What was Longxi like in ancient China?

Before 1669 AD, the center of Gansu's military and political culture was basically in Longxi. In its more than two thousand years of history, Longxi was the largest military and political cultural center west of Chang'an. The promotion of historical and cultural cities and the promotion of modern metropolises are two different fields and concepts. The speed of a local economic development should not affect the promotion of its history and culture to this extent. This is a pity. The place name "Longxi" has been recorded as early as the Warring States Period (Warring States Map of "Ancient Chinese History Teaching Reference Atlas" published by Peking University). I think if Gansu abandons Longxi, it will be equivalent to giving up the rich resources of using powerful regional names and historical celebrities to illustrate Gansu's long human history, because Longxi is the most important economic and cultural center in Gansu history. Tianshui and Wuwei also had periods of glory in history, or there were periods when they kept pace with Longxi, but their longevity and overall weight were not as good as Longxi. Most of the history and humanities listed above are recorded in historical records under the name "Longxi", and Longxi is the historical location of Longxi County. Longxi is one of the few model place names in Chinese history and culture not only in Gansu but also in the whole country. It carries the classic culture of the nation through the ages. When looking at the vast cultural history of China, it is impossible to avoid Longxi (Longxi County, Longxi Chengji, Weizhou, Gongchang Mansion, Gongchang Commander-in-Chief Mansion, Gongchang Chief Minister's Office), because Longxi is the place where the early Chinese nation An important area of ??cultural birthplace, there are endless historical and cultural celebrities. It is the birthplace of Qin culture and Tang culture.

A place name has been carried in the treasury books for three or four thousand years, and is integrated with typical emperors and cultural celebrities. This itself has rich historical weight and splendid cultural glory. Currently in Gansu, it is difficult to find two other words that are more representative of Gansu's history and culture than Longxi.

A representative historical and cultural place name is already a focus that has been shaped by history for thousands of years. History comes from here and people recognize it from here. This place name should be the link between Gansu and Gansu. The central line of history and culture cannot be changed in the long course of history. Gansu’s propaganda cannot and should not deviate from this axis. As for the small-scale locations of historical events and characters (of course, small areas and changes can also be explained), we should follow the conventions of representative regions and historical records, and small-scale disputes about celebrities and famous events should be subordinate to the big overall situation. Longxi is synonymous with a large historical region. We cannot only look at the temporary divisions of the current regional institutions and be too biased. When promoting Longxi, the historical events and figures must go beyond the scope of Longxi counties and districts, and should enter the historical Longxi County and Gongxi counties. The geographical scope of Changfu is consistent with history. Before the Qin and Han Dynasties, Longxi County included: Lanzhou, Tianshui, Longnan, and Qin'an. Gansu's history and culture mainly originated from the early Qin and Han Dynasties. It should be noted that Longxi is a historical region and historical concept, and cannot be simply regarded as a separate part of the present. Longxi County, Longxi is the "Longzhong", "Longshang", and Gansu's abbreviation of "Long" in history to this day. They all come from the historical and cultural region of Longxi. Now this historical region only has the territory of one county. , Longxi is about to disappear in Gansu. Only the powerful electric locomotives of the Longxi Locomotive Depot, towing only a few carriages, have been traveling back and forth every day for fifty-one years in the 600-mile land between Lanzhou and Tianshui. At the same time, they are silently telling countless people across the country who are passing through here that this land is The forgotten land of Six Hundred Miles has a halo in Chinese history and is still covered with a fascinating cultural flavor. Longxi is a relatively historical and cultural regional concept. For example, Li Bai is relatively uniformly recorded in classics as a native of Longxi Chengji, and Li Shimin's ancestors were from Longxi. If we further divide the small regions and change Li Bai and Li Shimin to Qin'an or Lintao, then Jiangyou, Sichuan The "Longxi Courtyard" of "Li Bai's hometown", and the "Longxi Hall" of Li's ancestral hall in Longxi County must be changed to "Qin'an Courtyard" or "Lintao Hall". As a result, "Longxi Hall" in the title of the overseas program of CCTV International Channel has to be canceled or renamed. At the same time, thousands of descendants of the Li family living overseas have to abandon the usual name of "Longxi". This is It will make an international joke. In 266 BC, King Zhao of Qin established Longxi County. After Qin Shihuang unified the six kingdoms, Longxi County was still established. Until 1669 AD, it had always been the largest military and cultural center west of Chang'an, the capital of Kyoto. It has been exercising first- and second-level military power under the central government in Longyou. The initial jurisdiction of Longxi County was the sum of the current Lanzhou City, Dingxi District, Tianshui City, and Longnan District. Later, due to the large area, it was divided from them and established Tianshui County: Jincheng County (now Lanzhou City), Wudu County, and Anding county.

The Qing Dynasty separated the governors of Shaanxi and Gansu, and later established Gansu Province. The provincial capital was first located in Longxi, and then moved to Lanzhou in 1669 AD. Then the economic and cultural center was transferred from Longxi to Lanzhou. From the thousands of years of history, there are countless historical and cultural celebrities who have been named in Longxi. "It is difficult to count the number of Longxi literati who entered the imperial court in the past three hundred years of the Tang Dynasty alone. It can be said that people like Longxi have great Historically, there are only a handful of places in the country that have directly or indirectly supplied many talents to the country. The ancients said: ‘Heaven is a treasure, the land is brilliant, and the people are outstanding’, which makes Longshang’s culture the best in China.” (See "Manuscript of Longxi Literature and History" 》). Following the historical naming of large regions is conducive to the continuity of cultural inheritance and the unity of people's knowledge of important historical figures. Longxi carries the history and culture of Gansu, which is recorded by historical materials (for the history of Longxi, please see the relevant entries in the "Twenty-Five Histories", and the "Longxi Literature and History Manuscript" has detailed research).

Longxi is located in the upper reaches of the Weishui River, the largest tributary of the Yellow River, that is, the Longxi Basin of the Weishui River Basin in southern Gansu Province, with a wide natural area. The Wei River flows through the entire territory, and there are the Bird and Rat Tongxue Mountain, which is famous throughout the ages, and the Shouyang Mountain of "Yu Gong" where Boyi and Shuqi of the Shang Dynasty committed suicide by not eating Zhou millet. In the center of the ancient city sits the Weiyuan Tower, which was built in the Yuan Dynasty (1261 AD). It is majestic and makes the ancient city highlight its eternal majesty. In the Yuan Dynasty, Longxi was the residence of Commander-in-Chief Gongchang of Shaanxi Xingzhongshu Province. The Yuan Dynasty implemented a combination of military and political governance. The Mansion of General Gongchang was located in Weiyuan Tower, which "oversaw the four prefectures of Gongchang, Pingliang, Lintao, and Qingyang, Qin, Long, Ning, Dingxi, Lan, Zhenyuan, Jie, Cheng, and Xihe. , Hui, Huan, Jin, Hui, Deshun, Jinyang, administrative and military affairs of the fifteen states" ("Longxi Literature and History Manuscript"). The ancient city carries the role of Lanzhou City, the capital of Gansu Province. It can be imagined that Longxi was prosperous, glorious and cultural at that time. of prosperity. The Weiyuan Tower was rebuilt in the Qing Dynasty. It has cornices, brackets, carved beams and painted columns. It is 26 meters high. It is extremely simple and spectacular. It is the first building in the northwest of Chang'an in the west. It is a representative building of Longshang's scenic spots and historic sites. The gold plaque across the railing of "Gongchangxiong Town" written by Yang Family of Longxi is powerful and thick in calligraphy. Gongchangxiong Town is "the most popular place in the world for sound and hearing". A poet from Longshang praised: "Longshan and the Wei River have always been the battlefields of military strategists. Gongchangxiong Town has produced generals from Guanxi since ancient times." The latticework of the ancient folk houses in the city follows the ancient architectural style of the Qin and Han Dynasties. It has a long history and culture, and North Street is preserved as an ancient building in the Qin and Han style. In the north of the city, there is the tomb of Baba, a general of Yuan and Meng Dynasties. The archway still stands tall on the Weibin. The ancient Chiting water source has a long history and slowly flows into the Wei River from the north. The trains busy on the Longhai Railway line run along the Tingshui River, crushing the Chiting of the Han Dynasty. The smell of loess accumulated by the captain travels between the north and the south.

Longxi’s flat and steep terrain is about the same size as Lanzhou’s. It has a mild climate, four distinct seasons, and thoroughfares on all sides. Its geographical location determines that it will be the center of transportation and material distribution in southern Gansu in history, now and in the future. The Song Dynasty was China's largest international trade center, and the commodity trade fair in modern society evolved from Longxi. With the development of the west, the start of the national west-line water diversion project and the opening of the Eurasian Continental Bridge-Chongqing-Lanzhou Railway, Longxi has unlimited prospects for economic development and is full of business opportunities for development. The rise of Longxi as an industrial city in central Longxi is a sign of rapid progress. An unstoppable historical trend.

The Li family's "Longxi Dragon Palace" is located at the front gate of the north street of Longxi City. Its multi-story bracket-style archway is still there today. This was the real hometown of the Li Yuan family before the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Longxi was the foundation of the Li family. He Yuan's hometown was called Longxi Dragon Palace at that time, which added to the mystery of Longxi. Li Yuan once appointed Prince Li Jiancheng as the prefect of Longxi to handle military affairs and protect the family. Peonies in Longxi are earlier than those in Chang'an. (The Longxi Dragon Palace in the Tang Dynasty was the main area and later moved to Chang'an by Li Jiancheng.) Peony in Chang'an is earlier than those in Luoyang. Except for the records in the book "Downstairs in Weiyuan", little is known about it. Peony has a dry nature and likes cold. With the addition of cloves for protection, peony is still popular in Chang'an and Luoyang in the Western Qin Dynasty.

"Wangjiadong" is located in Longxi City and is well known to everyone in the county. This is a mystery that is difficult to conclude in Chinese archeology. The legend of Wangjiadong is well-known. The mystery of the legend, the richness of the legend content, and the completeness of the system are rare. It can at least be used as a legend and allusion to promote tourism culture. The Wang family in Longxi has been famous since Wang Shixian, the king of Longyou in the Yuan Dynasty. It has been in decline through the Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. It has many officials, and only in the three histories there are more than 30 Fu Lao. Wang Shiyuan is still located in Zhangxian County