Qiushui Zhuangzi Classical Chinese

1. Appreciation of classical Chinese: At the beginning of Zhuangzi's Autumn Water

article, it depicts the grand scene of autumn water and rivers irrigation with concise and vivid pen and ink, which naturally triggers Hebo's pride and complacency.

Then, from the perspective of Hebo, who flows into the sea from the east, he sees the vastness of the sea, which naturally leads to Hebo's shame and sighing at the ocean. In this simple and clear natural phenomenon, the reader's vision is as broad as Hebo's.

this passage can be described as extremely flowing, and the brushwork and water potential seem to have merged, and there is no boundary. And the discussion of Beihai Ruo will naturally flow out with this image.

With three metaphors of "well frog", "summer worm" and "qu Shi", Beihai brilliantly explains that cognitive judgment is always limited by living conditions; In addition, three contrasting metaphors, namely "the emptiness is in osawa", "the rice is in the barn" and "the millionth is in the horse body", vividly illustrate the difference between the small and the big. This passage can be said to be a wonderful play of the article "Little knowledge is not as good as great knowledge" in "Happy Travel".

When Hebo broke away from his self-righteous prejudice and fell into a new prejudice that "too small is not too big", Beihai Ruo expounded his relativistic view of time and space and change from four aspects: "infinite quantity", "endless time", "impermanence" and "no reason at all" beyond the concrete perceptual intuitive level, and speculatively expounded his relativistic view of time and space. As for "what people know, not if they don't know; When it is born, it is not like when it is not born. It is also the play of the theory of "My life is limited, but my knowledge is also limited. With the limit, it is dangerous."

2. The ancient Chinese translation of Autumn Water in Zhuangzi is urgent

to give you a relatively complete translation, so other sentences will be OK.

"Autumn Water in Zhuangzi" When autumn water comes, a hundred rivers fill the river; There is no argument between the two Zhuya cliffs because of the great river flow. So how Hebo gladly complacent, take the beauty of the world as his own.

head east with the current. As for the North Sea, look east, but there is no water end. So Yan Hebo began to turn his face, looked at the ocean and sighed, saying, "There are sayings in the wild, and those who know a hundred things think that they don't know what they are, I call them also.

Only when you tell me that you are ignorant of Zhongni and despise the righteousness of Bo Yi will you believe me. Today, I see that my son is difficult to be poor, and I am in danger unless I am at the door of my son. My parents are laughing at the generous family. " Beihai Ruo said, "You can't talk to those who are in the sea, but stay in emptiness.": Summer insects can't talk to the ice, but also to the time; Qushi can't talk to Taoists, but be tied to teaching.

Now that I'm from a cliff and looking at the sea, I know that I'm ugly, and I will be able to talk with Dali. The water in the world is greater than the sea, and Wan Chuan belongs to it. I don't know when it will stop. I don't know when it has been empty; Spring and autumn are the same, and we don't know the flood and drought.

the flow of this river cannot be measured. However, I have never taken this as a self-sufficiency, since I am shaped in heaven and earth and suffer indignities from yin and yang. I am between heaven and earth, and Xiao Mu is in the mountains.

you can only see a few things, but you can also ridicule yourself! Counting the four seas between heaven and earth is not as empty as osawa. China is in the sea, unlike the rice in the warehouse? The number of things is ten thousand, and people are at a loss; People died in Kyushu, where the grain was born, where the boats and cars were connected, and where people were; This is more than anything else, unlike the end of luxury lies in the horse's body? The connection between the five emperors, the dispute between the three kings, the concern of the benevolent people and the work of any scholar, all this! Bo Yi's words are regarded as names, and Zhong Ni's words are regarded as bo, which is self-sufficient; Don't you want to be more than water? " Hebo said, "But I'm a big man, but I'm a small man, so what?" If Beihai says, "No.. Husband and property, endless, endless, impermanent, and ultimately unprovoked.

Therefore, great knowledge focuses on the distance, so small but not few, big but not much, and endless knowledge, which proves the present, so it is far away but not boring, and it is endless to know when; If you look at the surplus and deficiency, you will gain without joy, lose without worry, and know the impermanence of points; It is obvious to be frank, so you are born without saying anything, and you are not in trouble when you die. It is also impossible to know the end. Count what people know, not what they don't know; When it was born, it was not like when it was not born; It is confusing and not complacent to ask for the smallest and the largest territory.

from this point of view, how can we know that luxury is enough to be refined? How do you know that heaven and earth are poor enough to be big? " Hebo said, "All the people who discuss the world say,' The essence is invisible, and the greatness is beyond measure.' Is it trust? "Beihai Ruo said:" The husband is never satisfied with the great, and the arrogant person is unknown.

the husband is fine, and he is very small; Hey, the big yin is also; Therefore, it is different. This trend is also there.

those who are refined and rough are expected to be tangible; Invisible, the number can not be divided; Those who can't be surrounded can't be poor. Those who can speak are coarse; Those who can pay tribute are the essence of things.

those who can't talk about what they say, and those who can't understand what they mean, don't expect to be precise and rough. Therefore, the trip of an adult is not harmful to others, and it is not kind; Don't move for profit, don't be cheap; Goods and wealth compete, and there are not many concessions; Don't borrow people, don't eat too much, don't be corrupt; The line is different from the customs, and there are not many differences; In order to follow the crowd, don't be mean and flattering, the world's nobility is not enough to persuade, and shame is not enough to be ashamed; Knowing right and wrong can't be divided, and the details can't be Ni.

I heard:' Taoist priests don't smell it, and they are extremely virtuous, and adults have no self'. About the same. "

Hebo said, "But what am I? Why not? I quit my job, but what can I do? " If Beihai said, "From the Taoist point of view, what is expensive and what is cheap is called anti-Yan; Without restraint, there is a big gap with the Tao. How little and how much, it is called Xie Shi; There is no line, and it is different from the Tao.

strictly speaking, if the country has a monarch, its selfless virtue, and if it has a society, its selfless blessing; Generally speaking, if it is infinite, it has no territory. He is pregnant with all things, and if he bears the wings of Beihai, he says, "Those who know will reach reason, those who reach reason will know power, and those who know power will not harm themselves with things."

to be virtuous, fire can heat, water can drown, cold and summer can harm, and animals can steal. It's not that it's thin, it's better to observe the safety than to be lucky, and it's not harmful to go.

As the saying goes: Heaven is inside, people are outside, and virtue cares about heaven. Knowing the journey between heaven and man depends on the sky and the position; Hey? And flexion and extension are extremely important. "

yue: "what is heaven? What is a person? " Beihai Ruo said, "Cattle and horses have four legs, which means heaven; Falling off a horse's head and wearing a bull's nose are people. Therefore, there is no way to destroy the sky with people, to destroy life with reasons, and to be martyred.

it is the opposite of the truth to keep it and not lose it. " Pity the owl, pity the snake, pity the wind, Lian Mu Feng, Lianxin Mu.

kui said, "I walk with one foot, and I can't do anything! What can I do with this son? " He said, "Otherwise. To those who don't see it or spit on it? If you spray, the big ones are like beads, the small ones are like fog, and those who come down are countless.

I've moved my secret today, but I don't know why. " The owl said to the snake, "I walk with many feet, but I am not as good as a son without feet. Why?" The snake said, "What can evil do when the master moves?"? I use it enough! " The snake said to the wind, "If you move my spine and walk, it will be similar.

Today, the bitter fleabane bitter fleabane started in the North Sea, and bitter fleabane bitter fleabane entered the South China Sea, but it seems nothing. Why? " The wind said, "Of course. Yu Pengpeng started in the North Sea and entered the South China Sea. However, referring to me is better than me. I am also better than me.

though, I am the only one who can win the big house, so it is also a great victory to win the small ones. For the big winner, only the saints can do it. "

Confucius swam in Kuang, and the Song people counted coins, but the string songs were not satisfactory. Zi Lu entered and said, "What is the entertainment of Master?" Confucius said, "Come, my daughter! I have been poor for a long time, but I can't help it, and my life is also; It takes a long time to get through, but not, but also.

When Yao and Shun are infinite in the world, you don't have to know. When you are arrogant and arrogant, and there are no people in the world, you will not know what you have lost. The times are right.

a fisherman is brave if he walks in the water without avoiding the dragon. He who does not avoid killing tigers on land is brave enough to hunt husbands.

a martyr is brave if the white blade is handed over to him and he looks upon death as if he were alive. Knowing the poor has a life, knowing the times, and those who are not afraid of great difficulties are also brave.

by, get along! My life is controlled! " Without geometry, the first one entered, saying, "I thought it was a tiger, so I surrounded it;" This is not true, please resign. " Gong Sunlong asked Wei Mou: "Long learned less from Wang Zhidao, and he was long and wise in his journey of benevolence and righteousness; The contract is different, leaving the firm white; But otherwise, can't; The knowledge of hundreds of people is trapped, and the debate of many people is poor; I think I have reached my goal.

what I heard from Zhuang zi today is different. I don't know how to talk about it? What do you know? I have nothing to open my mouth today. 3. About the translation of the first chapter of the classical Chinese "Excerpts from Zhuangzi Autumn Water"

Autumn rain keeps falling, the river rises, and thousands of rivers pour into the Yellow River, which greatly widens the main stream of the Yellow River. When you look at each other between the two sides of the strait and on the small and medium-sized rivers, you can't even recognize the horses and cattle. So the river god rejoices and becomes complacent, thinking that the beauty of the world lies here. Go east along the river, reach the Bohai Sea, and go there. The river god began to change his complacent manner, and looked at the boundless sea and sighed to Poseidon: "As the saying goes,' After hearing a lot of truths, he thinks that no one can match himself'. I am such a person. I have heard that some people regard Zhong Ni's knowledge as less than that of Bo Yi's righteousness as light. At first, I didn't believe it. Now I see that you are so vast and inexhaustible. If I don't come to you, I will. Insects in summer can't talk about ice with it, because it is trapped by the season; People who are narrow-minded and ignorant should not talk to him about the main road, because they are bound by their education. 4. The original text of Qiushuizhuang Zhou and its translation

The original text: When autumn water comes, all rivers fill the river. Jīng (j Ο ng) is a big stream, and between two cliffs, there is no argument between cattle and horses. So how, Hebo gladly complacent, take the beauty of the world as his own. Go east with the current. As for the North Sea, look to the east and see no water end.

So, Hebo turned his face, looked at the ocean and sighed, saying, "There is a saying in wild language: [I know a hundred things, but I think I don't know myself]. I call it also. Besides, I have heard less about Zhong Ni (sh m: o), and those who despise the righteousness of Bo Yi will believe me. Today, I see the difficulty of the child (nán) is poor, and I am either at the door of the child or at risk (dài). My parents laugh at the generous family.

The flood in autumn rises with the seasons, and many rivers flow into the Yellow River. The current is huge, and cattle and horses can't be distinguished between the waterside islands on both sides. At this time, the river god was very happy and complacent, thinking that all the beautiful things in the world were on his own. Follow the current eastward to the Bohai Sea. Look east and see the end of the water.

At this time, the river god changed his original view, looked up at Poseidon and sighed: "There is a saying in the saying,' After hearing hundreds of truths, I think that no one in the world can match me, and that's me. Moreover, I have heard that some people think that Confucius has little knowledge and that Boyi is light in righteousness. I didn't believe it at first, but now I see your infinity. If I don't come before you, it will be dangerous. I will always be laughed at by learned people. "5. The original translation of" Autumn Water in Zhuangzi "

Zhuangzi Chapter 17 Autumn Water Original: When autumn water arrives, hundreds of rivers fill the river; There is no argument between the two Zhuya cliffs because of the great river flow.

So Hebo is pleased with himself and takes the beauty of the world as his own. Go east with the current. As for the North Sea, look to the east and see no water end.

So Yan Hebo began to look at the ocean and sighed: "There is a saying in the wild language,' I know a hundred things and think that I don't know myself', and I call it also. And if I taste the smell of Zhongni and despise the righteousness of Boyi, I will believe it; Today, I see that my son is difficult to be poor, and I am in danger unless I am at the door of my son. My parents are laughing at the generous family. "

if beihai says, "well, you can't talk to those who are in the sea, but you are confined to emptiness." Summer insects can't talk to the ice, but also to the time; Qushi can't talk to Taoists, but be tied to teaching. Now that I am out of the cliff and looking at the sea, I know that I am ugly, and I will be able to talk with Dali.

The water in the world is greater than the sea, and Wan Chuan returns it, and I don't know when it will stop. I don't know when it has been empty; Spring and autumn are the same, and we don't know the flood and drought. This is the flow of rivers, and it cannot be measured.

and I have never been so conceited, but I feel aggrieved by yin and yang because I am in the shape of heaven and earth, and I am between heaven and earth, just like Xiao Mu is in the mountains. Fang Cun almost sees less, but also laughs at himself! Counting the four seas between heaven and earth is not as empty as osawa. China is in the sea, unlike the rice in the warehouse? The number of things is ten thousand, and people are at a loss; People died in Kyushu, where the grain was born, where the boats and cars were connected, and where people were; This is more than anything else, unlike the end of luxury lies in the horse's body? The connection between the five emperors, the dispute between the three kings, the concern of the benevolent people and the work of any scholar, all this! Bo Yi's words are regarded as names, and Zhong Ni's words are regarded as bo, which is self-sufficient; Don't you want to be more than water? " Hebo said, "But I'm a big man, but I'm a small man, so what?" If Beihai says, "No..

possessions are endless, endless, inconstant, and endless. Therefore, great knowledge depends on the distance, so small but not few, big but not many, infinite knowledge, and evidence to the present, so far away but not boring, and endless knowledge; If you look at the surplus and deficiency, you will gain without joy, lose without worry, and know the impermanence of points; It is obvious to be frank, so you are born without saying anything, and you are not in trouble when you die. It is also impossible to know the end.

count what people know, not what they don't know; When it was born, it was not like when it was not born; It is confusing and not complacent to ask for the smallest and the largest territory. From this point of view, how can we know that the luxury is enough to be fine? How do you know that heaven and earth are poor enough to be big? " Hebo said, "People who discuss the world all say,' The essence is invisible, and the greatness is beyond measure.

' is it true? " Beihai Ruo said, "My husband is never satisfied with the great, but he is ignorant of the great. The husband is fine and small; Hey, the big yin is also; Therefore, it is different.

this trend is also there. Those who are refined and coarse are expected to be tangible; Invisible, the number can not be divided; Those who can't be surrounded can't be poor.

those who can speak are coarse; Those who can pay tribute are the essence of things. Those who can't talk about what they say, and those who can't understand what they mean, are not expected to be fine and rough.

It's an adult's trip, and it's not harmful or kind. Don't move for profit, don't be cheap; Goods and wealth compete, and there are not many concessions; Don't borrow people, don't eat too much, don't be corrupt; The line is different from the customs, and there are not many differences; In order to follow the crowd, don't be mean and flattering, the world's nobility is not enough to persuade, and shame is not enough to be ashamed; Knowing right and wrong can't be divided, and the details can't be Ni. When I heard it, I said,' Taoist priests don't smell it, and they can't be virtuous. Adults don't have themselves'.

about one minute. " Hebo said, "But what am I? Why not? I quit my job, but what can I do? " If Beihai said, "From the Taoist point of view, what is expensive and what is cheap is called anti-Yan; Without restraint, there is a big gap with the Tao.

what is less is more, which means giving thanks; There is no line, and it is different from the Tao. Strictly speaking, if the country has a monarch, its selfless virtue, and if it has a society, its selfless blessing; Generally speaking, if it is infinite, it has no territory.

With all things in mind, if Beihai says, "Those who know must be rational, those who are rational must be clear about power, and those who are clear about power will not harm themselves with things. The most virtuous, the fire.