Ruan Ji mourned the death of a beautiful life with compassion. On the other hand, the daughter of a military commander is beautiful, but her fragrance disappeared before she met Zhizhu's lover. But she has always been virtuous, but time is running out and she can't wait for a wise Lord to serve. Time flies and life is as short as spring flowers. Isn't it an obvious example that the daughter of a military commander died? Ruan Ji felt the same way and burst into tears. Perhaps, when Ruan Ji was suffering for a military wife, he already knew that his talent was destined to burn only in the melting pot of years.

One of Ruan Ji's favorite things in his life is to drive a carriage full of wine, pulling the reins in one hand and holding the jar in the other. He didn't control the direction well and let the carriage go forward. The carriage wobbled and the wine in the altar spilled out. Ruan Ji was half drunk and half awake. When the road came to an end and there was no way out, Ruan Ji began to burst into tears. A few days later, he set off in a carriage again ... and so on. Wang Bo said in the preface to Wang Teng-ting: "Meng has noble taste and empty heart to serve the country;" Ruan Ji is crazy, and crying is effective? " Young and frivolous, spirited, Wang Bo's words have the meaning of discrimination against Ruan Ji, but he ignored the sadness of Ruan Ji's infiltration into the bone marrow.

Ruan Ji himself once said, "Yang Zhu couldn't stop crying, and Mozi was worried about dyeing silk." During the Warring States Period, Yang Zhu came to a fork in the road and didn't know which way to take. Then, he thought of many choices in life, some of which are wrong choices, and some may lead to life and death, so he hid his face and cried. Mozi saw the white silk put into the jar, and the color changed with the pigment it entered. Isn't it the same in life? I can't help myself because of too many environmental influences.

Ruan Ji has a road and can take a career; Ruan Ji has no choice. He hid in the bamboo forest. Bamboo forest is a temporary pure land, and the seven sages suddenly vanished. Where is the road? Officially? You haven't been to Dongping. Have you ever been blocked? In the dark? Isn't it guarded? Drunk in a small wine cup? "Ruan Ji's chest is blocked, so he needs to drink some wine." On the way home? All the troubles in life begin with literacy, and the most important thing is that literati are not free. The world is cold, and there are dark clouds. Find the ferry, find the ferry, and where? Where is the way home? Only wailing, wailing ... driving out, regardless of the southeast and northwest, there is always a time when he is cornered and he cries; Finally, I have to turn back. He doesn't want to look back. He cried. He knew that darkness, disillusionment and despair were waiting for him, but he had to turn back. He can only go back the same way, heartbroken, but can't get rid of it. Only he cried and cried. No one understands the pain. ...

The cry of the poor at the end of the day, crossing the cracks in history in the Eight Wastes and Six Rivers, has always had a distant echo. In that echo, there was a group of literati, Shisheng Jin of hit the floor.