How to cultivate students' questioning ability

In teaching, there are very few students who ask Chinese teachers questions on their own initiative. This is not that students have no doubt in Chinese learning, mainly because students will not "question" in Chinese learning. How should teachers cultivate students' questioning ability in Chinese teaching? The author believes that we can start from the following aspects.

First, remove psychological barriers and cultivate the sense of questioning

Students are bound to have many problems when they study. Why can't students ask questions in Chinese class? There are mainly the following obstacles.

1. I am superstitious about books and have no sense of questioning. Teachers should help students to establish the consciousness of questioning, so that they can realize that what the book says is not necessarily completely correct. Only by establishing the consciousness of not being superstitious about books, daring to criticize and dare to deny, can they question.

2. There is no habit of actively questioning. Most students are used to thinking and solving the problems raised by teachers, but not to questioning on their own initiative. This actually reflects students' dependence on teachers. Therefore, in order to make students form the habit of questioning actively, it is necessary to get rid of students' superstition about teachers, and teachers will not do everything to replace them in Chinese teaching, so that students can get rid of the shackles of teachers' "teaching" and ask and solve problems themselves.

3. Lack of sufficient relevant knowledge. Because of the lack of relevant knowledge, they will turn a blind eye even if the problem is in front of them, and they have no idea that it is a problem and don't know how to question it. Therefore, teachers should cultivate students' habit of accumulating knowledge at ordinary times and cultivate students' ability to use what they have learned to ask new questions.

4. Face-saving thinking is serious. Some students are afraid that they will lose face by answering the wrong questions. Therefore, there is a strange phenomenon that primary school students ask questions more enthusiastically than junior high school students, and junior high school students are more enthusiastic than senior high school students. The older they get, the fewer questions they have. In addition to the factors that students become more and more mature and stable with age, the concept of face has also been enhanced with age. Therefore, on the one hand, it is necessary to educate students to lose face and not be afraid of making mistakes. It is not a bad thing to doubt and ask wrong questions. On the other hand, teachers should protect students' enthusiasm for questioning and should encourage them as long as they are justified.

Second, create a questioning environment and cultivate the spirit of questioning

1. Create a positive classroom atmosphere. Traditional teaching mainly aims at imparting knowledge, emphasizing the "teaching" of teachers, which makes students have a mindset of taking teachers as the standard. The relationship between teachers and students in the classroom presents a state of "obedience". Students have no questions and do not need to ask questions. If this goes on, where will the questions come from? Therefore, in teaching, teachers should pay attention to their own tone and try to ask questions in a consultative tone, such as "Do you have any questions" and "Do you have any different opinions"; You can also use inspiring language to encourage students to question, such as "Your question is good" and "Your view is unique". Encourage students to be innovative, dare to challenge teachers and classics, listen carefully to students' different opinions and unique ideas, guide students to dare to think, speak and ask, create a democratic and relaxed teaching atmosphere, and provide students with a warm soil.

2. Insist on students' dominant position. In the classroom, students should be the center of teaching and be in the main position. When designing questions, teachers should first think of students and estimate how they will think and answer. For students who answer questions, "don't judge heroes by success or failure", it is of course good to answer correctly; Even if the answer is wrong, we should give encouragement. Even if the students' answers are completely wrong, teachers should listen and give comments. Perhaps his thinking is representative and universal in the whole class, so teachers should give comments and correct mistakes in time. In this way, in class, students can always be active and have no ideological burden.

3. Create a good questioning situation. In classroom teaching, teachers should try their best to create a questioning situation, so that students can have problems in the situation and thus have the desire to solve problems. Teachers are good at questioning, that is, they should pay attention to the artistry of Chinese teaching. Whether a question is set properly or not, whether it is too simple or too difficult, will affect the expansion of students' thinking ability and the improvement of their innovation ability. Therefore, teachers need to find out the students' level, carefully study the teaching materials and choose the right questions. It is necessary to analyze specific problems, explain them in simple terms, or ask questions directly or make a mountain out of a molehill.

Third, guide the questioning methods and cultivate the questioning ability

1. Grasp the questioning opportunity. Strike iron depends on the temperature, and teaching should seize the opportunity. Confucius once said: "If you are not angry, you will not be angry." It can be seen that only when students are in a state of "anger and frustration", that is, when they have "tried to get through their hearts but failed to get through" and "failed to speak out", is the best time to "open their hearts" and "achieve their words" to students.

students will encounter many problems when they preview or read the text for the first time. These problems involve both the content-centered idea and the writing method. Students' understanding ability is different, so the difficulty of the problem is different. At this time, the students' psychological state is that they hope that their questions can be taken seriously by everyone, and at the same time, they hope that the questions raised can be solved. Therefore, this teaching link should stimulate students' questioning consciousness and encourage students to question boldly. When students read the text by themselves with questions, they will think deeply and ask some targeted questions. Questioning in the process of understanding can guide students to actively explore the key contents of the text. Teachers can't take the place of it. We should overcome the old teaching mode of "teachers ask and students answer" and return the initiative of questioning to students. Everyone can ask questions, and everyone can be a teacher, ask and answer each other, forming a good atmosphere of questioning and dispelling doubts.

2. Help students overcome language barriers. There are often the following situations in class: students actively raise their hands, but when they stand up, they are tongue-tied and can't understand. This kind of students are not without problems, but their oral expression ability is poor, which affects the expression of thinking. In view of this situation, several forms of questioning can be introduced to students. Ask directly, simply ask "what's there" and so on. The rhetorical question is to ask questions about students' confused understanding of basic knowledge, basic skills or a certain problem, step by step, so that students can suddenly wake up and achieve the goal of turning mistakes into correct ones. Questioning is to ask a deeper question after a certain question is answered positively or negatively, and its manifestations are "why" and "please explain the reasons", which is convenient for us to seek the depth from the easy.

Einstein said, "It is often more important to ask questions than to solve them." With the progress of society and the in-depth development of education reform, people are more and more aware that cultivating students' questioning consciousness, spirit and ability is the key to fully implement quality education and cultivate innovative talents. I hope that "questioning teaching" can attract more and more people's attention and be effectively carried out in teaching.