The story of a desperate struggle and being besieged on all sides.

Embattled on all sides: In 202 BC, Xiang Yu and Liu Bang originally agreed that the east and west of Xiaxia (in present-day Rongxian County, Jia Luhe) would be the boundary of non-aggression. Later, Liu Bang followed the advice of Sean and Chen Ping, and thought that Xiang Yu should be destroyed when he was weak. Then he chased Xiang Yu's army with Han Xin, Peng Yue and Liu Jia, and chased Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu) eastward. After several fierce battles, Han Xin finally used the tactics of flying daggers, arranged several layers of troops, and tightly surrounded Xiang Yu in Gaixia (southeast of Lingbi County, Anhui Province). At this time, Xiang Yu's soldiers were few and there was no food. In the evening, I heard that all the troops around him were singing the folk songs of Chu. I couldn't help but be very surprised and say, "Did Liu Bang get Chu?" Why are there so many Chu people in his army? "At some point, I lost my fighting spirit, got out of bed, drank in the camp, and recited a poem. The poem says: "Pulling mountains makes the world angry, but if it is unfavorable, it will not die. There's nothing I can do without dying. What can you do? It means: "strength can move mountains." The momentum is overwhelming, and the times are against me. A good horse cannot run. "A good horse can't run away, what should I do, concubine concubine? How can I arrange you!" Sing with his favorite concubine Yu Ji. There were so many songs that I cried and the people around me were very sad. They all bowed their heads and cried together. After singing, Yu Ji committed suicide in front of Xiang Yu's horse. Xiang Yu's hero finally took more than 800 knights, leaving only 28 in the end. He felt ashamed to face the elders in Jiangdong, and finally threw himself into the river, and Liu Bang dominated the world. Because there is a story in this story that Xiang Yu was surprised to hear someone singing Chu songs around him, and then failed to commit suicide, people later used "besieged from all sides" to describe the personnel environment where people were attacked or persecuted from all directions, resulting in an embarrassing situation of isolation and helplessness. Anyone caught in this situation often has a tragic fate. For example, some people are idle because they often associate with bad people. But later, he was forced to make a living by those bad guys. When he asks for help from others, others will never sympathize with him or ignore him because of his bad behavior on weekdays. This man's situation is "besieged on all sides". Another example is that when the school discusses academic issues, students are ignorant (idioms, meaning no academics), irresponsible and confuse right and wrong. When students rise up and attack, students are completely isolated. This can also be called "besieged on all sides". In the process of our life, in our daily life, we should be a good person and do things in a down-to-earth manner. If we make a mistake, we will suffer from all sides. Defeated, he committed suicide in Wujiang River. Regarding this allusion in history, Li Qingzhao once wrote a poem: Life is a hero, and death is also a ghost hero. I still miss Xiang Yu and refuse to cross Jiangdong. Express your admiration and yearning for Wang Xiang. Mao Zedong once wrote a poem, which includes: It is better to chase the poor bandits with the only brave ones left, rather than learn from the bullies by selling their fame. Express different thoughts and feelings.

Boiling beans and burning peppers: Cao Zhi, the youngest son of Cao Cao, was gifted at an early age and loved by his father. After Cao Cao's death, his younger brother Cao Pi became the emperor of Wei. Cao Pi is a jealous man. He was worried that his younger brother would threaten his throne and wanted to kill him.

One day, Cao Pi called Cao Zhi to him and asked him to write a poem within seven steps to prove his talent in writing poetry. If he can't write it, it will be tantamount to deceiving the emperor and putting him to death.

Cao Zhi was sad and angry when he knew that his brother was going to kill him. He fought back his grief and tried to think about it ... Sure enough, he wrote a seven-step poem and read it out on the spot:

Boil beans and burn beans,

The beans are crying in the kettle.

Originally born from the same root,

Why are you in such a hurry to blow each other up?

The last battle: Biography of Historical Records of Huaiyin Hou said that Han Xin was a military genius in the Chu-Han War. In October of the third year of Emperor Gaozu (204 BC), Han Xin led tens of thousands of newly recruited Han troops to cross Taihang Mountain and attack Zhao, the vassal state of Xiang Yu, eastward. Zhao Wang and General Chen Yu concentrated 200,000 troops and occupied Jingxingkou, a throat area east of Taihang Mountain, to prepare for war. To the west of Jingxingkou, there is a narrow path about a hundred miles long, with mountains on both sides and narrow roads, which is the only place for Han Xin. Li Zuoche, Zhao Jun's counselor, made a plan: fight a frontal defense, send troops around the back to cut off Han Xin's grain transportation route, and trap Han Xin on the narrow road in Jingxing. Chen Yu didn't listen and said, "There are only a few thousand people in Han Xin, thousands of miles away. If we don't fight, won't the princes see the joke? " After learning the news, Han Xin quickly led the Han army into the narrow road in Jingxing, and camped 30 miles away from the mouth of Jingxing. In the middle of the night, Han Xin sent two thousand Qingqi, each holding a flag of the Han army, to ambush the rear of Zhao's camp from a path. Han Xin warned: "When we are fighting, Zhao will be anxious to catch up with our army. You rushed into the camp of Zhao Jun, pulled out the flag of Zhao Jun, and erected the red flag of Han Jun. " After eating some simple dry food, the rest of the Han army immediately headed for Jingxingkou. At Jingxingkou, the brigade crossed the water and lined up behind it. When Zhao Jun saw it from afar, they all laughed at Han Xin. After dawn, Han Xin set up a general's flag and ceremonial, and led the people to leave Jingxing. Chen Yu rate Qingqi elite swarmed out and captured Han Xin alive. Han Xin pretended to abandon the flag and fled back to the position by the river. Zhao was ordered to attack the whole battalion, which was in line with the position of the Han army. Thanks to no way back, the Han army fought bravely for the first place. The two sides fought for a long time, but Zhao Jun couldn't win. At this time, Zhao wanted to go back to the camp, only to find that his camp was full of flags of the Han army, and the team was suddenly in chaos. Han Xin tried to fight back, Zhao was defeated and killed, and Zhao Wang was captured. After the war, someone asked, "Sun Tzu's art of war says that fighting with the back of the mountain and fighting with the water. This time, we in last stand won. Why? " Han Xin said: "Isn't it also said in Sun Tzu's Art of War that' you will be born when you are trapped, and then you will survive when you are surprised'?" You just didn't notice. "Han Xin, Huaiyin (now southwest of Qingjiang, Jiangsu) people. He is a general under Hanwang Liu Bang. In order to defeat Xiang Yu and seize the world, he made a plan for Liu Bang, first capturing Guanzhong, then crossing the Yellow River eastward, defeating and capturing Wei who betrayed Liu Bang and surrendered to Xiang Yu, and then eastward attacking Zhao Wangxie. The last battle was a big conspiracy of Han Xin.

[1] Han Xin's troops have to pass through a very narrow mountain pass, which is called Jingjingkou. Li Zuoche, the counselor of the Prince of Zhao, advocated blocking the mouth of Jingxing, and at the same time sent troops to cut off the trench of the Han army. Without backup, Han Xin's expeditionary force will surely fail. But General Chen Yu refused to listen, relying on his military superiority, and insisted on fighting the Han army head-on. Han Xin was very happy when he learned that. He ordered the troops to camp 30 miles away from Jingxing, and in the middle of the night, let the soldiers have some snacks and let them eat after winning the battle. Later, he sent 2,000 Qingqi to sneak forward from the path and let them rush into Zhao's camp quickly after Zhao left the camp and hang the Han flag. Another 10,000 soldiers were sent to deliberately turn their backs on the river to lure Zhao. At dawn, Han Xin led the army to attack, and the two sides fought fiercely. Soon, the Han army defeated the backwater position for a pretence, and all Zhao troops left the camp and came to pursue. At this time, Han Xin ordered the main attack, and the soldiers who had no retreat turned around and pounced on the enemy. Zhao can't win and is going back to camp. Suddenly, the flag of the Han army was planted in the camp, and he fled everywhere. The Han army pursued the victory and won a total victory. When celebrating the victory, the generals asked Han Xin, "According to the art of war, this array can carry mountains on its back and face the water. Now you've asked us to line up in last stand, and you've said that you're going to give Zhao a full meal. We didn't believe it at the time, but we really won. What kind of strategy is this? " Han Xin smiled and said, "This is something in the art of war, but you didn't notice it. Didn't Sun Tzu's Art of War say,' You will be born when you are trapped, and then you will live'? If there is a retreat, the soldiers have fled, how can they be desperate! " This story evolved from the idiom "the last battle", which is mostly used in military operations, and can also be compared to actions with the nature of "decisive battle". Literature source: "Historical Records Biography of Huaiyin Hou" "Faith is to make ten thousand people go first, go out and go back to the past. Zhao Jun smiled when he saw it. Ping Dan, a newly-built university student, went out of Jingxingkou, and Zhao opened the wall to attack it. The war lasted for a long time. So Xin gave up the big drum and left the navy. When the water army enters it, it will recover from illness. The empty wall of Zhao is a drum flag for the Han Dynasty, composed of Han Xin and Zhang Er. Han Xin and Zhang Er both joined the navy. They are fighting to the death and cannot be defeated. Letter out of Indiana Jones two thousand ride, * * * wait until zhao empty wall for the profit, then chi into zhao wall, do pull Zhao Qi, Han Hongqi two thousand. Zhao Jun is overwhelmed and can't be trusted. If it wants to return to the city wall, the city wall is covered with red flags, but it is frightened. I thought that Han had won the prince of Zhao, and he was in a panic and fled everywhere. Although Zhao can cut it, he can't ban it. So the Han soldiers attacked and defeated Zhao Jun, and they became aquatic, and the birds rested. "

Sleep and taste the gall: Mr. and Mrs. Gou Jian, the King of Yue, paid homage to Fu Cha in the State of Wu. According to legend, he spent three years in Wu, driving horses and raising horses for Fu Cha, the king of Wu. His wife cleaned the palace and lived in a damp cell, which was extremely humiliating. Wu Zixu repeatedly suggested that Fu Cha, the prince of Wu, kill Gou Jian. Under the protection of Abel, he was saved from being killed, and finally he was pardoned and returned to China. After returning to China, Gou Jian was determined to take revenge, so he "tasted the courage, soaked it in water when it was cold, often held ice in winter, and held fire in summer" and "hung it on the door and tasted it." (1) This is the famous story of "serving the salary and tasting the courage" handed down from history. Gou Jian is frugal, "dare not go out extravagant, dare not go in extravagant", "food doesn't value taste, clothes don't value color", and he is diligent in political affairs every day, "never played for a day". He farmed his own food, and his wife weaved and dressed, saving money and strengthening his national strength. After Gou Jian returned to Vietnam, he vigorously developed production and multiplied the population. He ordered 10 years to be tax-free and let the people "live for three years". Reward the breeding population. It is forbidden for strong men to marry old women, and for old men to marry strong women. Female 17 years old does not marry, male 20 years old does not marry, parents are guilty. When a woman is about to give birth, she will report to the government, and the government will send a doctor to watch the delivery. Give a boy two pots of wine and a dog; Give birth to a girl, two pots of wine and a little pig. If a fetus gives birth to two babies, the government will provide food and clothing, and if a fetus gives birth to three babies, the government will ask a nanny to feed it. Take care of widows and widowers accordingly. Probation and light punishment to reassure people. Rectify internal affairs and recruit talents. Reuse Wen Zi, Fan Li, Ji Ran and others. Choose "Da Shi" in China, give them a first-class house, give them first-class food and clothing, and let them devote themselves to the country. To recruit talents, there are more and more tourists from various vassal countries. Gou Jian must hold a grand reception ceremony in the ancestral hall and be appointed according to their respective specialties. For example, Gou Jian governs internal affairs with literary talent, Fan Li governs military affairs and diplomacy, and Ji Ran governs finance. Strengthen military training. Recruit and prepare troops according to the administrative organization of Li Lv. Cast a sword and a strong bow, and practice a water army that is "flowing". Use severe punishment to educate foot soldiers to be brave in obeying orders and be willing to make meritorious deeds. "If you enter, you will be rewarded, and if you retreat, you will avoid punishment." ① Build battlements and strengthen border defense. This is Gou Jian's strategy of "ten-year reunion and ten-year education". At the same time, Gou Jian listened to the doctor's diplomatic strategy of "pro-Qi, deep Jin, deep Chu and thick Wu". In the policy of "being kind to Wu", the tactics related to the "nine techniques" of writing style are mainly implemented, that is, "casting coins with heavy money to save his monarch and offering more goods and bribes to please his ministers", and often sending some valuable jade articles and silk to Wu monarch and ministers to make them happy; It's expensive to spend money on things in the country. After returning to China, Gou Jian falsely reported to the country and suffered a disaster. He borrowed 65438+ 10 mangoku from Wu. In the second year, the State of Yue selected the best grain, steamed it and returned it to the State of Wu. The State of Wu saw that the more grain it planted, the better, so it was used as a seed. As a result, there was no harvest in Wu. "Leave a beautiful woman to confuse her heart, but create a plot." Fu Cha was abandoned politically when the State of Yue presented the stone and two beautiful women to the State of Wu. "Be skillful and excellent, take it as the palace, and make the best use of it". Gou Jian sent 3,000 carpenters to the mountain to cut down big trees, and carved patterns on the cut wood for the State of Wu. Fu Cha used these Woods to build large-scale projects and palaces, which consumed people's strength; "The courtiers left it easy to cut down" and "the admonishers made it commit suicide", which deepened the contradiction between Fu Cha, Ebo and Wu Zixu, made Fu Cha force Wu Zixu to commit suicide, and relieved the anxiety of obstruction and goodwill. On the one hand, Yue actively supported Fu Cha's policy of fighting for hegemony with Qi Jin in the north, on the other hand, he secretly interacted with Qi Jin Chu and other countries. In order to paralyze the people of the State of Wu, the State of Yue pretended to attack the State of Chu once, and the State of Chu also sent troops to pursue the Vietnamese army. Wu and Chu are feuds, and the people of Wu feel more at ease when they see the more they attack Chu. After years of preparation, the state of Yue strengthened Mazhuang, and only waited for the favorable opportunity to attack Wu Faqi and avenge the national humiliation.